Konukçu türünün soliter endoparazitoitin (Venturia canescens Grav.) bazı biyolojik özelliklerine etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, üç konukçu türünün parazitoit Venturia canescens Grav. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)’in gelişim süresi, verim ve ergin ömür uzunluğuna etkileri araştırılmıştır. Cadra cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) ve Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), V. canescens için konukçu olarak kullanılmıştır.

Konukçu türü parazitoitin ergin öncesi gelişim süresi üzerinde önemli bir etki yapmıştır. En kısa gelişim süresi P. interpunctella’da, en uzun gelişim süresi E. kuehniella’da belirlenmiş, C. cautella’da ise gelişim süresi diğer iki konukçular arasında bir değer olmuştur. V. canescens’in verimi konukçu türü tarafından etkilenmiştir. Verim C. cautella ve E. kuehniella larvalarında, P. interpunctella larvaları ile karşılaştırıldığında daha yüksek olmuştur. Bal ile beslenme tüm konukçu türlerinde parazitoitin verimini artırmıştır.

Ömür uzunluğu denemeleri için, ergin parazitoitlere hayatları süresince ya bal ve konukçu birlikte, konukçu olmadan bal veya bal olmadan konukçu verilmiş ya da ne bal ne de konukçu verilmiştir. Konukçu türü, beslenmeyen ancak yumurta bırakma olanağı olan ve olmayan dişilerin ömür uzunluğunu önemli ölçüde etkilememiştir. Buna karşın, konukçu türü beslenen ve yumurta bırakma olanağı olan ve olmayan dişilerin ömür uzunluğunu önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Dişiler en fazla konukçu bulunmayıp bal ile beslendiklerinde yaşamış, diğer konukçu /beslenme gruplarında daha kısa yaşamışlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Venturia canescens,Endoparazitoid,Konukçu,Gelişim süresi,Ömür uzunluğu,Verim

The effects of host species on some biological characteristics of solitary endoparasitoid (Venturia canescens Grav.)

Öz

In this study, the effects of three host species on development time, fecundity and adult longevity of parasitoid Venturia canescens Grav. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were investigated. Cadra cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as hosts for V. canescens.

Host species had a significant effect on preadult development period of parasitoid. Development time was shortest on P. interpunctella, intermediate on C. cautella and longest on E. kuehniella. The fecundity of V. canescens was influenced by host species. It was higher on C. cautella and E. kuehniella larvae compared  to P. interpunctella larvae. Feeding with honey increased the fecundity of parasitoid on all of the host species.

For longevity experiments, adult parasitoids were provided by either honey and host, honey and no host, no honey and host, or they were fed on neither honey nor host for their lifetimes. Host species did not significantly affect the longevity of unfed females with no oviposition opportunity and unfed females with oviposition opportunity. However, it significantly affected the longevity of fed females with no oviposition opportunity and fed females with oviposition opportunity. Females without host access lived longest when fed on honey and shorter in the other host access/feeding treatments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Venturia canescens,Endoparasitoid,Host,Development time,Longevity,Fecundity

Kaynakça

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