AKILLI ŞEHİRLERDE VATANDAŞ KATILIMI: SİSTEMATİK BİR LİTERATÜR ANALİZİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 1946 - 1966, 31.12.2021

Ezgi Seçkiner Bingöl

https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.998684

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu çalışma akıllı şehir bağlamında vatandaş katılımı olgusuna odaklanmaktadır. Akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılımını inceleyen çalışmaların önemli bir kısmı katılım mekanizmaları ve vatandaşların akıllı şehirdeki rolleri üzerinde durmakta, vatandaş katılım sürecini incelememektedir. Çalışmada Kitchenham’ın (2004) sistematik literatür incelemesi çerçevesi kullanılarak akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılım süreci analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılımı üzerine yapılmış çalışmaları inceleyerek akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılım sürecinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususları belirlemektir. 2016-2021 yılları arasında Google scholar veri tabanında sistematik bir tarama yapılarak seçilen 20 adet makale konu, yöntem, yayın türü ve yayın yılı yönlerinden analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılım sürecinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar; katılım sürecinin hedeflerini belirlemek, katılımcıların kapsamı ve seçimi, vatandaşların akıllı şehirdeki rollerini belirlemek, projelerin hazırlık aşamasında vatandaş katılımının sağlanması, paydaş analizinin yapılması ve katılımın değerlendirilmesi olmak üzere altı başlık altında toplanmıştır. Çalışma akıllı şehirlerde vatandaş katılım sürecine ilişkin açıklayıcı bir çerçeve sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

