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Laktik Asit Fermentasyonunda Fenolik Bileşikler ve Önemi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 51 - 64, 01.06.2011

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alberto, M.R., Farias, M.E. and Manca de Nadra, M.C. 2001. Effect of gallic acid and catechin on Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w growth and metabolism of organic compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49: 4359–4363.
  • Alberto, M.R., Arena, M.E. and Manca de Nadra, M.C. 2007. Putrescine production from agmatine by Lactobacillus hilgardii: effect of phenolic compounds. Food Control, 18: 898- 903.
  • Altuntaş, E.G., Ayhan, K., Okcu, G.,Erkanlı, K., Balcı, M.H. ve Sonakın, S.S. 2010a. Çiğ süt ve peynir örneklerinden izole edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin antimikrobiyel aktiviteleri. Gıda 35(3): 197-203.
  • Altuntas, E.G., Cosansu, S. and Ayhan, K. 2010b. Some growth parameters and antimicrobial activity of a bacteriocin producing strain Pediococcus sp. 13. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 141(1-2): 28-31.
  • Akbaş, L.G. 2006. Değişik turşularda biyojen amin miktarları üzerine araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 96 s.
  • Akçelik, M. ve Ayhan, K. 1992. Laktik asit bakterilerinin tedavi edici rolü. Biyoteknoloji Haber Bülteni, 5:2-3.
  • Aktan, N. ve Kalkan, H. 1999. Sofralık zeytin teknolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir 122 s.
  • Arvanitoyannis, I.S. and Kassaveti, A. 2007. Current and potential uses of composted olive oil waste. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 42: 281–295.
  • Arvanitoyannis, I.S., Ladas, D. and Mavromatis, A. 2006. Wine waste treatment methodology. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 41: 1117–1151.
  • Ayhan, K., Kolsarıcı, N. and Özkan, G.A. 1999. The effects of a starter culture on the formation of biogenic amines in turkish soudjoucks. Meat Science 53:183-188.
  • Ayhan, K. and Durlu-Özkaya, F. 2007. Biogenic amines in foods. Chapter 5. ( In: Metabolism and Applications of Lactic Acid Bacteria). 87-113. ISBN: 978-81-308-0203-9. Ed: Barbaros ÖZER (Research Signpost Publishing, Kerala-India). 201 page.
  • Ayhan, K., Durlu-Özkaya, F. ve Tunail, N. 2005. Commercially important characteristics of Turkish origin domestic strains of S. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 58(3): 150-157.
  • Bayrak, A. 2006. Gıda Aromaları, Bölüm 3. Aroma Kimyası (133-134). Baran Ofset, Ankara 497 sayfa. ISBN: 9966-5476-0-3.
  • Blika, P.S., Stamatelatou, K., Kornaros, M. and Lyberatos, G. 2009. Anaerobıc digestion of olive mill wastewater. Global NEST Journal, 11(3): 364-372.
  • Campos, F. M., Couto, J.A. and Hogg, T.A. 2003. Influence of phenolic acids on growth and inactivation of Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus hilgardii. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94: 167–174.
  • Canbaş, A. ve Fenercioğlu, H. 1984. Şalgam suyu üzerinde bir araştırma. Gıda 9(5): 299-286.
  • Candogan, K., Wardlaw, F.B. and Acton, J.C. 2009. Effect of starter culture on proteolytic changes during processing of fermented beef sausages. Food Chemistry, 116(3): 731-737.
  • Cavin, J.F., Andioc,V., Etievant, P.X. and Divies, C. 1993. Ability of wine lactic acid bacteria to metabolize phenol carboxylic acids. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 44: 76-80.
  • Cavin, J.F., Barthelmebs, L., Guzzo, J., Van Beeumen, J., Samyn, B., Travers, J.F. and Divies, C. 1997. Purification and characterization of an inducible p-coumaric acid decarboxylase from Lactobacillus plantarum. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 147: 291-295. Chatonnet, P., Dubourdieu, D. and Boidron, Brettanomyces/Dekkera sp. yeasts and lactic acid bacteria on the ethlphenol content of red wines. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 46: 463-468. influence of
  • Cintas, L.M., Casaus, P., Fernandez, M.F. and Hernandez, P.E. 1998. Comparative antimicrobial activity of enterocin L50, pediocin PA-1, nisin A and lactocin S against spoilage and foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Food Microbiology, 15: 289-298.
  • Çon, A. ve Gökalp, H. 2000. Laktik asit bakterilerinin antimikrobiyal metabolitleri ve etki şekilleri. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 30: 180–190.
  • Cosansu, S. ve Ayhan, K. 2002. Fermente ürünler ve mikrobiyolojik bozulmaları. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayın No: 27, 33 sayfa.
  • Cosansu, S., Kuleasan, H., Ayhan, K. and Materon, L. 2007. Antimicrobial activity and protein profiles of Pediococcus spp. isolated from Turkish sucuk. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 31: 190-200.
  • Cosansu, S., Geornaras, I., Ayhan, K. and Sofos, J.N. 2010. Control of Listeria monocytogenes by bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici 13 and its antimicrobial substance in a dry fermented sausage sucuk and in turkey breast. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 49(4): 206-214.
  • Couto, J.A., Campos, F.M., Figueiredo, A.R. and How, T.A. 2006. Ability of lactic acid bacteria to produce volatile phenols. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 57: 166-171.
  • Curiel, J.A., Rodríguez, H., Landete, J.M., De las Rivas, B. and Muñoz, R. 2010. Ability of Lactobacillus brevis strains to degrade food phenolic acids. Food Chemistry, 120: 225-229.
  • Daeschel, M.A. and Fleming, H.P. 1984. Selection of lactic acid bacteria for use in vegetable fermentations. Food Microbiology, 1:303-313.
  • De las rivas, B., Rodriguez, H., Curiel, J.A., Landete, J.M. and Munoz, R. 2009. Molecular screening of wine lactic acid bacteria degrading hydroxycinnamic acids. Journal of Agriculturel Food Chemistry, 5: 490–494.
  • Di Cagno, R., Surico, R.F., Paradiso, A., De Angelis, M., Salmon, J.-C., Buchin, S., De Gara, L. and Gobbetti, M. 2009. Effect of autochtonous lactic acid bacteria starters on healthpromoting and sensory properties of tomato juices. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 128: 473–483.
  • Dinçer, E., Kıvanç, M. ve Karaca, H. 2010. Biyokoruyucu olarak laktik asit bakterileri ve bakteriyosinler. Gıda, 35(1): 55-62.
  • du Toit, M., Engelbrecht, L., Lerm, E. and Krieger-Weber, S. 2010. Lactobacillus: the next generation of malolactic fermentation starter cultures—an overview. Food Bioprocess Technology, doi: 10.1007/s11947-010-0448-8.
  • Durlu-Özkaya, F. 2001. Salamura beyaz peynirden izole edilen bazı laktokok, enterokok ve laktobasil suşlarının proteolitik aktivite, bakteriyosin etkenliği ve biyojen amin oluşumu açısından karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi. Ankara. 134 s.
  • Durlu-Özkaya, F., Xanthopoulos, V., Tunail, N. and Litopoulou-Tzanetaki, E. 2001. Technologically important properties of lactic acid bacteria isolates from Beyaz cheese made from raw ewes' milk. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 91: 861-870.
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Laktik Asit Fermentasyonunda Fenolik Bileşikler ve Önemi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 51 - 64, 01.06.2011

