Devlet Öncülüğünde Boykot: İsrail Boykotunun Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirmesi

Öz

Uluslararası politikanın en önemli aktörü olan devletler kendi ulusal çıkarları doğrultusunda kararlar almaktadır. Bu çıkarlar kimi zaman uluslararası insan hakları hukukunun ve insancıl hukukun da ihlali sonucunu doğuran olaylar karşısında söz konusu devletlerin sessiz kalmasına neden olabilmektedir. Bazı devletler söz konusu ihlallere tepki gösterse bile bu tepkinin doğuracağı etki ilgili devletin askeri, ekonomik ve politik gücü ile sınırlıdır. İsrail-Filistin çatışmasında devletlerin izlediği tutum bu duruma önemli bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Diğer yandan küreselleşen dünyada artan uluslararası ticaret kamuoyunun özel sektör aracılığıyla geleneksel olarak devletin sorumluluğunda olan uluslararası politika konularında daha aktif bir konuma yükselmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma uluslararası ilişkilerin güncel sorunlarından olan ve devletlerin çözümünde yetersiz kaldığı Filistin meselesine ilişkin İsrail’e karşı gelişen ticari sınırlamaları incelemektedir. Çalışmanın odağını Filistin’in işgalinde doğrudan ve/veya dolaylı rol oynayan şirketlerin, Türkiye’de karşılaştığı ticari kısıtlamalar oluşturmaktadır. Kamuoyu tepkisi ve tercihleri kamu kurumları tarafından hangi araçlarla yönlendirilebilir? İsrail ile ticaret yasağının eksikleri nelerdir? Çalışma bu soruların cevabını ararken piyasa aktörleri aracılığıyla uygulanacak yaptırımların önündeki engellerin normatif bir perspektiften analizini sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boykot
• Filistin Meselesi
• İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları
• Devlet Dışı Aktörler
• İnsancıl Hukuk
• Politik Ekonomi

State-Led Boycott: A Critical Assessment of the Boycott of Israel

Öz

States, the most important actors in international politics, make decisions in line with their national interests. These interests can sometimes cause the states in question to remain silent in the face of events that violate international human rights law and humanitarian law. Even if some states react to such violations, the impact of this reaction is limited to the military, economic and political power of the state in question. The states' attitudes in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict constitute an important example of this situation. On the other hand, increasing international trade in the globalising world causes the public to take a more active position through the private sector in international policy issues that were traditionally the state's responsibility. This study examines the trade restrictions that have developed against Israel concerning the Palestinian issue, which is one of the current problems of international relations and which states are inadequate to solve. The focus of the study is on companies that take a direct and/or indirect part in the occupation of Palestine and are restricted from trade with Türkiye. By what means can public reaction and preferences be directed by public authorities? What might be the shortcomings of a trade ban with Israel? While seeking answers to these questions, the study analyses the obstacles to sanctions to be implemented through market actors from a normative perspective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boycott
• Palestine
• Business and Human Rights
• Non-State Actors
• Humanitarian Law

Kaynakça

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