Araştırma Makalesi
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The effect of perceived psychological safety on employee voice: A study on bank employees

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4, 1779 - 1793
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1517954

Öz

The fundamental problem of this research is whether the perception of psychological safety has an impact on employee voice. The effect of psychological safety on employee voice is discussed in line with the social exchange theory on which both variables are theoretically based. Due to the limited studies in the literature on the interaction between psychological safety and employee voice, and the absence of research conducted specifically in the context of bank employees, this study is considered significant for its potential contribution to the national literature. Studies in the literature emphasize the importance of employee voice, but also indicate the need to explore the psychological mechanisms that encourage employee voice. The purpose of this quantitatively and empirically designed study is to determine the effect of the perception of psychological safety on employee voice behavior. For this purpose, 485 bank employees working in public and private banks operating in Istanbul constituted the sample of the study. According to the results obtained through structural equation modeling, it was determined that psychological safety has a positive and significant effect on employee voice. The results of the research are expected to contribute to future research designs for researchers interested in the topic and to guide organizations and managers aiming to gain a competitive advantage by enhancing their employees’ psychological safety and encouraging them to engage in voice behavior.

Kaynakça

  • Aguirre-Urreta, M. I., & Hu, J. (2019). Detecting common method bias. The DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 50(2), 45-70. Ahmad, İ., & Umrani, W.A. (2019). The impact of ethical leadership style on job satisfaction: Mediating role of perception of Green HRM and psychological safety. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(5), 534-547.
  • Cheng, J. W., Shu-Ching C., Jyh-Huei K., & Kuo-Ming L. (2014). Social relations and voice behavior: the mediating role of psychological safety. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 11, 130-140.
  • Çetin, Ş., & Çakmakçı, C. (2012). Çalışan sesliliği ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 22(2), 1-19.
  • Derin, N. (2017). İşyerinde kişiler arası güven ile işgören sesliliği arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik rahatlığın aracılık rolü. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(30), 51-68.
  • Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
  • Edmondson, A. C., & Lei, Z. (2014). Psychological safety: the history, renaissance, and future of an interpersonal construct. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 23-43.
  • Eggers, J. (2011). Psychological safety infuences relationship behaviour.
  • Elsaied, M.M. (2019). Supportive leadership, proactive personality and employee voice behavior: The mediating role of psychological safety. American Journal of Business, 34(1), 2-18.
  • Erdem, A. T. (2021). Örgütsel etik iklim algısının çalışan sesliliği davranışına etkisinde psikolojik güvenliğin aracı etkisi: vakıf üniversitelerine yönelik bir araştırma. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 24(1), 57-70.
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1-7.
  • Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1-7.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2021). IBM SPSS statistics 27 step by step: a simple guide and reference. Taylor & Francis.
  • Gürbüz, S. & Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hirschman, A. O. (1970). Exit, voice, and loyalty: responses to decline in firms organizations and states. Harvard University Press.
  • Huang, Y., Yu, H., Sharma, A. & Zhang, Z. (2024). A multilevel investigation of the impact of error management culture on restaurant employee voice. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 36(9), 3016-3031.
  • Joanes, D. N. & Gill, C. A. (1998). Comparing measures of sample skewness and kurtosis. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician), 47, 183-189.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Karagöz, Y. (2017). Spss ve Amos uygulamalı nicel-nitel-karma bilimsel araştırma. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kerse, G., Koçak, D., & Özdemir, Ş. (2024). How humble leadership influences employee voice: The roles of psychological safety and work engagement. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 68(3), 111–123.
  • Kessel, M., Kratzer, J., & Schultz, C. (2012). Psychological safety, knowledge sharing, and creative performance in healthcare teams. Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(2), 147-157.
  • Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: a full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJeC), 11(4), 1-10.
  • Lee, J., Loretta Kim, S., & Yun, S. (2021). Encouraging employee voice: coworker knowledge sharing, psychological safety, and promotion focus. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(5), 1044–1069.
  • Li, J., Xia, Y., Ji, C. & Li, H. (2024). How does leader emotional labor influence employee voice: the mediating roles of psychological safety and perceived voice efficacy. Chinese Management Studies, 18(6), 1898-1917.
  • Liang, J., Farh, C. I., & Farh, J. L. (2012). Psychological antecedents of promotive and prohibitive voice, a two-wave examination. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 71-73.
  • Liu, S., Hu, J., Li, Y., Wang, Z., & Lin, X. (2014). Examining the cross-level relationship between shared leadership and learning in teams evidence from China. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 282-295.
  • Miao, R., Lu, L., Cao, Y., & Du, Q. (2020). The high-performance work system, employee voice, and innovative behavior: the moderating role of psychological safety. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1150.
  • Mir, A. A., Farooq, S., & Khan, S. (2022). Relationship between employee voice and leader member exchange (lmx): a review. UGC Care Journal, 45(1), 37-49.
  • Morrison, E. W. (2011). Employee voice behavior: integration and directions for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 373-412.
  • Nergiz, H. G. (2015). Otel işletmelerinde hata yönetiminin psikolojik güvenlik, örgütsel performans ve örgütsel öğrenme üzerindeki etkisi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 26(2), 218-232.
  • Özdemir, L., & Uğur, S. (2013). Çalışanların örgütsel ses ve sessizlik algılamalarının demografik nitelikler açısından değerlendirilmesi: kamu ve özel sektörde bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 27(1), 257-281.
  • Pauksztat, B., Steglich, C., & Wittek, C. (2011). Who speaks up to whom? a relational approach to employee voice. Social Networks, 33(4), 303-316.
  • Paulet, R., Holland, P., & Bratton, A. (2021). Employee voice: the missing factor in sustainable hrm? Sustainability, 13(17), 1-16.
  • Qi, Y & Ming-Xia, L. (2014). Ethical leadership, organizational identification and employee voice: examining moderated mediation process in the Chinese insurance industry. Asia Pacific Business Review, 20(2), 231-248.
  • Sağnak, M. (2017). Ethical leadership and teachers voice behavior: the mediating roles of ethical culture and psychological safety. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17(4), 1101-1117.
  • Schaubroeck, J., Simon, L., & Ann C. P. (2011). Cognition-based and affect-based trust as mediators of leader behavior influences on team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 863-879.
  • Siemsen, E., Aleda, V. R., Balasubramanian, S., & Anand, G. (2009). The influence of psychological safety and confidence in knowledge on employee knowledge sharing. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 11(3), 429-447.
  • Soyalın, M. (2019). Örgütsel etik iklim, psikolojik güvenlik, güç mesafesi yönelimi ve çalışan sesliliği davranışı arasındaki ilişkiler [Doktora tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2018). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.), Pearson.
  • Teo, T., Tsai, L. T. & Yang, C. C. (2023). Applying SEM in educational research. In M. S. Khine (Ed.), Application of structural equation modeling in educational research and practice (ss. 3-21). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
  • Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (2023). https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/4
  • Van Dyne, L., & Le Pine, & J. A. (1998). Helping and voice extra-role behaviors: evidence of construct and predictive validity. Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 108-119.
  • Van Dyne, L., Ang, S. & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392.
  • Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behavior: mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(5), 1275-1286.
  • Yang, G. & Ji, Y. & Xu, Q. (2021). Does Zhongyong thinking affect voice behavior? The mediating role of psychological safety. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 49(8), 1-8.
  • Yang, G. & Wang, L. (2020). Workplace fun and voice behavior: The mediating role of psychological safety. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(11), 1-8.
  • Yavuz, A. (2021). Birey-örgüt uyumu, psikolojik sahiplenme, işgören sesliliği ve motivasyon araçları ilişkisi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma [Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.

