A Current Approach in HRM: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Employee Experience Concept

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 206 - 228, 01.07.2022

Merve Gerçek

Öz

Employee experience (EX) is an approach that has recently started to attract attention in the field of human resources management. Employee experience refers to the personal perceptions of an employee about all the events he/she experiences from the time of his/her employment to the time of his/her leaving the job. It is thought that businesses that adopt the employer brand strategy are trying to create a strong employee experience. This concept, which is stated to have the potential to provide strategic competitive advantage to businesses, is thought to be effective in attracting talents to the business and increasing employee loyalty. The aim of this research is to explore the conceptual structure of the concept of employee experience, as well as to shed light on its relationship with HRM by examining the current status of related studies and to suggest new ideas for future research. For this purpose, publications related to employee experience in the Web of Science database were analyzed with the VOSviewer package program in terms of year, country, keyword, publisher, author and citations using bibliometric analysis methods. The findings show that publications on employee experience have increased in recent years, with the most studies on the subject in the United States, England, and Australia. In addition, it has been observed that there is a close relationship between employee experience and employee commitment, human resources management, communication, and employability. In addition, co-author and co-citation analyses are also presented in the findings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

employee experience, human resource management, employee engagamenet, employer branding, bibliometric analysis

İKY’de Güncel Bir Yaklaşım: Çalışan Deneyimi Kavramının Bibliyometrik Analizi

Öz

Çalışan deneyimi (employee experience/EX), son dönemlerde insan kaynakları yönetimi alanında ilgi çekmeye başlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Çalışan deneyimi, bir çalışanın işe yerleşmesinden işten ayrılana dek yaşadığı tüm olaylara yönelik kişisel algılarını ifade etmektedir. Özellikle işveren markası stratejisini benimseyen işletmelerin, güçlü bir çalışan deneyimi yaratmaya çalıştığı varsayılmaktadır. İşletmelere stratejik rekabet avantajı sağlama potansiyeli olduğu belirtilen bu kavramın, yeteneklerin işletmeye çekilmesinde ve çalışan bağlılığının arttırılmasında etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, çalışan deneyimi kavramının kavramsal yapısını keşfedebilmenin yanı sıra ilgili çalışmaların mevcut durumunu inceleyerek İKY ile ilişkisine ışık tutmak ve gelecek araştırmalar için yeni fikirler öne sürmektir. Söz konusu amaç doğrultusunda Web of Science veritabanında yer alan çalışan deneyimi ile ilgili yayınlar, bibliyometrik analiz yöntemleriyle yıl, ülke, anahtar kelime, yayıncı, yazar ve atıflar açısından VOSviewer paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, çalışan deneyimi ile ilgili yayınların son yıllarda giderek arttığını, en fazla yayının Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İngiltere ve Avusturalya’da bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca çalışan deneyimi ile çalışan adanmışlığı, insan kaynakları yönetimi, iletişim ve istihdam edilebilirlik konuları arasında bağlantılar bulunduğu görülmüştür. Bulgularda ortak yazar ve ortak atıf analizlere ek olarak gelecek araştırmalara yönelik öngörüler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çalışan deneyimi, insan kaynakları yönetimi, çalışan adanmışlığı, işveren markası, bibliyometrik analiz

