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DETERMINANTS OF SME AND MICRO BUSINESS LOANS’ SHARE IN DEPOSIT BANKS: THE EFFECT OF BANK SIZE, RISK AND SOFT INFORMATION

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 361 - 375, 03.07.2024

Mustafa Çelik

https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1447558

Öz

The aim of this study is to reveal bank-specific determinants of SME and micro business loans’ share in deposit banks. In this context, by using quarterly banking data between 2010:Q1- 2023:Q2, relationship between banks' SME/micro business loan shares and various characteristics of banks is unveiled through panel regression analysis. According to the results, bank size, liquidity, asset quality, number of branches and number of bank staff are the determinants of the SME and micro business loans’ share in Turkish banks. The study presents results that are not in line with the large bank-large firm/small bank-small firm pairing in the literature and demonstrates the importance of the soft information in SME/micro business lending.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Small Business Loans Micro Business Loans Bank Loan Composition Soft Information

Kaynakça

  • Akinsola, F., & Ikhide, S. (2019). Bank Lending to Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and Business Cycle in South Africa After the Global Financial Crisis. The Journal of Developing Areas, 53(1), 79-94.
  • Beaumont, P., Tang, H., & Vansteenberghe, E. (2022). Collateral Effects: The Role of Fintech in Small Business Lending. EUROFIDAI-ESSEC Paris December Finance Meeting (15 December 2022).
  • Behr, P., Foos, D., & Norden, L. (2017). Cyclicality of SME Lending and Government Involvement in Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 77, 64-77.
  • Ben-David, I., Johnson, M. J., & Stulz, R. M. (2021). Why Did Small Business Fintech Lending Dry Up During the COVID-19 Crisis?. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper. Retrieved April 28, 2024, from https://www.nber.org/papers/w29205
  • Berger, A. N., & Black, L. K. (2011). Bank Size, Lending Technologies, and Small Business Finance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 35(3), 724-735.
  • Berger, A. N., Kashyap, A. K., & Scalise, J. M. (1995). The Transformation of the US Banking Industry: What a Long, Strange Trip It’s Been. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 55-218.
  • Berger, A. N., Klapper, L. F., & Udell, G. F. (2001). The Ability of Banks to Lend to Informationally Opaque Small Business. Journal of Banking & Finance, 25, 2127-2167.
  • Berger, A. N., Saunders, A., Scalise, J. M., & Udell, G. F. (1998). The Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions on Small Business Lending. Journal of Financial Economics, 50(2), 187-229.
  • Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (1995). Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance. Journal of Business, 68(3), 351-381.
  • Brancati, E. (2015). Innovation Financing and the Role of Relationship Lending for SMEs. Small Business Economics, 44, 449-473.
  • Carter, D. A., & McNulty, J. E. (2005). Deregulation, Technological Change, and the Business-Lending Performance of Large and Small Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 29(5), 1113-1130.
  • Chen, Y., Huang, R. J., Tsai, J., & Tzeng, L. Y. (2015). Soft Information and Small Business Lending. Journal of Financial Services Research, 47, 115-133.
  • Cornelli, G., Frost, J., Gambacorta, L., & Jagtiani, J. (2022). The Impact of Fintech Lending on Credit Access for U.S. Small Businesses. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia Research Department Working Paper, WP-22-14.
  • Cotugno, M., Stefano, M., & Sampagnaro, G. (2012). Relationship Lending, Hierarchical Distance and Credit Tightening: Evidence from the 2007–09 Financial Crisis. Bocconi School of Management Working Paper.
  • Del Gaudio, B. L., Griffiths, M. D., & Sampagnaro, G. (2020). Soft Information Production in SME Lending. The Journal of Financial Research, 43, 121-151.
  • DeYoung, R., Frame, W. S., Glennon, D., & Nigro, P. (2011). The Information Revolution and Small Business Lending: The Missing Evidence. Journal of Financial Services Research, 39, 19-33.
  • DeYoung, R., Gron, A., Torna, G., & Winton, A. (2015). Risk Overhang and Loan Portfolio Decisions: Small Business Loan Supply Before and During the Financial Crisis. The Journal of Finance, 70(6), 2541-2488.