Algılanan psikolojik güvenliğin çalışan sesliliği üzerindeki etkisi: Banka çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4, 1779 - 1793
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1517954

Öz

Bu araştırmanın temel problemi, psikolojik güvenlik algısının çalışan sesliliği üzerinde etkisinin olup olmadığıdır. Psikolojik güvenliğin çalışan sesliliği üzerindeki etkisi, her iki değişkenin de kuramsal olarak dayandırıldığı sosyal mübadele kuramı doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır. Literatürde psikolojik güvenlik ve çalışan sesliliği etkileşimi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sınırlı oluşu ve banka çalışanları evreninde ele alınmış bir araştırmaya rastlanmamış olması nedeniyle araştırma özellikle ulusal literatüre katkı sağlaması açısından önemli görülmektedir. Literatürde var olan çalışmalar, çalışan sesliliğinin önemini vurgulamakla birlikte çalışan sesliliğini teşvik eden psikolojik mekanizmaların da keşfedilmesinin gerekliliğini belirtmektedir. Nicel ve görgül olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik güvenlik algısının çalışan sesliliği davranışı üzerindekini etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren kamu ve özel bankalarda çalışmakta olan 485 banka çalışanı araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Yapısal eşitlik modeli aracılığıyla elde edilen sonuçlara göre psikolojik güvenliğin çalışan sesliliği üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarının konuya ilgi duyan araştırmacılara gelecekte yapacakları araştırma tasarımları noktasında; ayrıca rekabet avantajı elde etmek isteyen örgüt ve örgüt yöneticilerine ise çalışanlarının psikolojik güvenliklerini artırma ve onların seslilik davranışlarında bulunmalarını sağlama noktasında yol göstererek katkı sunması beklenmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Araştırma süreci ve veri toplama esnasında etik kurallara riayet edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aguirre-Urreta, M. I., & Hu, J. (2019). Detecting common method bias. The DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 50(2), 45-70. Ahmad, İ., & Umrani, W.A. (2019). The impact of ethical leadership style on job satisfaction: Mediating role of perception of Green HRM and psychological safety. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(5), 534-547.
  • Cheng, J. W., Shu-Ching C., Jyh-Huei K., & Kuo-Ming L. (2014). Social relations and voice behavior: the mediating role of psychological safety. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 11, 130-140.
  • Çetin, Ş., & Çakmakçı, C. (2012). Çalışan sesliliği ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 22(2), 1-19.
  • Derin, N. (2017). İşyerinde kişiler arası güven ile işgören sesliliği arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik rahatlığın aracılık rolü. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(30), 51-68.
  • Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
  • Edmondson, A. C., & Lei, Z. (2014). Psychological safety: the history, renaissance, and future of an interpersonal construct. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 23-43.
  • Eggers, J. (2011). Psychological safety infuences relationship behaviour.
  • Elsaied, M.M. (2019). Supportive leadership, proactive personality and employee voice behavior: The mediating role of psychological safety. American Journal of Business, 34(1), 2-18.
  • Erdem, A. T. (2021). Örgütsel etik iklim algısının çalışan sesliliği davranışına etkisinde psikolojik güvenliğin aracı etkisi: vakıf üniversitelerine yönelik bir araştırma. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 24(1), 57-70.
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1-7.
  • Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1-7.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2021). IBM SPSS statistics 27 step by step: a simple guide and reference. Taylor & Francis.
  • Gürbüz, S. & Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hirschman, A. O. (1970). Exit, voice, and loyalty: responses to decline in firms organizations and states. Harvard University Press.
  • Huang, Y., Yu, H., Sharma, A. & Zhang, Z. (2024). A multilevel investigation of the impact of error management culture on restaurant employee voice. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 36(9), 3016-3031.
  • Joanes, D. N. & Gill, C. A. (1998). Comparing measures of sample skewness and kurtosis. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician), 47, 183-189.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Karagöz, Y. (2017). Spss ve Amos uygulamalı nicel-nitel-karma bilimsel araştırma. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kerse, G., Koçak, D., & Özdemir, Ş. (2024). How humble leadership influences employee voice: The roles of psychological safety and work engagement. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 68(3), 111–123.
  • Kessel, M., Kratzer, J., & Schultz, C. (2012). Psychological safety, knowledge sharing, and creative performance in healthcare teams. Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(2), 147-157.
  • Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: a full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJeC), 11(4), 1-10.