Kaynakça

• Carter, B., Danford, A., Howcroft, D., Richardson, H., Smith, A., & Taylor, P. (2013). ‘Stressed out of my box’: employee experience of lean working and occupational ill-health in clerical work in the UK public sector. Work, Employment and Society, 27(5), 747-767. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017012469064
• Dery, K., & Sebastian, I. M. (2017). Building business value with employee experience. MIT Sloan CISR Research Briefing, 17(6), 6-9. http://cisr.mit.edu/file-download/2017_0601_EmployeeExperience_DerySebastian.pdf
• Danford, A., Richardson, M., Stewart, P., Tailby, S., & Upchurch, M. (2008). Partnership, high performance work systems and quality of working life. New Technology, Work and Employment, 23(3), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.2008.00210.x
• Farndale, E., & Kelliher, C. (2013). Implementing performance appraisal: Exploring the employee experience. Human Resource Management, 52(6), 879-897. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21575
• Fan, D., Zhu, C. J., Huang, X., & Kumar, V. (2021). Mapping the terrain of international human resource management research over the past fifty years: A bibliographic analysis. Journal of World Business, 56(2), 101185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2020.101185
• Gakovic, A., & Tetrick, L. E. (2003). Psychological contract breach as a source of strain for employees. Journal of business and Psychology, 18(2), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1027301232116
• Gheidar, Y., & ShamiZanjani, M. (2020), Conceptualizing the digital employee experience, Strategic HR Review, 19(3), 131-135. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-01-2020-0004
• Harley, B., Allen, B. C., & Sargent, L. D. (2007). High performance work systems and employee experience of work in the service sector: The case of aged care. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 45(3), 607-633. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2007.00630.x
• Huselid, M. A. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(3), 635-672. https://doi.org/10.5465/256741
• Khalil, G. M., & Crawford, C. A. G. (2015). A bibliometric analysis of US-based research on the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 48(1), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.08.021
• Lavelle, J. J., Rupp, D. E., & Brockner, J. (2007). Taking a multifoci approach to the study of justice, social exchange, and citizenship behavior: The target similarity model. Journal of Management, 33(6), 841-866. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307307635
• Lemon, L. L. (2019). The employee experience: how employees make meaning of employee engagement. Journal of Public Relations Research, 31(5-6), 176-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2019.1704288
• Mahadevan, J. & Schmitz, A.P. (2020). HRM as an ongoing struggle for legitimacy: A critical discourse analysis of HR managers as “employee-experience designers”, Baltic Journal of Management, 15(4), 515-532. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-10-2018-0368
• Maylett, T., & Wride, M. (2017). The employee experience: How to attract talent, retain top performers, and drive results. John Wiley & Sons.
• Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213-228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
• Morgan, J. (2017). The employee experience advantage: How to win the war for talent by giving employees the workspaces they want, the tools they need, and a culture they can celebrate. John Wiley & Sons.
• Plaskoff, J. (2017), Employee experience: the new human resource management approach, Strategic HR Review, 16(3), 136-141. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-12-2016-0108
• Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25(4), 348-349.
• E. Rupp, D. (2011). An employee-centered model of organizational justice and social responsibility. Organizational Psychology Review, 1(1), 72-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386610376255
• Schaufeli, W.B. (2013). What is engagement? İçinde C. Truss, K. Alfes, R. Delbridge, A. Shantz, & E. Soane (Der.), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice. Routledge.
• Shenoy, V., & Uchil, R. (2018). Influence of Cultural Environment Factors in Creating Employee Experience and Its Impact on Employee Engagement: An Employee Perspective. International Journal of Business Insights & Transformation, 11(2). https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=6854113a-7182-4cfd-a3ee-73585445769b%40redis
• Sokro, E. (2012). Impact of employer branding on employee attraction and retention. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(18), 164-173.
• Tucker, E. (2020), Driving engagement with the employee experience, Strategic HR Review, 19(4), 183-187. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-03-2020-0023
• Ulrich, D. (1997), Human resource champions: the next agenda for adding value and delivering results, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, Mass.
• Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523-538. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-03-2020-0023
• Wallin, J. A. (2005). Bibliometric methods: pitfalls and possibilities. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 97(5), 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_139.x
• Warhurst, C., & Nickson, D. (2007). Employee experience of aesthetic labour in retail and hospitality. Work, Employment and Society, 21(1), 103-120. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0950017007073622
• Whitter, B. (2019). Employee experience: develop a happy, productive and supported workforce for exceptional individual and business performance. Kogan Page Publishers.
• Yohn, D. L. (2020). Brand authenticity, employee experience and corporate citizenship priorities in the COVID-19 era and beyond. Strategy & Leadership. 48(5), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.1108/SL-06-2020-0077