Araştırma Makalesi
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TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET AYRIMI VE CAM TAVAN SENDROMU ÜZERİNE OYUN TEORİSİ MODELİ: CAM TAVANIN KIRILDIĞI OYUN DENGESİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 85 - 95, 28.12.2018

Öz

21. yüzyılda dahi, kadınlar, hakim yapı
içerisinde biyolojik kimlikleri gerekçe gösterilerek bir takım ön yargılara ve
ayrımlara tabi tutularak profesyonel yaşamda ikincilleştirilmektedirler.
Gözetilen bu ayrımın rasyonel ve etkin olup olmadığı literatürde sıklıkla
tartışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Özellikle 18. yüzyılda kadının
yönetim alanına girmesiyle başlayan bu tartışmalar doğrultusunda feminist
kuramın geliştirmiş olduğu karşı argümanlar kadınların, maskülen nitelik
gerektirdiği öne sürülen işlerde en az erkekler kadar verimli olabileceğini
ortaya koymaktadır. Söz konusu argümanlar kemikleşmiş ön yargıların gelişmişlik
düzeyi her ne olursa olsun tüm toplumlarda kadınların lehine değiştirilmesinin
önemini vurgulamaktadır.



Bu çalışmada ataerkil dünya düzeninin yol
açtığı toplumsal cinsiyet ayrımı sorunu ele alınmaktadır.  Örgütsel yapı dahilinde kadınların neden
yönetici pozisyonunda aktif olarak yer alamadıklarını açıklayan cam tavan
sendromu,  Akerlof ve Kranton'un, Economics
and Identity (İktisat ve Kimlik) adlı makalelerinde geliştirdikleri model
çerçevesinde yeniden irdelenmektedir. Bu perspektif doğrultusunda kadınların
karşı karşıya kaldıkları cam tavanların kırılması için hukuki düzenlemelerin ve
yaptırımların önemi ortaya konmaktadır. 