  • Lee, J., Loretta Kim, S., & Yun, S. (2021). Encouraging employee voice: coworker knowledge sharing, psychological safety, and promotion focus. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(5), 1044–1069.
  • Li, J., Xia, Y., Ji, C. & Li, H. (2024). How does leader emotional labor influence employee voice: the mediating roles of psychological safety and perceived voice efficacy. Chinese Management Studies, 18(6), 1898-1917.
  • Liang, J., Farh, C. I., & Farh, J. L. (2012). Psychological antecedents of promotive and prohibitive voice, a two-wave examination. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 71-73.
  • Liu, S., Hu, J., Li, Y., Wang, Z., & Lin, X. (2014). Examining the cross-level relationship between shared leadership and learning in teams evidence from China. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 282-295.
  • Miao, R., Lu, L., Cao, Y., & Du, Q. (2020). The high-performance work system, employee voice, and innovative behavior: the moderating role of psychological safety. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1150.
  • Mir, A. A., Farooq, S., & Khan, S. (2022). Relationship between employee voice and leader member exchange (lmx): a review. UGC Care Journal, 45(1), 37-49.
  • Morrison, E. W. (2011). Employee voice behavior: integration and directions for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 373-412.
  • Nergiz, H. G. (2015). Otel işletmelerinde hata yönetiminin psikolojik güvenlik, örgütsel performans ve örgütsel öğrenme üzerindeki etkisi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 26(2), 218-232.
  • Özdemir, L., & Uğur, S. (2013). Çalışanların örgütsel ses ve sessizlik algılamalarının demografik nitelikler açısından değerlendirilmesi: kamu ve özel sektörde bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 27(1), 257-281.
  • Pauksztat, B., Steglich, C., & Wittek, C. (2011). Who speaks up to whom? a relational approach to employee voice. Social Networks, 33(4), 303-316.
  • Paulet, R., Holland, P., & Bratton, A. (2021). Employee voice: the missing factor in sustainable hrm? Sustainability, 13(17), 1-16.
  • Qi, Y & Ming-Xia, L. (2014). Ethical leadership, organizational identification and employee voice: examining moderated mediation process in the Chinese insurance industry. Asia Pacific Business Review, 20(2), 231-248.
  • Sağnak, M. (2017). Ethical leadership and teachers voice behavior: the mediating roles of ethical culture and psychological safety. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17(4), 1101-1117.
  • Schaubroeck, J., Simon, L., & Ann C. P. (2011). Cognition-based and affect-based trust as mediators of leader behavior influences on team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 863-879.
  • Siemsen, E., Aleda, V. R., Balasubramanian, S., & Anand, G. (2009). The influence of psychological safety and confidence in knowledge on employee knowledge sharing. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 11(3), 429-447.
  • Soyalın, M. (2019). Örgütsel etik iklim, psikolojik güvenlik, güç mesafesi yönelimi ve çalışan sesliliği davranışı arasındaki ilişkiler [Doktora tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2018). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.), Pearson.
  • Teo, T., Tsai, L. T. & Yang, C. C. (2023). Applying SEM in educational research. In M. S. Khine (Ed.), Application of structural equation modeling in educational research and practice (ss. 3-21). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
  • Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (2023). https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/4
  • Van Dyne, L., & Le Pine, & J. A. (1998). Helping and voice extra-role behaviors: evidence of construct and predictive validity. Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 108-119.
  • Van Dyne, L., Ang, S. & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392.
  • Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behavior: mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(5), 1275-1286.
  • Yang, G. & Ji, Y. & Xu, Q. (2021). Does Zhongyong thinking affect voice behavior? The mediating role of psychological safety. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 49(8), 1-8.
  • Yang, G. & Wang, L. (2020). Workplace fun and voice behavior: The mediating role of psychological safety. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(11), 1-8.
  • Yavuz, A. (2021). Birey-örgüt uyumu, psikolojik sahiplenme, işgören sesliliği ve motivasyon araçları ilişkisi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma [Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Endüstriyel ve Örgütsel Psikoloji (İnsan Faktörleri Dahil), İşletme
Bölüm İŞLETME
Yazarlar

Halid Tunç 0000-0002-1614-4223

Abdullah Yılmaz 0000-0002-7443-6064

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 11 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Tunç, H., & Yılmaz, A. (2024). Algılanan psikolojik güvenliğin çalışan sesliliği üzerindeki etkisi: Banka çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 14(4), 1779-1793. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1517954