BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2005, Sayı: 11, 1 - 23, 01.05.2005

Öz

Since Anatolian-Persian stelai are not uncovered in situ at Daskyleion and its
environment, it makes up an endless discussion about what kind of tombs they have
been decorating. The bases of stelai those have been found recently around the
Daskyleion tumuli, urged to reconsider the earlier data received from the tumuli of
Sardeis, ‹kiztepe and Karaburun II. After this reassessment, it has been understood
that the Anatolian-Persian stelai have been erected in the ceremony areas located
on the skirts of the tumuli dating to Achaemenid period. The number of these stelai
was changing according to the number of the people those were going to be buried
in a tumulus. The symbolic door stelai were accompaniments of the AnatolianPersian stelai at the ceremony areas. The number of the stelai depend on the number
of the chambers. The ceremony area has been used to perform regular offerings for
“the cult of the dead”. This tradition, which appeared after the arrival of Persians
to Anatolia, should relate to the eastern cultures.

Kaynakça

  • Akb›y›ko¤lu 1996 Akb›y›ko¤lu, K., “1994 Y›l› Güre ‹kiztepe Tümülüsü Kaz›s›”, VI. Müze Kurtarma Kaz›lar› Semineri, 24-26 Nisan 1995, Didim, 1996, Ankara, 163-176.
  • Schwertheim 1983 Altheim-Stiehl, R. – D. Metzler – E. Schwertheim, “Eine neue Gräko-Persische Grabstele aus Sultaniye Köy und ihre Bedeutung für die Geschichte und Topographie von Daskyleion”, Epigraphica Anatolica 1, 1983, 1-23
  • Altheim-Stiehl – Cremer 1985 Altheim-Stiehl, R. – M. Cremer, “Eine gräko-persische Türstele mit aramäischer Inschrift aus Daskyleion”, Epigraphica Anatolica 6, 1985, 1-26.
  • Ar›k 1934 Ar›k, R.O., “Karalar Hafriyat›”, Türk Tarih, Arkeologya ve Etnografya Dergisi 2, 1934, 102-167.
  • Atefllier 1992 Atefllier, S., Daskyleion - Kösemtu¤ Tümülüsü Mimarisi, ‹zmir, 1992.
  • Bak›r – Gürtekin-Demir – Tanr›ver 2003 Bak›r, T. – R.G. Gürtekin-Demir – C. Tanr›ver, “Daskyleion 2001”, 24. Kaz› Sonuçlar› Toplant›s›, Ankara, 2003, 491-500
  • Bernard 1969 Bernard, P., “Les bas-reliefs gréco-perses de Dascylion à la lumiere de nouvelles découvertes”, Revue Archèologique, 1969, 17-28. Borchhardt 1968 Borchhardt, J., “Epichorische, gräko-persisch beeinflußte Reliefs in Kilikien”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 18, 1968, 161- 211.
  • Boyce 1982 Boyce, M., A History of Zoroastrianism under the Achaemenians, Vol. 2, Leiden, 1982
  • Briant 1996 Briant, P., Histoire de l’Empire Perse, De Cyrus à Alexandre, Paris, 1996.
  • Büsing-Kolbe 1978 Büsing-Kolbe, A., “Frühe griechische Türen”, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 93, 1978, 66-174.
  • Calmeyer 1978 Calmeyer, P., “Das Grabrelief von Ravansar”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 11, 1978, 73-85.
  • Cremer 1984 Cremer, M., “Zwei neue graeco-persische Stelen”, Epigraphica Anatolica 3, 1984, 87-100.
