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Mehmet Akif Ersoy’s “To the Martyrs of Dardanelles”: Turkish View of World War I in Comparison to the English War Poets
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the Turkish view of World War I as reflected through Mehmet Akif Ersoy’s ‘Çanakkale Şehitleri’ (To the Martyrs of Dardanelles) in comparison to the English war poets and argues that Turkish attitude to World War I is very different from that of the English war poets in terms of patriotism and sacrifice for one’s country. The most important feature of the English war poets who wrote during World War I is that all of them, except for Rupert Brooke, who died of malaria, participated in the war personally and reflected their personal war experiences and perspectives in their poems. The Ottoman Empire, which participated in World War I as an ally of Germany, fought with the British in Çanakkale. There are many poems written by professional poets about the Dardanelles wars, in which the Turks won a decisive victory, but there is not any soldier-poet known in Turkish poetry. Considering the poems written on the battles of Çanakkale, the first ones that come to mind are "To the Martyrs of Dardanelles”, and Mehmet Akif Ersoy. The epic poem "To the Martyrs of Dardanelles", written by Mehmet Akif for the heroic martyrs who sacrificed themselves for the salvation of their country, is the poem that best reflects the Turks' perspective on this war. This article focuses on the difference between the Turkish side's view of the war, which is reflected in Mehmet Akif Ersoy's poem "To the Martyrs of Dardanelles”, from the British war poets in terms of patriotism and self-sacrifice ideas for the homeland. The perspective reflected by the English war poets was initially treated as a romantic ideal adorned with the propaganda of democracy, freedom and protection of Western civilization. However, it was understood that the war had nothing to do with national security for England and it was just an environment of hell where millions of young men died in vain for the power struggle of the politicians. Thus, this realization gave way to protest and disappointment. For the Turks, since this war meant the occupation of their lands in case of defeat, they defended their country at the cost of their lives and did not allow the English pass by Gallipoli.
Keywords
Kaynakça
- References Brooke, Rupert. (2013). “The Soldier”. Tim Kendall Ed. The Poetry of the First World War, An Anthology. New York: Oxford UP.
- Brooke, Rupert. (2013). “The Dead”. Tim Kendall Ed. The Poetry of the First World War, An Anthology. New York: Oxford UP.
- Caesar, Adrian. (1993). Taking it Like a Man. Manchester: Manchester UP.
- Celkan, Hikmet. (1986). “İttihad-ı İslam ve Mehmet Akif”. Ölümünün 50. Yılında Mehmet Akif Ersoy. (pp. 167-175) Istanbul: Marmara Ünv Yayınları.
- Eroğlu, Hamza. (1990). Türk İnkilap Tarihi. Ankara: Savaş Yayınları.
- Ersoy, Mehmet Akif. (1992). ‘Çanakkale Şehitleri’ Safahat, 6. Kitap: Asim. Istanbul: Morpa Kültür Yayınları.
- Ersoy, Mehmet Akif. (1915). “‘To the Martyrs of Dardanelles.” (Nazif Özaslan. Trans. 2012). Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, Simulation and Information Center for The Legend of Gallipoli, Ankara. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/DKMP/Belgeler/dkmp/kutuphane/55.pdf
- Filizok, Rıza. (1986). “Mehmet Akif’in Batı Medeniyetine Bakış Tarzı”. Ölümünün 50. Yılında Mehmet Akif Ersoy. (pp. 53-66) Istanbul: Marmara Ünv Yayınları.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
-
Bölüm
İnceleme Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
14 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi
25 Nisan 2022
Kabul Tarihi
7 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1970 Cilt: 12 Sayı: Özel Sayı (Yüreklerde Akif, Dillerde Hürriyet)
APA
Aydın Öztürk, Ö. (2022). Mehmet Akif Ersoy’s “To the Martyrs of Dardanelles”: Turkish View of World War I in Comparison to the English War Poets. Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(Özel Sayı (Yüreklerde Akif, Dillerde Hürriyet), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.48146/odusobiad.1108939