Kaynakça

  • Adams, J. S.(1965). Inequity in social Exchange., Berkowitz, L. (Ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology. (s. 267-299).New York: Academic Press.
  • Akerlof, G.A. Ve Kranton, R. E.(2000). Economics and identity. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. Vol.CXV. Issue.3. s. 715-752. Baroudi, J.J. Ve Truman, G.E.(1992). Gender differences in the ınformation systems managerial ranks: an assessment of discriminatory practices. Working Paper Series, New York University, s.5.
  • Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., & Atwater, L. (1996). The transformational and transactional leadership of men and women. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 45, 5–34.
  • Bass, B. M. Ve Avolio, B. J. (1994). Shatter the glass ceiling: women may make better managers. Human Resource Management. Vol.33. No.4. s. 549-560.
  • Broadbridge, A. Ve Hearn, J.(2008). Gender and management: new directions in research and continuing patterns in practice. British Journal of Management, Vol. 19. s.43.
  • Cejka, M.A. ve Eagly, A. H., (1999). Gender-Stereotypic Images of Occupations Correspond to the Sex Segregation of Employment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.Vol.25. No.4.s. 413-415.
  • David, M.E. Ve Woodward, D. (2005). Negotiating the glass ceiling-careers of senior women in academic world. London: Falmer Press. s. 14.
  • Day, D. R. Ve Stogdill, R. M. (1972). Leader behavior of male and female supervisors: A comparative study. Personnal Psychology. No.25. s. 353-360.
  • Deaux, K. Ve Emswiller, T. (1974). Explanations of successful performance on sex-linked tasks:what ıs skill for the male ıs luck for the female. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.29, No.1, s. 80.
  • Diamond, E. E. (1971). Occupational level versus sex groups as a system of classification. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1, s. 305-315.
  • Etaugh, C. ve Brown, B. (1975). Perceiving the causes of success and failure of male and female performers. Developmental Psychology. Vol.11. No.1. s. 103.
  • Haslam, A. S. ve Ryan, M.K. (2008). The road to the glass cliff: Differences in the perceived suitability of men and women for leadership positions in succeeding and failing organizations. The Leadership Quarterly.Vol.19. Issue.5.s.530-546.
  • Leventhal, G. S. Ve Michaels, J. W. (1971). Locus of cause and equity motivation as determinants of reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.17. No.3. s. 229-235.
  • Levitin, T., Quinn, R. P. Ve Staines, G. L. (1971). Sex discrimination against the American working women. American Behavioral Scientist. No.15, s. 237-254.
  • Meece, J.L., Glienke, B.B. ve Burg, Samantha. Gender and motivation. Journal of Social Psychology. 2006. s. 351-373. Meir, E. I. (1972). Relationship between intrinsic needs and women's persistence at work. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol.56. No.4 s. 293-296.
  • Sherman, H. J. (2015). How society makes itself: the evolution of political and economic institutions. London:Routledge. Ragins, Belle R, Townsend, Bickley ve Mattis, Marry. Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling. Academy of Management Executive. Vol. 12, No. 1. 1998. s.28-42.
  • Robbins, S. P. Ve Barnwell, N. (2002). Organisation Theory - Concepts and Cases. Fourth Edition. London: Pearson Education .
  • Sharpe, R. (2000) As leaders, women rule: New studies find that female managers outshine their male counterparts in almost every measure. Business Week.
  • Taynor, J. Ve Deaux, K. (1973). When women are more deserving than men: equity, attribution, and perceived sex differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 28. S. 360-367.
  • Terborg, J.R. Ve Ilgen, D.R. (1975). A theoretical approach to sex discrimination in traditionally masculine occupations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. Vol. 13. No.3. s. 353.
  • Thomas, R., Mills, A.J. Ve Mills, J. H. (2004). Identity Politics at Work-Resisting Gender, Gendering Resistance. New York:Routledge.
  • Weiner, B., Frieze, I., Kukla, A., Reed, L., Rest, S., Ve Rosenbaum, R. M., (1971). Perceiving the causes of success and failure. New York:General Learning Press.
  • Weiner, B., Heckhausen, H., Meyer, W. Ve Cook, R.E., (1972) Causal ascriptions and achievement behavior: a conceptual analysis of effort and reanalysis of locus of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.21. No.2. s. 239-248.
  • Wirth, Linda. (2001). Breaking Through The Glass Ceiling. Geneva:International Labour Organization
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 85 - 95, 28.12.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adams, J. S.(1965). Inequity in social Exchange., Berkowitz, L. (Ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology. (s. 267-299).New York: Academic Press.
  • Akerlof, G.A. Ve Kranton, R. E.(2000). Economics and identity. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. Vol.CXV. Issue.3. s. 715-752. Baroudi, J.J. Ve Truman, G.E.(1992). Gender differences in the ınformation systems managerial ranks: an assessment of discriminatory practices. Working Paper Series, New York University, s.5.
  • Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., & Atwater, L. (1996). The transformational and transactional leadership of men and women. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 45, 5–34.
  • Bass, B. M. Ve Avolio, B. J. (1994). Shatter the glass ceiling: women may make better managers. Human Resource Management. Vol.33. No.4. s. 549-560.
  • Broadbridge, A. Ve Hearn, J.(2008). Gender and management: new directions in research and continuing patterns in practice. British Journal of Management, Vol. 19. s.43.
  • Cejka, M.A. ve Eagly, A. H., (1999). Gender-Stereotypic Images of Occupations Correspond to the Sex Segregation of Employment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.Vol.25. No.4.s. 413-415.
  • David, M.E. Ve Woodward, D. (2005). Negotiating the glass ceiling-careers of senior women in academic world. London: Falmer Press. s. 14.
  • Day, D. R. Ve Stogdill, R. M. (1972). Leader behavior of male and female supervisors: A comparative study. Personnal Psychology. No.25. s. 353-360.
  • Deaux, K. Ve Emswiller, T. (1974). Explanations of successful performance on sex-linked tasks:what ıs skill for the male ıs luck for the female. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.29, No.1, s. 80.
  • Diamond, E. E. (1971). Occupational level versus sex groups as a system of classification. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1, s. 305-315.
  • Etaugh, C. ve Brown, B. (1975). Perceiving the causes of success and failure of male and female performers. Developmental Psychology. Vol.11. No.1. s. 103.
  • Haslam, A. S. ve Ryan, M.K. (2008). The road to the glass cliff: Differences in the perceived suitability of men and women for leadership positions in succeeding and failing organizations. The Leadership Quarterly.Vol.19. Issue.5.s.530-546.
  • Leventhal, G. S. Ve Michaels, J. W. (1971). Locus of cause and equity motivation as determinants of reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.17. No.3. s. 229-235.
  • Levitin, T., Quinn, R. P. Ve Staines, G. L. (1971). Sex discrimination against the American working women. American Behavioral Scientist. No.15, s. 237-254.
  • Meece, J.L., Glienke, B.B. ve Burg, Samantha. Gender and motivation. Journal of Social Psychology. 2006. s. 351-373. Meir, E. I. (1972). Relationship between intrinsic needs and women's persistence at work. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol.56. No.4 s. 293-296.
  • Sherman, H. J. (2015). How society makes itself: the evolution of political and economic institutions. London:Routledge. Ragins, Belle R, Townsend, Bickley ve Mattis, Marry. Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling. Academy of Management Executive. Vol. 12, No. 1. 1998. s.28-42.
  • Robbins, S. P. Ve Barnwell, N. (2002). Organisation Theory - Concepts and Cases. Fourth Edition. London: Pearson Education .
  • Sharpe, R. (2000) As leaders, women rule: New studies find that female managers outshine their male counterparts in almost every measure. Business Week.
  • Taynor, J. Ve Deaux, K. (1973). When women are more deserving than men: equity, attribution, and perceived sex differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 28. S. 360-367.
  • Terborg, J.R. Ve Ilgen, D.R. (1975). A theoretical approach to sex discrimination in traditionally masculine occupations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. Vol. 13. No.3. s. 353.
  • Thomas, R., Mills, A.J. Ve Mills, J. H. (2004). Identity Politics at Work-Resisting Gender, Gendering Resistance. New York:Routledge.
  • Weiner, B., Frieze, I., Kukla, A., Reed, L., Rest, S., Ve Rosenbaum, R. M., (1971). Perceiving the causes of success and failure. New York:General Learning Press.
  • Weiner, B., Heckhausen, H., Meyer, W. Ve Cook, R.E., (1972) Causal ascriptions and achievement behavior: a conceptual analysis of effort and reanalysis of locus of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.21. No.2. s. 239-248.
  • Wirth, Linda. (2001). Breaking Through The Glass Ceiling. Geneva:International Labour Organization
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makale
Yazarlar

Elif Asoy

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Asoy, E. (2018). TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET AYRIMI VE CAM TAVAN SENDROMU ÜZERİNE OYUN TEORİSİ MODELİ: CAM TAVANIN KIRILDIĞI OYUN DENGESİ. Marmara Üniversitesi Kadın Ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 85-95.