Trends in Civil Aviation Accidents and Safety Incidents in Turkey (2010-2024)

Öz

This study aims to examine the civil aviation safety performance in Türkiye within the context of human factors. Data on aviation accidents and incidents occurring between 2010 and 2024 were obtained from secondary data sources published by the General Directorate of Civil Aviation and the State Airports Authority. Quantitative analysis methods were used to examine the changes in accident and incident rates over the years and their relationships with flight numbers. Furthermore, accident and incident rates per 100.000 flights were calculated to more accurately assess safety performance. The findings indicate that human factors play a decisive role in aviation safety and that there is a general trend of improvement in accident rates despite increasing traffic density. However, an increase in the number and rate of safety incidents was observed, suggesting that safety performance should be evaluated not only with outcome-oriented indicators but also with process-oriented indicators. The findings reveal that trends in Türkiye largely parallel those in the international literature. This study emphasizes that human factors are not limited to individual errors but must also be addressed at the organizational and systemic levels. This approach is consistent with system-based models that evaluate human errors within a multi-layered structure. In this context, policy recommendations are presented for strengthening safety management systems, expanding human factors training, and developing a reporting culture. The research aims to provide a current and comprehensive contribution to the literature on civil aviation safety in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Civil Aviation Safety
• Human Factors
• Secondary Data
• Accident Analysis
• Türkiye

Türkiye’de Sivil Havacılık Kaza ve Emniyet Olaylarının Dönemsel Eğilimleri (2010-2024)

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sivil havacılık emniyet performansını insan faktörleri bağlamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada 2010-2024 yılları arasında meydana gelen havacılık kazaları ve olaylarına ait veriler, Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü ve Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi tarafından yayımlanan ikincil veri kaynaklarından elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada nicel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak kaza ve olayların yıllara göre değişimleri ve uçuş sayıları ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, emniyet performansının daha doğru değerlendirilmesi amacıyla 100.000 uçuş başına düşen kaza ve olay oranları hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, insan faktörlerinin havacılık emniyetinde belirleyici bir rol oynadığını ve artan trafik yoğunluğuna rağmen kaza oranlarında genel bir iyileşme eğilimi bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, emniyet olay sayılarında ve oranlarında artış gözlenmiş olup bu durum, emniyet performansının yalnızca sonuç odaklı değil, süreç odaklı göstergelerle birlikte değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, Türkiye’deki eğilimlerin uluslararası literatürle büyük ölçüde paralellik gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, insan faktörlerinin sadece bireysel hatalarla sınırlı olmadığını, aynı zamanda organizasyonel ve sistemsel düzeyde ele alınması gerektiğini vurgulamakta olup, bu yaklaşım insan hatalarını çok katmanlı bir yapı içerisinde değerlendiren sistem temelli modellerle uyumludur. Bu bağlamda, emniyet yönetim sistemlerinin güçlendirilmesi, insan faktörleri eğitimlerinin yaygınlaştırılması ve raporlama kültürünün geliştirilmesi yönünde politika önerileri sunulmaktadır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de sivil havacılık emniyetine ilişkin literatüre güncel ve bütüncül bir katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sivil Havacılık Emniyeti
• İnsan Faktörleri
• İkincil Veri
• Kaza Analizi
• Türkiye

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmada kullanılan veriler kamuya açık ikincil veri kaynaklarından elde edilmiştir. Bu nedenle araştırma kapsamında etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir.

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