İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin Fotosentez ve Solunum Konularındaki Kavram Yanılgılarının Belirlenmesi: Trabzon Örneklemi

Yıl 2004, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 75 - 88, 27.11.2014

Ahmet Bacanak Mehmet Küçük Salih Çepnü

Öz

Fen bilimlerinin diğer alanlarında olduğu gibi, biyoloji alanındaki bazı temel kavram ve prensiplerin, öğrencilere bilimsel çevrelerce kabul edilen şekilde Öğretilmesinde bir takım sorunlarla karşılaşılmaktadır, Bu süreçte öğrencilerde bir çok kavram yanılgısı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu kavramlardan ikisi; fotosentez ve solunumdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilköğretim 5 ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin, fotosentez ve solunum kavramlarını anlama düzeylerini ve kavram yanılgılarını karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya koymaktır. Örneklem; 108 ilköğretim 5. sınıf öğrencisi ve 112 ilköğretim 8. sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Bu iki sınıftaki öğrencilerin kavramsal anlamaları, kross-age çalışması kapsamında derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak; “fotosentez ve solunum " kavramlarını içeren, açık uçlu ve kısa cevaplı sorulardan oluşan bir test kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilen verilerden; öğrencilerin; fotosentezin bitkilerin karbondioksit alıp oksijen vermesi olduğu, bitkilerin enerjilerini dışarıdan aldıkları, toprağın bitkilere besin sağladığı şeklinde sıralanan önemli kavram yanılgılarına sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. İlköğretim 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin tamamına yakınının, solunumu nefes alma, oksijen alıp karbondioksit verme şeklinde İfade ettikleri, ilköğretim 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin çok azının, bu soruya kavram yanılgılarıyla birlikte kısmen doğru cevap verdikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Literatürden farklı olarak, örneklemdekİ öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun bitkilerin besinlerini yapraklarıyla aldığı yönünde bir yanlış anlamaya sahip oldukları da tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fen Bilimleri Egitpu, Kavram Yanılgıları, Fotosentez Solunum

PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION SUBJECTS: A CASE FOR TRABZON

Öz

Like other areas o f science, some problems are encountered in teaching basic biological concepts and principles. One isssue is students' misconceptions about many scientific subjects. Two o f these are photosymthesis and respiration concepts. The aim o f this study is to compare fifth and eighth levels o f primary> school students' misconceptions and understanding levels o f these concepts. Sample includes 108 fifth and 112 eighth levels o f primary school students. The sample‘s conceptual understandings were examined in depth by using the cross-age level primary school students explain respiration as taking breath, taking oxygen and giving carbon dioxide, and only a few o f the eigth level students answered partly to this questions with some misconceptions. In contrast to the related literature, it w as found out thkt most, o f the sample has a m isconceplion ,o/ 1 hat plants get t heir foods with their leaves.  study method. Data were gathered by the help o f a test including open-ended and short-answered questions about photosymthesis and respiration concepts, ft ivas concluded that all the sample has some important misconceptions. Students think that photosynthesis is "a plant's taking carbon dioxide and giving oxygen off", "plants get their energy> from outside " and “soil provides foods for plants It was also determined that approximately, all the fifth

Anahtar Kelimeler

Science Education, Misconceptions, Photos)’nthesi!i and Respiration

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