Orta Doğu Barış Yapımı Süreçlerine Kadınların Katılımı

Öz

Kadınların barış anlaşmalarının müzakerelerinden ve uygulayıcı organlardan dışlanması, birçok barış anlaşmasının sıklıkla başarısız olmasının ve tarafların çatışmaya geri dönmesinin temel nedenlerinden biridir. BM Güvenlik Konseyi'nin 1325 sayılı Kadın, Barış ve Güvenlik Gündemi ve bunu izleyen dokuz Karar, devletlere çatışma yönetimi ve çözümü, barış müzakereleri ve barış operasyonları dahil olmak üzere tüm karar alma düzeylerinde kadınların katılımını teşvik etmeleri için küresel bir çerçeve sağlamıştır. Uzun süren çatışmalar ve savaşlarla boğuşan bir bölge olarak, Orta Doğu'da çatışma çözümü ve barış nadir görülen olaylardır. Bu çalışma, Orta Doğu'da sürdürülebilir barışta kadınların potansiyel rolünü ve BM'nin Kadın, Barış ve Güvenlik (KBG) Gündemi'nin katkısını tartışacaktır. Bu bağlamda, Orta Doğu barış süreçlerinin (İsrail-Filistin ve Yemen) incelenmesine dayanarak kadınların barış süreçlerine katılımıyla ilgili beklentiler ve sorunlar tartışılacaktır. Bunu yapmak için, Filistin ve Yemen'in Ulusal Eylem Planlarının (UEP) içeriği, UEP'leri geliştirmek için kullanılan süreç ve KBG gündemini uygulamak için yapılan taahhütler incelenmektedir. KBG gündeminin "katılım" ayağına özellikle dikkat edilmektedir. UEP'lerin ve iki barış sürecinin incelenmesinden elde edilen bulgular, bölgede sürdürülebilir barışı teşvik etmeye dair fikir vermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orta Doğu
• BMGK 1325
• Kadın Barış Güvenlik Gündemi

Women’s Participation in the Middle East Peace Processes

Abstract

The exclusion of women from the negotiation of peace agreements and implementing bodies is one of the key reasons why so many peace agreements often fail and parties return to conflict. UNSCR 1325 on Women, Peace and Security Agenda and nine subsequent Resolutions provided a global framework for states to encourage women's participation at all decision-making levels, including management and resolution of conflict, peace negotiations, and peace operations. As a region overwhelmed with protracted conflicts, conflict resolution and peace are rare occurrences in the Middle East. This study will discuss women’s potential role in peace processes in the Middle East and the contribution of the UN’s Women, Peace & Security (WPS) Agenda. In this context, the prospects and problems regarding women’s participation in peace processes are discussed based on the review of the Middle East peace processes with the WPS agenda (Israel-Palestine & Yemen). To do this, the content of Palestine and Yemen’s National Action Plans (NAPs), the process used to develop the NAPs, and the commitments made to implement the WPS agenda are examined. Particular attention is given to the “participation” pillar of the WPS agenda. The findings from the review of the NAPs and two peace processes give insights to promote peace in the region.

Keywords

• UNSCR 1325
• Women
• Peace and Security Agenda
• Peace process
• Middle East

Kaynakça

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