Gevşeme Tekniklerinin Travaydaki Gebelerin Anksiyete Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma, travayda gebelere uygulanan ağrıyla doğal baş etme yöntemlerinden gevşeme, pozisyon değişikliği ve solunum egzersizinin ağrı anksiyetesi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla deneysel olarak yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma deneysel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. 30 kontrol ve 30 deney olmak üzere 60 gebe ile çalışılmıştır. Doğum eyleminin başında (latent faz) deney ve kontrol her iki gruba alınan gebelerle birebir görüşülerek tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve durumluk anksiyete ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Deney grubunda yer alan gebelere doğum eylemi ve solunum teknikleri hakkında eğitim verilmiştir. Solunum ve pozisyon değişikliği yapması ve gevşemesi konusunda gebeler desteklenmiştir. Latent faz bitmeden deney grubu gebelere durumluk anksiyete ölçeği tekrar uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubundaki gebeler doğumhanede yapılan rutin işlemler dahilindeki izleme bırakılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda verilen eğitimin etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Gebelere uygulanan ağrı hafifletme yöntemlerinin gebelerin durumluk kaygı düzeyini düşürdüğü saptanmıştır. Doğum ağrısını hafifletmek amacıyla solunum egzersizi, gevşeme ve pozisyon değişikliği gibi yöntemleri kapsayan girişimlerden önce gebelerin kaygı puan ortalamasının 59.37 iken, eğitim sonrası  35.70'e düştüğü belirlenmiş, aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.005).

Sonuç: Bu yöntemlerle ebelerin, doğuma hazırlıkları yetersiz olan gebelerin travaydaki kaygılarını azaltabileceği görülmüştür. Gebelerin doğum konusunda bilgi almaları ve bilgi alınan sağlık personelinin kaygı düzeyleri üzerine etkili olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gebelikte anksiyete,doğum ağrısı,gevşeme teknikleri

The Effects of Relaxation Technics on Anxiety Levels of Pregnants Who Are in Labor

Öz

Purpose: The research has been done experimentally with the aim of evaluating the impact of natural pain control methods, such as relaxing, changing position and breathing technics on the pain anxiety, used on mothers who give birth.

Materials and Methods: The research was designed as an experimentally study. 60 pregnant women were studied by 30 being experiment and 30 being control groups. . At the beginning of the labor (latent phase) informative knowledge form and anxiety inventory were applied to one by one conservation with the pregnant women in experiment and control groups. To the pregnant women in experiment group education on labor and breathing technics were given during the labor. Pregnant women were supported for the application of breathing, changing of position and relaxing. Anxiety inventory were applied again to pregnant women   in experiment group before end of the latent phase. The pregnant women in the control group were observed in the routine of the hospital and supportive midwifery care.

Results: At the end of the research, effectiveness of the training were evaluated. Methods which applied to pregnant women to alleviate labor pain has been found to reduce levels of anxiety. It is determined that while anxiety point average was 59.37 before the natural pain control methods such as breathing technics, relaxing and changing of position are applied in order to decrease labour pain of women who has taken part in the research, anxiety point average has fallen to 35,70  after using the methods and the difference is found meaningful statistically (p<0.005).

Conclusions: According to these results, it is designated that in the event of pregnants' preparations being insufficient, the midwife who help labour, can decrease pregnants anxiety by using these natural pain control methods. It has seen that pregnants' getting information about giving birth and the staff that they get information from have impact on the anxiety levels (p>0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety and pregnancy,pain and labor,relaxation techniques

Kaynakça

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