  • DeYoung, R., Hunter, W. C., & Udell, G. F. (2004). The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks. Journal of Financial Services Research, 25, 85-133.
  • Grunert, J., & Norden, L. (2011). Bargaining Power and Information in SME Lending. Small Business Economics, 39, 401-417.
  • Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2020). Temel Ekonometri (4th ed.). (Ü. Şenesen & G. G. Şenesen, Trans.). İstanbul: Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • Güriş, S. (2018). Panel Veri Modelleri. In S. Güriş (Ed.), Uygulamalı Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (pp. 3-39). İstanbul: Der Yayınları.
  • Harrison, R., Li, Y., Vigne, S. A., & Wu, Y. (2022). Why Do Small Businesses Have Difficulty in Accessing Bank Financing?. International Review of Financial Analysis, 84, 102352.
  • Hernández-Cánovas, G., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2010). Relationship Lending and SME Financing in the Continental European Bank-Based System. Small Business Economics, 34, 465-482.
  • Jayaratne, J., & Wolken, J. (1999). How Important are Small Banks to Small Business Lending?: New Evidence From a Survey of Small Firms. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(2), 427-458.
  • Jimenéz, G., Ogena, S., Peydró, J. L., & Saurina, J. (2012). Credit Supply Versus Demand: Bank and Firm Balance-Sheet Channels in Good and Bad Times. European Banking Center Discussion Paper 2012-003.
  • Keeton, W. R. (1995). Multi-Office Bank Lending to Small Businesses: Some New Evidence. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Review, 80(2), 45-57.
  • Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki İşletmeler Yönetmeliği. (2023). T.C. Resmi Gazete (32201, 25 May 2023).
  • Lenihan, H., Andréosso-O’Callaghan, B., & Hart, M. (2010). SMEs in a Globalised World: Survival and Growth Strategies on Europe’s Geographical Periphery. London: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Mills, K. G., & McCarthy, B. (2017). The State of Small Business Lending: Innovation and Technology and the Implications for Regulation. Harvard Business School Working Paper, WP 17-042.
  • Mkhaiber, A., & Werner, R. (2021). The Relationship Between Bank Size and the Propensity to Lend to Small Firms: New Empirical Evidence from a Large Sample. Journal of International Money and Finance, 110, 102281.
  • Sääskilahti, J. (2016). Local Bank Competition and Small Business Lending After the Onset of the Financial Crisis. Journal of Banking & Finance, 69, 37-51.
  • Shikumo, D. H., & Mirie, M. (2016). Determinants of Lending to Small and Medium Enterprises by Commercial Banks in Kenya. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(4), 57-63.
  • Strahan, P. E., & Weston, J. (1996). Small Business Lending and Bank Consolidation: Is There Cause for Concern?. Current Issues in Economics and Finance Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2, 1-6.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (2023). Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki Girişim İstatistikleri, 2022. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Haber Bülteni, 49438. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Kucuk-ve-Orta-Buyuklukteki-Girisim-Istatistikleri-2022-49438
  • Veugelers, R. (2008). The Role of SMEs in Innovation in the EU: A Case for Policy Intervention?. Review of Business and Economics, 53(3), 239-262.
  • Udell, G. F. (1998). The Consolidation of the Banking Industry and Small Business Lending. In Y. Amihud & G. Miller (Eds.), Bank Mergers & Acquisitions (pp. 221-235). Boston: Springer.
  • Ün, T. (2018). Panel Veri Modellerinin Varsayımlarının Testi. In S. Güriş (Ed.), Uygulamalı Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (pp. 75-101). İstanbul: Der Yayınları.
  • Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2016). Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (3rd ed.). İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi.
  • Yudaruddin, R. (2020). Determinants of Micro-, Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise

MEVDUAT BANKALARINDA KOBİ VE MİKRO İŞLETME KREDİLERİ PAYININ BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: BANKA BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ, RİSK VE YUMUŞAK BİLGİ ETKİSİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 361 - 375, 03.07.2024

