A Healthcare Structure as A Biophilic Design and Application Area in The Interior: Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital

Öz

Architecture started with the construction of shelters by people living in touch with nature, and over time created a barrier between nature and humans. With the development of materials, construction techniques, and technology, constructions inspired by nature and produced in touch with nature were transformed into universal architectural structures primarily dependent on geography and over time. However, human’s relationship with nature has weakened with modern architecture and modern buildings that have become widespread with similar forms. Many design concepts are intended to strengthen this bond. Biophilic design is one of these design approaches. Indeed, considering the human-nature-space relationship, it can be said that the origins of biophilic design go back to ancient times. Because, in the depths of his inner world, the connection that human establishes with nature is so strong that it reflects this individually in the built environment. The biophilic design approach argues that handling this individual effort as a whole in the whole space should be based on human experience, and the relationship between nature and space should not be established with a series of design tools. Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital, which is a healthcare structure as an indoor application area of biophilic design experiences/principles, which is one of the design approaches that try to establish the connection between nature and space, is analyzed in this study. The 14 biophilic design experiences/principles defined by Browning, Ryan, and Clancy were used as a method in the analyzes. In the conclusions section, whether these experiences/principles overlap with hospital-built designs and the applicability of biophilic design are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biophilic Design
• Interior and Biophilic Design
• Health Structure and Biophilic Design
• Nature-Based Design
• Biophilic Design, Interior and Biophilic Design, Health Structure and Biophilic Design, Nature-Based Design

İç Mekânda Biyofilik Tasarım ve Uygulama Alanı Olarak Bir Sağlık Yapısı: Memorial Bahçelievler Hastanesi

Öz

Doğanın içinde yaşayan insanın barınaklarını inşa etmesiyle başlayan mimarlık, zaman içinde doğa ile insan arasında bir bariyer oluşturmaya başlamıştır. Doğadan esinlenilen, doğa ile iç içe üretilen yapılar, malzemenin, yapım tekniklerinin ve teknolojinin gelişmesi ile öncelikle coğrafyaya bağlı, zaman içinde de evrensel mimari yapılara dönüşmüştür. Ancak modern mimari ile birbirine benzer biçimlerle yaygınlaşan modern yapılarla beraber, insanın doğa ile ilişkisi zayıflamıştır. Bu bağın güçlendirilmesine yönelik birçok tasarım anlayışı bulunmaktadır. Biyofilik tasarım da bu tasarım anlayışlarından biridir. Aslında insan-doğa-mekân ilişkisine bakıldığında biyofilik tasarımın kökenlerinin eskiye dayalı olduğu söylenebilir. Çünkü insanın içsel dünyasının derinliklerinde doğa ile kurduğu bağlantı öyle güçlüdür ki yapılı çevre içinde bunu bireysel olarak yansıtmaktadır. Biyofilik tasarım anlayışı bu bireysel çabanın tüm mekânda bir bütün olarak ele alınması, doğa ile mekân ilişkisinin bir dizi tasarım araçları ile değil, insan deneyimi üzerinden kurulması gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada doğa ile mekân bağını kurmaya çalışan tasarım anlayışlarından biri olan biyofilik tasarım deneyimlerinin/ilkelerinin iç mekânda uygulama alanı olarak bir sağlık yapısı olan Memorial Bahçelievler Hastanesi analiz edilmektedir. Yöntem olarak analizlerde Browning, Ryan ve Clancy’in tanımladığı 14 biyofilik tasarım deneyimleri/ilkeleri esas alınmıştır. Sonuçlar bölümünde bu deneyimlerin/ilkelerin hastane yapısındaki tasarımlarla örtüşüp örtüşmediği ve biyofilik tasarımının uygulanabilirliği tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyofilik Tasarım
• İç Mekân ve Biyofilik Tasarım
• Sağlık Yapısı ve Biyofilik Tasarım
• Doğa Temelli Tasarım

Kaynakça

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