akıllı şehir, vatandaş katılımı, vatandaş katılım süreci

Kaynakça

• Albino, V., Berardi, U. ve Dangelico R. M. (2015). Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance and Initiative. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3-21.
• Ataç, B. (2020). Yerel yönetimlerde akıllı şehre geçiş sürecinin yönetimi: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi örneği, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Ateş, M. ve Önder, D. (2019). Akıllı Şehir Kavramı ve Dönüşen Anlamı Bağlamında Eleştiriler. Megaron, 14(1), 41-50.
• Babaoğlu, C. ve Memiş, L. (2009). Akıllı Kentlerin Politika Üretme Aracı Olarak Yaşam Laboratuvarları (Living Labs). Çağdaş Yerel Yönetimler Dergisi, 28(4) 23-47.
• Bingöl, E.S. (2021). Citizen Participation in Smart Sustainable Cities. In C.Babaoğlu, O. Kulaç, E. Akman (Eds.) Handbook of Research on Global Challenges for Improving Public Services and Government Operations (pp. 443-463). USA: IGI Global.
• Bednarska-Olejniczak, D., Olejniczak, J. ve Svobodová, L. (2019). Towards a Smart and Sustainable City with the Involvement of Public Participation: The Case Of Wroclaw. Sustainability, 11, 332.
• Berntzen, L., ve Johannessen, M. R. (2016a). The Role of Citizens in Smart Cities. Proceedings of the Management International Conference. University of Presov, Slovakia. Retrieved 13.04.2021 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309040628_The_Role_of_Citizens_in_Smart_Cities/stats.
• Berntzen, L., ve Johannessen, M. (2016b). The Role Of Citizen Participation in Municipal Smart City Projects: Lessons Learned From Norway. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-17620-8_1.
• Biodiversity (2021). Public Participation. Retrieved 12.08.2021 from http://www.biodiversity.ru/coastlearn/pp-eng/aims.html.
• Bishop, P. ve Davis, G. (2002). Mapping Public Participation in Policy Choice. Australian Journal of Public Administration. 1(1), 14-19.
• Byrson, J., Quick, K., Slotterback, C.S. ve Crosby, B. (2012). Designing Public Participation Processes. Public Administration Review, January-February, 23-34.
• Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C. ve Nijkamp, P., (2011). Smart Cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2), 65-82.
• Castelnovo, W. (2016). Citizens as Sensors/ Information Providers in the Co-Production of Smart City Services. In Agrifoglio, R., Caporaello, L., Magni, M., Za, S. (Eds.), Re-shaping Organizations through Digital and Social Innovation (pp.51-62), Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of ITAIS, LUISS University Press.
• Castelnovo, W., Misuraca, G. ve Savoldelli, A. (2015). Citizen’s Engagement and Value Co-Production in Smart and Sustainable Cities. Retrieved 10.04. 2021 from https://www.ippapublicpolicy.org/file/paper/1433973333.pdf.
• Cocchia, A. (2014). Smart and Digital city: A systematic literature review. In Dameri, R.P., Rosenthal-Sabroux, C., (Eds.), Smart City (pp.13-43), Springer: Cham, Switzerland.
• Cortés-Cediel ME, Cantador I. ve Bolívar MPR. (2019a). Analyzing Citizen Participation and Engagement in European Smart Cities. Social Science Computer Review. XX(X), 1-32.
• Cortés-Cediel, ME., Cantador, I., Pedro, M. ve Rodríguez-Bolivar (2019b). Urban Governance in Action: Citizen Participation in European Smart City Experiences. Retrieved 20 May 2021 from http://arantxa.ii.uam.es/~cantador//doc/2019/egov19.pdf. Craglia, M.ve Granell, C. (2014). JCR technical reports: Citizen science and smart cities. Luxembourg: EC.
• Creighton, James L. (2005). The Public Participation Handbook: Making Better Decisions Through Citizen Involvement. United States: Jossey Bass.
• Dameri, R.P. (2013), Searching for Smart City Definition: A Comprehensive Proposal. International Journal of Computers & Technology, 11(5), 2544-2551.
• EUKN (European Urban Knowledge Network), Retrieved 10.01.2020 from https://www.eukn.eu/policy-labs/policy-lab-for-cy-public-participation-in-the-development-process/general-introduction/what-is-public-participation/.
• Fung, A. (2006). Varieties of Participation in Complex Governance. Public Administration Review, 66(1), 66-75.
• Georgiadis, A., Christodoulou, P., Zinonos, Z. (2021). Citizens’ Perception of Smart Cities: A Case Study. Appl Scie, 11 (6), 2517.
• Gül A. ve Çobanoğlu Ş.A. (2017). Avrupa’da Akıllı Kent Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Çanakkale’nin Akıllı Kente Dönüşümünün Analizi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Kayfor15 Özel Sayısı, 22, 1543-1565.
• Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., ve Pichler, N. (2007). Smart cities: Ranking of European medium-sized cities. Vienna: Vienna University of Technology.
• Granier, B. and Kudo, H. (2016). How Are Citizens Involved in Smart Cities? Analysing Citizen Participation in Japanese Smart Communities. Information Polity, (21), 61-76.
• Hansen, H.S. ve Prosperi, D.C. (2005). Citizen Participation and Internet GIS-Some Recent Advances. Computers Environment and Urban Systems, 29, 617-629.
• Hollands, R. (2008). Will the Real Smart City Please Stand Up?. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Actio, 12(3), 303-320.
• IAP (2020). IAP2 Code of Ethics for Public Participation Practitioners. https://www.iap2.org/page/ethics adresinden 21.02.2021 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
• Irvin, R.A. ve Stansbury, J. (2004). Citizen Participation in Decision Making: Is it Worth The Effort?. Public Administration Review, 64(1), 55-65.
• Karaçam, Z. (2013). Sistematik Derleme Metodolojisi: Sistematik Derleme Hazırlamak İçin Bir Rehber. DEUHYO ED, 6(1), 26-33. Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for Performing Systematic Reviews. Australia: Keele University and National ICT.
• Kumar, T. M. V. (2015). E-Governance for Smart Cities. Singapore: Springer Science Businees Media.