  • Cross 1966 Cross, Jr. F.M., “An Aramaic Inscription from Daskyleion”, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 184, 1966, 7-10.
  • Dolunay 1967 Dolunay, N., “Daskyleion’da Bulunan Kabartmal› Steller”, ‹stanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi Y›ll›¤› 13-14,1967, 19-33.
  • F›ratl› 1970 F›ratl›, N., “Uflak-Selçikler Kaz›s› ve Çevre Araflt›rmalar› 1966-1970”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi XIX-II, 1970, 109-160.
  • Ghirshman 1963 Ghirshman, R., Perse, Proto-Iraniens, Mèdes, Achéménides, U.R.S.S., 1963.
  • Hamfmann – Ramage 1978 Hanfmann, G.M.A. – N.H. Ramage, Sculpture from Sardis the Finds Through 1975, Cambridge, 1978.
  • Lemaire 2001 Lemaire, A., “Les inscriptions araméennes de Daskyleion”, Achaemenid Anatolia, Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Anatolia in the Achaemenid Period, Band›rma 15-18 August 1997, Leiden, 2001, 21-35.
  • Macridy 1913 Macridy, Th., “Reliefs gréco-perses de la région de Dascylion”, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique XXXVII, 1913, 340-357.
  • Mekhitarian 1954 Mekhitarian, A., La Peinture Égyptienne, Geneve, 1954.
  • Mellink 1975 Mellink, M.J.,“Excavations at Karatafl-Semayük and Elmali, Lycia, 1974”, American Journal of Archaeology 79, 1975, 349-35.
  • Mellink 1979 Mellink, M.J., “The Symbolic Doorway of the Tumulus at Karaburun, Elmal›”, VIII. Türk Tarih Kongresi, Ankara, 1979, 383-387.
  • Mellink 1991 Mellink, M.J., “The Tumulus of Nemrud Da¤ and its place in the Anatolian Tradition”, Asia Minor Studien, Band 3, Bonn, 1991, 7-10.
  • Nollè 1992 Nollè, M., Denkmäler vom Satrapensitz Daskyleion, Berlin, 1992.
  • Özgen – Öztürk 1996 Özgen, ‹. – J. Öztürk, Heritage Recovered: the Lydian Treasure, ‹stanbul, 1996.
  • Özgüç 1969 Özgüç, T., Alt›ntepe II, Mezarlar, Depo Binas› ve Fildifli Eserler, Ankara, 1969.
  • Polat 1991 Polat, G., Daskyleion ve Çevresinden Ele Geçen Anadolu Satrapl›k Dönemine Ait Mezar Stelleri, ‹zmir, 1991. (Yay›nlanmam›fl Yüksek Lisans Tezi)
  • Polat 1998 Polat, G., Anadolu Akhaemenid Dönemi Plastik Eserleri, ‹zmir, 1998. (Yay›nlanmam›fl Doktora Tezi)
  • Radt 1988 Radt, W., Pergamon, Geschichte und Bauten, Funde und Erforschung einer antiken Metropole, Köln, 1988.
  • Ramsay 1897 Ramsay, W.M., The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, Oxford, 1897.
  • Ratté 1994 Ratté, C., “Anthemion Stelae from Sardis”, American Journal of Archaeology 98, 1994, 395-607.
  • Shaw 1989 Shaw, J.W., “Phoenicians in Southern Crete”, American Journal of Archaeology 93, 1989, 165-183.
  • Tezcan 1976 Tezcan, B., “‹kiztepe Kaz›s›”, VIII. Türk Tarih Kongresi, 1976, 391-397.
  • Tritsch 1943 Tritsch, F.J., “False Doors on Tombs”, Journal of Hellenic Studies 63, 1943, 113-115.
  • Waelkens 1986 Waelkens, M., Die Kleinasiatischen Türsteine, Mainz am Rhein, 1986.

