DIAGNOSING NATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE DIFFERENCES: A RESEARCH IN HOTEL ENTERPRISES

Öz

This study aimed to test whether national culture and organizational cultures were isomorphic in accommodation establishments, through Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Based on data from a survey of 142 employees from multinational hotels in Istanbul, the existence and degree of difference between national and organizational culture were tested. The new culture scores were calculated by calculation formulas derived from the mean scores of each culture dimension. The most important result of this study is the strong support of Hofstede’s assumption that is “organizations are culture-bound”. Within the scores for seven culture dimensions, a small amount of variance was found between Turkey’s national culture and hotel enterprises’ culture. Another contribution of this study is the demonstration of higher masculinity levels contrary to Hofstede’s high femininity scores. Furthermore, this study arises as an important contribution to previous scarce investigations of Turkish national and organizational culture by employing Hofstede’s culture assessment instrument.

Keywords: organizational culture, national culture, Hofstede's culture dimensions, hospitality industry, tourism, Turkey

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

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OTEL İŞLETMELERİNDEKİ ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜ İLE ULUSAL KÜLTÜR ARASINDAKİ FARKLARIN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Bu çalışma Hofstede’nin (1991) geliştirdiği kültür boyutlarını kullanarak, ulusal kültür ile örgüt kültürü arasında öne sürülen paralel yapıyı test etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Veriler Hofstede’nin geliştirdiği değerler anketi ile, İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren 142 beş yıldızlı otel çalışanından elde edilmiş ve her bir kültür boyutu için hesaplanan ortalama değerlerin kullanıldığı formüller aracılığıyla yeni kültür değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın ortaya koyduğu en önemli sonuçlardan biri ulusal kültür ile örgüt kültürü arasında Hofstede’nin de öne sürdüğü paralel yapının doğrulanması olmuştur. Bu sonuca göre, otel işletmelerinin içinde bulundukları kültürel yapıdan oldukça etkilendikleri saptanmıştır. Araştırmada öne çıkan bir diğer sonuç ise Hofstede’nin ortaya koyduğu yüksek dişilik değerlerinin aksine, yüksek erillik değerlerinin ortaya çıkmasıdır. Son olarak bu çalışma yazında yeterince ilgi görememiş bir alanı doldurmakta ve daha önce hem ulusal kültürün hem de örgüt kültürünün üstelik de Hofstede tarafından geliştirilen ölçme metoduyla ele alındığı belki de ilk çalışma olarak akademik yazına katkı sağlamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• örgüt kültürü, ulusal kültür, Hofstede kültür boyutları, konaklama endüstrisi, turizm, Türkiye

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