• Lim, S., Malek, J., Hussain, M. ve Tahir,Z. (2018a). Citizen Participation in Building Citizen-Centric Smart Cities. GEOGRAFIA Malaysian Journal of Society, 14(4), 42-53.
• Lim, S., Jalaluddin, A., Hussain, Y. ve Tahir, Z. (2018b). Citizens’Characteristics and Challenges to Their Participation in Public Life in Citizen- Centric Smart Cities. e-Prosiding Persidangan Antarabangsa Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan. Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor. 164-188.
• Malek, J.A., Lim, S.B. ve Yigitcanlar, T. (2021). Social Inclusion Indicators for Building Citizen-Centric Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability 13(376) 1-29.
• Manfreda A., Ekart N., Mori M. ve Groznik A. (2020) Citizens’ Participation as an Important Element for Smart City Development, Sharma S.K., Dwivedi Y.K., Metri B., Rana N.P. (Eds), Re-imagining Diffusion and Adoption of Information Technology and Systems: A Continuing Conversation IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 618. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64861-9_25
• Memiş, L. ve Bayraktar, H. (2020). Akıllı Kentler ve Yaşam Laboratuvarları: Başakşehir Yaşam Labaratuvarı Örneğinde Bir İnceleme. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 16(4), 954-975.
• Mora, L., Deakin, M. ve Reid, A. (2019). Combining Co-Citation Clustering And Text-Based Analysis To Reveal The Main Development Paths Of Smart Cities. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang, 142, 56-69.
• Nabatchi, T.ve Leighninger, M. (2015). Public Participation for 21st Century Democracy, United States of America: Jossey- Bass. Nam, T. ve Pardo, T.A. (2011). Conceptualizing Smart City with Dimensions of Technology, People, and Institutions. In Proceedings of The 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times (pp.282-291), New York: ACM.
• Pandey, A.K. ve Pandey, P. (2020). Role of Residents in Shaping Jaipur As A Smart City. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 23(2), 57-65.
• Rowe, G. ve Frewer, L. J. (2005). A Typology of Public Engagement Mechanisms, Science, Technology & Human Values, 30(2),190-251.
• Perera, C., Zaslavsky, A., Christen, P., ve Georgakopoulos, D. (2014). Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported By Internet of Things. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 25(1), 81-93.
• Project Management Institute (2017). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 6th ed., USA: PMI.
• Przeybilovicz, E., Alexandra Cunha, M., Geertman,S. Leleux,C. Michels,A. Tomor, Z., C. William R., Webster ve Albert M. (2020). Citizen Participation in the Smart City: Findings From an International Comparative Study. Local Government Studies, 1-25.
• Sadioğlu, U. ve Dinç, B. (2019). Yaşam Boyu Öğrenme ve Akıllı Kentler. Kamu Yönetimi ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 1(1), 63-88.
• Schaffers, H., Komninos, N., Pallot, M., Trousse, B., Nilsson, M. ve Oliveira A. (2011). Smart Cities and the Future Internet: Towards Cooperation Frameworks for Open Innovation. The Future Internet, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci., 6656, 431-446.
• Simonofski, E. S. Asensio, J. De Smedt ve M. Snoeck (2017). Citizen Participation in Smart Cities: Evaluation Framework Proposal, 2017 IEEE 19th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 227-236, doi: 10.1109/CBI.2017.21.
• Simonofski, A., Serral, E. ve Yves, A. (2019a). Citizen Participation in The Design of Smart Cities: Methods and Management Framework. Smart Cities Issues and Challenges, 47-62.
• Simonofski, A., Serral A. ve De Smedt. (2019b). Hearing the voice of citizens in smart city design: The CitiVoice framework. Bus Inf Syst Eng, 61, 665-678 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-018-0547-z.
• Simonofski, A., Valle, T., Serral, E. ve Wautelet, Y. (2021). Investigating Context Factor in Citizen Participation Strategies: A Comparative Analysis of Swedish and Belgian Smart Cities. International Journal of Information Management. 56, 1-10.
• Tadili J. ve Fasly H. (2020). General Smart City Experts’ Perceptions of Citizen Participation: A Questionnaire Survey, Ben Ahmed M., Boudhir A., Santos D., El Aroussi M., Karas İ. (Eds), Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Edition 3. Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure, Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37629-1_1
• Tomor, Z. (2020). Citizens in the Smart City: What is actually happening? An in-depth case study from Utrecht, the Netherlands. International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age (IJPADA), 7(1), 1-16.
• Uçar Kocaoğlu, B. (2017). Vatandaş Katılımı Sürecı̇nı̇n Tasarımı. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 41-60.
• Vaishampayan, R. ve Jadhav, T. (2020). Enhancing Citizen Engagement in Smart Cities Mission in India Shrutı. Nagarlok II(4), October-December.
• Varol, Ç. (2017). Sürdürülebilir Gelişmede Akıllı Kent Yaklaşımı: Ankara’daki Belediyelerin Uygulamaları. Çağdaş Yerel Yönetimler, 26(1),43-58.
• Verba, S. ve Nie, N.H. (1987). Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equity. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
• Webster, CWR. ve Leleux, C. (2018). Smart Governance: Opportunities for Technologically-Mediated Citizen Co-Production. Information Polity, 23(1), 95-110. Xu H. ve Zhu W. (2020). Evaluating the Impact Mechanism of Citizen Participation on Citizen Satisfaction in a Smart City. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. December. doi:10.1177/2399808320980746
• Yavuz, N. (2019). Yerel Yönetimlerde Doğrudan Vatandaş Katılımı, B.U Kocaoglu (Ed.), Kamu Yönetiminde Doğrudan Vatandaş Katılımı (s.117-132), Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.
• Yigitcanlar, T. ve Baum, S. (2008). Benchmarking Local E-Government, A. V. Anttiroiko (Ed.), Electronic government: concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications (pp. 371-378). USA: IGI Global.