Bir Anadolu-Akhaemenid Dönemi Ölü Kültü Geleneği Tümülüs Önünde Steller ve Seremoni Alanları

Yıl 2005, Sayı: 11, 1 - 23, 01.05.2005

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akb›y›ko¤lu 1996 Akb›y›ko¤lu, K., “1994 Y›l› Güre ‹kiztepe Tümülüsü Kaz›s›”, VI. Müze Kurtarma Kaz›lar› Semineri, 24-26 Nisan 1995, Didim, 1996, Ankara, 163-176.
  • Schwertheim 1983 Altheim-Stiehl, R. – D. Metzler – E. Schwertheim, “Eine neue Gräko-Persische Grabstele aus Sultaniye Köy und ihre Bedeutung für die Geschichte und Topographie von Daskyleion”, Epigraphica Anatolica 1, 1983, 1-23
  • Altheim-Stiehl – Cremer 1985 Altheim-Stiehl, R. – M. Cremer, “Eine gräko-persische Türstele mit aramäischer Inschrift aus Daskyleion”, Epigraphica Anatolica 6, 1985, 1-26.
  • Ar›k 1934 Ar›k, R.O., “Karalar Hafriyat›”, Türk Tarih, Arkeologya ve Etnografya Dergisi 2, 1934, 102-167.
  • Atefllier 1992 Atefllier, S., Daskyleion - Kösemtu¤ Tümülüsü Mimarisi, ‹zmir, 1992.
  • Bak›r – Gürtekin-Demir – Tanr›ver 2003 Bak›r, T. – R.G. Gürtekin-Demir – C. Tanr›ver, “Daskyleion 2001”, 24. Kaz› Sonuçlar› Toplant›s›, Ankara, 2003, 491-500
  • Bernard 1969 Bernard, P., “Les bas-reliefs gréco-perses de Dascylion à la lumiere de nouvelles découvertes”, Revue Archèologique, 1969, 17-28. Borchhardt 1968 Borchhardt, J., “Epichorische, gräko-persisch beeinflußte Reliefs in Kilikien”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 18, 1968, 161- 211.
  • Boyce 1982 Boyce, M., A History of Zoroastrianism under the Achaemenians, Vol. 2, Leiden, 1982
  • Briant 1996 Briant, P., Histoire de l’Empire Perse, De Cyrus à Alexandre, Paris, 1996.
  • Büsing-Kolbe 1978 Büsing-Kolbe, A., “Frühe griechische Türen”, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 93, 1978, 66-174.
  • Calmeyer 1978 Calmeyer, P., “Das Grabrelief von Ravansar”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 11, 1978, 73-85.
  • Cremer 1984 Cremer, M., “Zwei neue graeco-persische Stelen”, Epigraphica Anatolica 3, 1984, 87-100.
  • Cross 1966 Cross, Jr. F.M., “An Aramaic Inscription from Daskyleion”, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 184, 1966, 7-10.
  • Dolunay 1967 Dolunay, N., “Daskyleion’da Bulunan Kabartmal› Steller”, ‹stanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi Y›ll›¤› 13-14,1967, 19-33.
  • F›ratl› 1970 F›ratl›, N., “Uflak-Selçikler Kaz›s› ve Çevre Araflt›rmalar› 1966-1970”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi XIX-II, 1970, 109-160.
  • Ghirshman 1963 Ghirshman, R., Perse, Proto-Iraniens, Mèdes, Achéménides, U.R.S.S., 1963.
  • Hamfmann – Ramage 1978 Hanfmann, G.M.A. – N.H. Ramage, Sculpture from Sardis the Finds Through 1975, Cambridge, 1978.
  • Lemaire 2001 Lemaire, A., “Les inscriptions araméennes de Daskyleion”, Achaemenid Anatolia, Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Anatolia in the Achaemenid Period, Band›rma 15-18 August 1997, Leiden, 2001, 21-35.
  • Macridy 1913 Macridy, Th., “Reliefs gréco-perses de la région de Dascylion”, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique XXXVII, 1913, 340-357.
  • Mekhitarian 1954 Mekhitarian, A., La Peinture Égyptienne, Geneve, 1954.
  • Mellink 1975 Mellink, M.J.,“Excavations at Karatafl-Semayük and Elmali, Lycia, 1974”, American Journal of Archaeology 79, 1975, 349-35.
  • Mellink 1979 Mellink, M.J., “The Symbolic Doorway of the Tumulus at Karaburun, Elmal›”, VIII. Türk Tarih Kongresi, Ankara, 1979, 383-387.
  • Mellink 1991 Mellink, M.J., “The Tumulus of Nemrud Da¤ and its place in the Anatolian Tradition”, Asia Minor Studien, Band 3, Bonn, 1991, 7-10.
  • Nollè 1992 Nollè, M., Denkmäler vom Satrapensitz Daskyleion, Berlin, 1992.
  • Özgen – Öztürk 1996 Özgen, ‹. – J. Öztürk, Heritage Recovered: the Lydian Treasure, ‹stanbul, 1996.
  • Özgüç 1969 Özgüç, T., Alt›ntepe II, Mezarlar, Depo Binas› ve Fildifli Eserler, Ankara, 1969.
  • Polat 1991 Polat, G., Daskyleion ve Çevresinden Ele Geçen Anadolu Satrapl›k Dönemine Ait Mezar Stelleri, ‹zmir, 1991. (Yay›nlanmam›fl Yüksek Lisans Tezi)
  • Polat 1998 Polat, G., Anadolu Akhaemenid Dönemi Plastik Eserleri, ‹zmir, 1998. (Yay›nlanmam›fl Doktora Tezi)
  • Radt 1988 Radt, W., Pergamon, Geschichte und Bauten, Funde und Erforschung einer antiken Metropole, Köln, 1988.
  • Ramsay 1897 Ramsay, W.M., The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, Oxford, 1897.
  • Ratté 1994 Ratté, C., “Anthemion Stelae from Sardis”, American Journal of Archaeology 98, 1994, 395-607.
  • Shaw 1989 Shaw, J.W., “Phoenicians in Southern Crete”, American Journal of Archaeology 93, 1989, 165-183.
  • Tezcan 1976 Tezcan, B., “‹kiztepe Kaz›s›”, VIII. Türk Tarih Kongresi, 1976, 391-397.
  • Tritsch 1943 Tritsch, F.J., “False Doors on Tombs”, Journal of Hellenic Studies 63, 1943, 113-115.
  • Waelkens 1986 Waelkens, M., Die Kleinasiatischen Türsteine, Mainz am Rhein, 1986.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gürcan Polat Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Sayı: 11

Kaynak Göster

APA Polat, G. (2005). Bir Anadolu-Akhaemenid Dönemi Ölü Kültü Geleneği Tümülüs Önünde Steller ve Seremoni Alanları. OLBA(11), 1-23.