Alman Eğitim Sisteminin Sosyal ve Kültürel Yapı, İstihdam ve Ekonomi Bağlamında Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 22, 801 - 822, 29.02.2020

Burhan Üzüm Kemal Duruhan

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.596969

Cited By: 6

Öz

Eğitim, bir ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel gelişim düzeylerini belirleyen ve etkileyen önemli bir unsurdur. Eğitim sistemi ve toplumda bulunan diğer alt boyutlar karşılıklı olarak birbirini ve dolayısıyla sosyal yapıyı, ekonomiyi ve istihdamı etkiler. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, bu çalışmanın amacı, Alman eğitim sisteminin ülkedeki sosyal ve kültürel yapı üzerindeki etkisini ve istihdam ve ekonomi ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Veriler literatür taraması ile elde edilmiş olup detaylı doküman analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, Alman eğitim sisteminin ve özellikle 2003'ten sonra sistemde yapılan reformların geleneksel Alman aile yapısını etkilediği ve bunun sonucunda kadınların iş dünyasında daha fazla yer aldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmanın bir başka sonucu da, Alman eğitim sistemindeki kademeler arasındaki sıkı seçicilik ve neredeyse imkânsız geçişin Alman toplumunda sosyal bir tabakalaşmaya neden olduğudur. Öte yandan, Alman eğitim sisteminin mesleki eğitim ve ikili (dual) mesleki eğitim sistemi üzerindeki öneminin hem istihdam hem de ekonomi açısından ülkeye büyük katkılar sağladığı görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alman eğitim sistemi, sosyal yapı, kültürel yapı, istihdam, ekonomi

Scrutinizing German Education System in Terms of its Effect on Social and Cultural Structure, Employment and Economy

Öz

Education is an important element that determines and influences a country's social, economic and cultural development levels. The education system and the other sub-dimensions existing in the society mutually influence each other and affect the social structure, economy and employment. From this point of view, the aim of present study is to examine the impact of the German education system on the social and cultural structure in the country and its relationship with employment and economy. The data was obtained by literature review and subjected to detailed document analysis. In the light of the data obtained, it was seen that the German education system and the reforms made in the system especially after 2003 affected the traditional German family structure and as a result women took part in the business life more. Another result of the study revealed that the strict selectivity and almost impossible transition between the tracks in German education system has caused a social stratification in German society. On the other hand, it is discovered that the importance of the German education system on vocational education and dual vocatioal education system have made great contributions to the country both in terms of employment and economy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

German education system, social structure, cultural structure, employment, economy

Kaynakça

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