LEPTİN VE ADİPONEKTİNİN ENERJİ VE EGZERSİZ İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Dünya sağlık örgütünün belirlemelerine göre gıda çeşitliliği ve alımının kolaylaşması ile birlikte yaşam tarzındaki değişikliler 1980 yılından itibaren obezite insidansını iki katına çıkartmıştır. Obezite de beraberinde kalp damar hastalıklarından, tip II diabete ve ortopedik hastalıklara kadar birçok sağlık sorununu beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu sorunlarla birlikte bu durumdan kurtulmak için yeni arayışlar içine girilmektedir. Egzersizle birlikte vücutta salgılanan hormonlar ve proteinler daha fazla araştırma konusu haline gelmiştir.

Trigliseritlerin deposu olarak görülen adipoz doku üzerine yapılan çalışmalar arttıkça bunların bilinmeyen birçok fizyolojik görevlerinin olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bunlardan leptin ve adiponektin gibi hormonların enerji dengesi ve insulin direnci ile ilgili bağlantıları yapılan çalışmalarla ortaya konulmaktadır. Leptin organizma içindeki yağ stoklarını ve iştahı düzenlemekte, tokluk duygusu yaratmaktadır. Vücuttaki yağ oranı leptin salınmasını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Adiponektin de adipoz dokudan salınan, insulin duyarlılığını artıran, aterosklerozu gerileten, anti-enflamatuar bir hormondur. Her iki hormonunda plazma seviyesi cinsiyet, yaşam şekli ve yaş gibi etkenlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Kısa süreli egzersizlerde değişim ya hiç ya da çok az olmakla birlikte esas uzun süreli yapılan egzersizlerde bu hormonlarda plazma seviyelerinde değişim gözlenmektedir. Yapılan bu derleme ile bu iki hormonun egzersiz ve enerji dengesi ile ilişkileri ortaya konulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adiponektin,Egzersiz,leptin

THE ASSOCIATION OF LEPTIN AND ADIPONECTIN WITH ENERGY AND EXERCISE

Öz

This study will present the association of leptin and adiponectin hormones with exercise and energy balance in the light of literature.

As studies on adipose tissue, known as the repository of triglycerides, increase, it is revealed that they have many physiologic functions unknown previously. Studies conducted demonstrate the correlation between leptin and adiponectin hormones with energy balance and insulin resistance. Leptin regulates fat supply and appetite in organism and creates the feeling of being full. Fat ratio in the body directly affects leptin secretion. Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory hormone secreted from adipose tissue which enhances insulin susceptibility and downgrades atherosclerosis. Plasma levels of both hormones are affected by factors like gender, lifestyle and age. It has been concluded that short duration exercises have little or no effect on plasma levels of these hormones, while long duration exercises create significant effects. Long duration exercises have been recommended to fight insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, excessive weight and for positive effect on energy balance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adiponectin,Exercise,Leptin

Kaynakça

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