ANALYSING THE SECTORS IN TERMS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT: AHP, TOPSIS AND EDAS APPROACH

Öz

Total Quality Management (TQM) has become a critical managerial approach for businesses seeking to gain a competitive advantage in increasingly dynamic and globalized markets. In environments characterized by intense competition, enhancing job performance and employee satisfaction is essential for organizational sustainability. As such, TQM serves as a strategic framework aimed at embedding quality into every aspect of organizational operations. This study aims to evaluate the quality management performance of six major economic sectors in Türkiye for the year 2022, based on data published in 2023 by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). The evaluation is conducted using an integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach that employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to weight the criteria and utilizes the TOPSIS and EDAS methods for sectoral performance ranking. The criteria selected for the analysis include production value, number of employees, productivity (calculated as production value per employee), turnover, and number of enterprises. According to the AHP results, production value (0.5208) and number of employees (0.2495) emerged as the most influential criteria in determining quality performance. The consistency of the AHP decision matrix was validated with a consistency ratio (CR) of 0.0993, ensuring the methodological reliability of the weighting process. The sectoral rankings obtained from both TOPSIS and EDAS methods showed strong alignment. In both evaluations, the industrial sector demonstrated the highest quality management performance, indicating its strong capacity in terms of output, workforce size, and structured quality practices. Conversely, the construction sector consistently ranked lowest, revealing significant deficiencies in quality implementation and highlighting the need for targeted improvement strategies and comprehensive project management reforms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sectoral Evaluation
• Total Quality Management
• Multi-Criteria Decision Making
• AHP
• TOPSIS
• EDAS

SEKTÖRLERİN KALİTE YÖNETİMİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: AHP, TOPSIS VE EDAS YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Toplam Kalite Yönetimi (TKY), küreselleşen ve dinamik hale gelen piyasa koşullarında rekabet avantajı elde etmek isteyen işletmeler için kritik bir yönetim yaklaşımı haline gelmiştir. Yoğun rekabet ortamında işletmelerin sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayabilmesi için iş performansını ve çalışan memnuniyetini artırması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda TKY, organizasyonel süreçlerin her aşamasına kalite anlayışını yerleştirmeyi hedefleyen stratejik bir çerçeve olarak önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren altı temel ekonomik sektörün 2022 yılına ait kalite yönetimi performanslarını, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) tarafından 2023 yılında yayımlanan veriler temelinde değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Değerlendirme, kriter ağırlıklandırmasında Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) ve performans sıralamasında TOPSIS ile EDAS yöntemlerini içeren bütünleşik bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yaklaşımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizde kullanılan kriterler; üretim değeri, çalışan sayısı, verimlilik (üretim değeri/çalışan sayısı), ciro ve girişim sayısıdır. AHP yöntemiyle yapılan ağırlıklandırma sonuçlarına göre, kalite performansını belirlemede en etkili iki kriterin üretim değeri (0.5208) ve çalışan sayısı (0.2495) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Karar matrisinin tutarlılığı, 0.0993’lük tutarlılık oranı (CR) ile doğrulanmış ve yöntemin metodolojik güvenilirliği sağlanmıştır. TOPSIS ve EDAS yöntemleriyle elde edilen sektör sıralamaları büyük ölçüde örtüşmektedir. Her iki analizde de sanayi sektörü, en yüksek kalite yönetimi performansını sergileyerek; üretim hacmi, iş gücü büyüklüğü ve sistematik kalite uygulamaları açısından güçlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşılık, her iki yöntemde de inşaat sektörü en düşük sırada yer almış ve bu durum, sektörde kalite yönetimi uygulamalarının yetersizliğini ve kapsamlı iyileştirme stratejilerine olan ihtiyacı ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sektörel Değerlendirme
• Toplam Kalite Yönetimi
• Çok Kriterli Karar Verme
• AHP
• TOPSIS
• EDAS

Kaynakça

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