Mustafa Çelik

https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1447558

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, mevduat bankalarında KOBİ ve mikro işletme kredileri payının bankaya özgü belirleyicilerini tespit etmektir. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’deki mevduat bankalarının 2010:1. çeyrek - 2023:2. çeyrek arası dönemdeki verileri kullanılmış ve bankaların KOBİ/mikro işletme kredisi payları ile çeşitli banka özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler panel regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre banka büyüklüğü, sermaye yeterliliği, likidite durumu, aktif kalitesi, şube sayısı ile personel sayısının bankalarda KOBİ ve mikro işletme kredisi payları için belirleyiciler olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma, literatürdeki büyük banka-büyük işletme / küçük banka-küçük işletme eşleşmesi ile paralel olmayan sonuçlar sunmakta ve KOBİ/mikro işletme kredilerinde yumuşak bilginin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

KOBİ Kredileri Mikro İşletme Kredileri Banka Kredi Dağılımı Yumuşak Bilgi.

Kaynakça

  • Akinsola, F., & Ikhide, S. (2019). Bank Lending to Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and Business Cycle in South Africa After the Global Financial Crisis. The Journal of Developing Areas, 53(1), 79-94.
  • Beaumont, P., Tang, H., & Vansteenberghe, E. (2022). Collateral Effects: The Role of Fintech in Small Business Lending. EUROFIDAI-ESSEC Paris December Finance Meeting (15 December 2022).
  • Behr, P., Foos, D., & Norden, L. (2017). Cyclicality of SME Lending and Government Involvement in Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 77, 64-77.
  • Ben-David, I., Johnson, M. J., & Stulz, R. M. (2021). Why Did Small Business Fintech Lending Dry Up During the COVID-19 Crisis?. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper. Retrieved April 28, 2024, from https://www.nber.org/papers/w29205
  • Berger, A. N., & Black, L. K. (2011). Bank Size, Lending Technologies, and Small Business Finance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 35(3), 724-735.
  • Berger, A. N., Kashyap, A. K., & Scalise, J. M. (1995). The Transformation of the US Banking Industry: What a Long, Strange Trip It’s Been. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 55-218.
  • Berger, A. N., Klapper, L. F., & Udell, G. F. (2001). The Ability of Banks to Lend to Informationally Opaque Small Business. Journal of Banking & Finance, 25, 2127-2167.
  • Berger, A. N., Saunders, A., Scalise, J. M., & Udell, G. F. (1998). The Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions on Small Business Lending. Journal of Financial Economics, 50(2), 187-229.
  • Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (1995). Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance. Journal of Business, 68(3), 351-381.
  • Brancati, E. (2015). Innovation Financing and the Role of Relationship Lending for SMEs. Small Business Economics, 44, 449-473.
  • Carter, D. A., & McNulty, J. E. (2005). Deregulation, Technological Change, and the Business-Lending Performance of Large and Small Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 29(5), 1113-1130.
  • Chen, Y., Huang, R. J., Tsai, J., & Tzeng, L. Y. (2015). Soft Information and Small Business Lending. Journal of Financial Services Research, 47, 115-133.
  • Cornelli, G., Frost, J., Gambacorta, L., & Jagtiani, J. (2022). The Impact of Fintech Lending on Credit Access for U.S. Small Businesses. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia Research Department Working Paper, WP-22-14.
  • Cotugno, M., Stefano, M., & Sampagnaro, G. (2012). Relationship Lending, Hierarchical Distance and Credit Tightening: Evidence from the 2007–09 Financial Crisis. Bocconi School of Management Working Paper.
  • Del Gaudio, B. L., Griffiths, M. D., & Sampagnaro, G. (2020). Soft Information Production in SME Lending. The Journal of Financial Research, 43, 121-151.
  • DeYoung, R., Frame, W. S., Glennon, D., & Nigro, P. (2011). The Information Revolution and Small Business Lending: The Missing Evidence. Journal of Financial Services Research, 39, 19-33.
  • DeYoung, R., Gron, A., Torna, G., & Winton, A. (2015). Risk Overhang and Loan Portfolio Decisions: Small Business Loan Supply Before and During the Financial Crisis. The Journal of Finance, 70(6), 2541-2488.
  • DeYoung, R., Hunter, W. C., & Udell, G. F. (2004). The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks. Journal of Financial Services Research, 25, 85-133.
