Okul Öncesi Dönemde Beden Algısı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 34, 1408 - 1435, 28.02.2021

Mustafa Kale , Sara Hurşidi , Ayşe Balcı Karaboğa

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.829749

Cited By: 3

Öz

Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi dönemde çocukların beden algısı üzerinde etkili faktörler, bu faktörlerin çocuklara etkileri ve okul öncesi dönemde beden algısının belirlenmesine ilişkin araştırma yöntem ve ölçme araçları hakkında literatür incelenmiştir. Kişinin bedeni hakkında sahip olduğu olumlu ya da olumsuz değerlendirmelerin tümü, onun beden algısını oluşturur. Bireylerde beden algısının ve beden memnuniyetsizliğinin genellikle ergenlikte başladığı düşünülse de son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar beden algısının okul öncesi dönemde başladığını işaret etmektedir. İlgili literatür incelendiğinde, okul öncesi çocuklarda bedene ilişkin memnuniyet ya da memnuniyetsizliğin aile, akranlar ve özellikle medya gibi faktörlerden etkilendiği görülmüştür. Erken yaşlarda beden memnuniyetsizliğine müdahale edilmediği takdirde ise orta çocukluk ve ergenlik dönemlerinde düşük özgüven, sağlıksız beslenme alışkanlıkları ya da madde bağımlılığı görülebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, okul öncesi dönemde çocukların beden algısının incelenmesi erken müdahale açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ancak ülkemizde beden algısına ilişkin araştırmalar incelendiğinde, araştırmaların yoğun olarak ergenlik dönemine odaklandığı, okul öncesi dönemde beden algısıyla ilgili araştırmaların oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sınırlılığın temel nedeni ise, ülkemizde okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının beden algısını değerlendirmeye yönelik ölçme araçlarının yetersizliğidir. Bu noktada mevcut çalışma, okul öncesi dönemde çocukların beden algısı ile ilgili literatürden örnekler sunması ve çocuklarda beden algısını incelemede kullanılabilecek araştırma yöntemleri ve ölçme araçlarını tanıtma noktasında önemli görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beden algısı, erken çocukluk, beden memnuniyeti/memnuniyetsizliği

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Body Image in Preschool Period

Öz

In this study, the factors affecting the body image of children in the preschool period, the effects of these factors on children and the research methods and measurement tools related to the determination of body image in the preschool period are discussed. All of the positive or negative evaluations about a person's body constitute his body image. Although it is thought that body image and body dissatisfaction in individuals generally start in adolescence, studies conducted in recent years indicate that body image starts in the preschool period. When the relevant literature was examined, it was seen that satisfaction or dissatisfaction with body image in preschool children was affected by factors such as family, peers and especially the media. If body dissatisfaction is not intervened at early ages, low self-esteem, unhealthy eating habits or substance addiction can be seen in middle childhood and adolescence. Therefore, examining children's body image in preschool period is of great importance in terms of early intervention. However, in Turkey, it has been observed that the researches on body image focus heavily on adolescence, and the studies on body image in the preschool period are quite limited. The main reason for this limitation is the inadequacy of measurement tools to determine the body image of preschool children in Turkey. At this point, the present study is important in terms of presenting examples from the relevant literature on children's body image in preschool period and introducing research methods and measuring tools that can be used to examine body image in early childhood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Body image, early childhood, body satisfaction / dissatisfaction

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

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