MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR COMPARISON OF SELECTED CHESTNUT (Castanea sativa Mill.) GENOTYPES FROM BLACK SEA REGION OF TURKEY

Öz

Here we report phenotypic and genotypic differences among 14 Turkish chestnut genotypes. The genotypes were analyzed both genetically and for 30 morphological criteria comprising 12 qualitative and 18 quantitative characteristics. The phylogenetic relationships were determined between different chestnut genotypes selected from Sinop, Samsun, Artvin and Bartin provinces of Black Sea Region in Turkey. Morphological criteria were investigated biometrically using multivariate analysis. Ten morphological criteria were found to be effective for discrimination between the genotypes. Five morphological criteria accounts for 64.1% of the variability. These morphological criteria were the ratio of length of teeth to width of teeth, the ratio of length of hilum to length of fruit, cross section of leaves, the ratio of height of fruit to length of fruit and peeling of testa. The discrimination of morphological criteria was shown using cluster analysis, which created four main groups. Dice’s coefficient was used to evaluate the genetic similarity by RAPD analysis, which created three main groups. The UPGMA method was used for the determination of phylogenetic trees. The genetic and morphological dendrograms were compared using the Mantel test, which gave a correlation of r=-0.33. The discrimination of morphological criteria was shown using cluster analysis, which created four main groups. Dice’s coefficient was used to evaluate the genetic similarity by RAPD analysis, which created three main groups. The UPGMA method was used for the determination of phylogenetic trees. The genetic and morphological dendrograms were compared using the Mantel test, which gave a correlation of r=-0.33. This study illustrates that the selected chestnut genotypes might be valuable genetic resources for future chestnut breeding programs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Genetic similarity
• morphological criteria
• phylogenetic tree
• RAPD

TÜRKİYE'NİN KARADENİZ BÖLGESİNDEN SEÇİLEN KESTANE (Castanea sativa Mill.) GENOTİPLERİNİN MORFOLOJİK VE MOLEKÜLER KARŞILAŞTIRMASI

Öz

Bu çalışmada 14 Türk kestane genotipinde fenotipik ve genotipik farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Genotipler, hem genetik olarak hem de 12’si kalitatif ve 18’i kantitatif olmak üzere toplam 30 morfolojik kritere göre analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Sinop, Samsun, Artvin ve Bartın illerinden seçilen farklı kestane genotipleri arasındaki filogenetik ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Morfolojik kriterler çok değişkenli analizler kullanılarak biometrik olarak araştırılmıştır. Genotiplerin ayırt edilmesinde 10 morfolojik kriterin etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan beşinin genotipler arasındaki farklılığın %64,1’ini açıkladığı saptanmıştır. Bu kriterler: diş uzunluğu/diş genişliği oranı, hilum uzunluğu/meyve uzunluğu oranı, yaprakta enine kesit, meyve yüksekliği/meyve uzunluğu oranı ve tohum zarının soyulabilirliği’dir. Morfolojik kriterlere göre yapılan kümeleme analizinde dört ana grubun oluştuğu görülmüştür. “Dice” katsayısı RAPD analizi ile sonuçlarına gore hesaplanmış ve genetik benzerlik durumunun değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Buna göre de 3 ana grubun oluştuğu görülmüştür. Filogenetik ağaçlar UPGMA metoduna göre oluşturulmuştur. Genetik ve morfolojik dendogramlar Mantel testi yardımıyla karşılaştrılmış ve r=-0.33 korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışma seçilen genotiplerin gelecekte yapılacak ıslah çalışmaları için değerli genetik kaynaklar olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Genetik benzerlik
• morfolojik kriterler
• filogenetik ağaç
• RAPD

Kaynakça

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