  • Grunert, J., & Norden, L. (2011). Bargaining Power and Information in SME Lending. Small Business Economics, 39, 401-417.
  • Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2020). Temel Ekonometri (4th ed.). (Ü. Şenesen & G. G. Şenesen, Trans.). İstanbul: Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • Güriş, S. (2018). Panel Veri Modelleri. In S. Güriş (Ed.), Uygulamalı Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (pp. 3-39). İstanbul: Der Yayınları.
  • Harrison, R., Li, Y., Vigne, S. A., & Wu, Y. (2022). Why Do Small Businesses Have Difficulty in Accessing Bank Financing?. International Review of Financial Analysis, 84, 102352.
  • Hernández-Cánovas, G., & Martínez-Solano, P. (2010). Relationship Lending and SME Financing in the Continental European Bank-Based System. Small Business Economics, 34, 465-482.
  • Jayaratne, J., & Wolken, J. (1999). How Important are Small Banks to Small Business Lending?: New Evidence From a Survey of Small Firms. Journal of Banking & Finance, 23(2), 427-458.
  • Jimenéz, G., Ogena, S., Peydró, J. L., & Saurina, J. (2012). Credit Supply Versus Demand: Bank and Firm Balance-Sheet Channels in Good and Bad Times. European Banking Center Discussion Paper 2012-003.
  • Keeton, W. R. (1995). Multi-Office Bank Lending to Small Businesses: Some New Evidence. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Review, 80(2), 45-57.
  • Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki İşletmeler Yönetmeliği. (2023). T.C. Resmi Gazete (32201, 25 May 2023).
  • Lenihan, H., Andréosso-O’Callaghan, B., & Hart, M. (2010). SMEs in a Globalised World: Survival and Growth Strategies on Europe’s Geographical Periphery. London: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Mills, K. G., & McCarthy, B. (2017). The State of Small Business Lending: Innovation and Technology and the Implications for Regulation. Harvard Business School Working Paper, WP 17-042.
  • Mkhaiber, A., & Werner, R. (2021). The Relationship Between Bank Size and the Propensity to Lend to Small Firms: New Empirical Evidence from a Large Sample. Journal of International Money and Finance, 110, 102281.
  • Sääskilahti, J. (2016). Local Bank Competition and Small Business Lending After the Onset of the Financial Crisis. Journal of Banking & Finance, 69, 37-51.
  • Shikumo, D. H., & Mirie, M. (2016). Determinants of Lending to Small and Medium Enterprises by Commercial Banks in Kenya. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(4), 57-63.
  • Strahan, P. E., & Weston, J. (1996). Small Business Lending and Bank Consolidation: Is There Cause for Concern?. Current Issues in Economics and Finance Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2, 1-6.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (2023). Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki Girişim İstatistikleri, 2022. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Haber Bülteni, 49438. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Kucuk-ve-Orta-Buyuklukteki-Girisim-Istatistikleri-2022-49438
  • Veugelers, R. (2008). The Role of SMEs in Innovation in the EU: A Case for Policy Intervention?. Review of Business and Economics, 53(3), 239-262.
  • Udell, G. F. (1998). The Consolidation of the Banking Industry and Small Business Lending. In Y. Amihud & G. Miller (Eds.), Bank Mergers & Acquisitions (pp. 221-235). Boston: Springer.
  • Ün, T. (2018). Panel Veri Modellerinin Varsayımlarının Testi. In S. Güriş (Ed.), Uygulamalı Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (pp. 75-101). İstanbul: Der Yayınları.
  • Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2016). Panel Veri Ekonometrisi (3rd ed.). İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi.
  • Yudaruddin, R. (2020). Determinants of Micro-, Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Para-Bankacılık
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mustafa Çelik 0000-0002-6222-9076

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Temmuz 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 21 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, M. (2024). MEVDUAT BANKALARINDA KOBİ VE MİKRO İŞLETME KREDİLERİ PAYININ BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: BANKA BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ, RİSK VE YUMUŞAK BİLGİ ETKİSİ. Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 361-375. https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1447558

Nişantaşı Üniversitesi kurumsal yayınıdır.