Öz

Laktik asit bakterilerinin (LAB) insan sağlığı üzerine pek çok yararının olduğu ve yıllardır fermente ürünlerin üretiminde güvenli kabul edilerek (GRAS-generally recognized as safe) kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Özellikle doğal olarak hammaddede varolan ya da ticari olarak starter kültür katkısıyla üretilen fermente ürünlerdeki laktik asit bakterileri fermentasyon sırasında son ürün olarak laktik asit üretebilmektedir. Laktik asit bakterileri ürünün güvenliğini, besinsel değerini, duyusal özelliklerini ve raf ömrünü korumak ve/veya geliştirmek için basit ve değerli bir biyoteknolojik uygulama olarak kabul edilmektedir. Diğer yandan, fenolik bileşiklerin aroma üzerinde önemli katkılarının olduğu ve maya yada LAB gibi mikroorganizmaların metabolizmaları sonucunda oluşabildiği bilinmektedir. Fenolik bileşikler ile laktik asit bakterileri arasındaki ilişki günümüzde dikkat çeken bir konudur. Bu ilişki LAB‘nin fenolik bileşikleri parçalayabilme özelliği ile ya da fenolik bileşiklerin bakteriyel gelişim üzerinde olumlu-olumsuz etkileri şeklinde olmak üzere farklı şekillerde ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu derleme makalede, laktik asit bakterileri ve fermentasyonları, fenolik bileşikler ve LAB ile fenolik bileşikler arasındaki ilişki tartışılmaya çalışılmıştır

Kaynakça

  • Alberto, M.R., Farias, M.E. and Manca de Nadra, M.C. 2001. Effect of gallic acid and catechin on Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w growth and metabolism of organic compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49: 4359–4363.
  • Alberto, M.R., Arena, M.E. and Manca de Nadra, M.C. 2007. Putrescine production from agmatine by Lactobacillus hilgardii: effect of phenolic compounds. Food Control, 18: 898- 903.
  • Altuntaş, E.G., Ayhan, K., Okcu, G.,Erkanlı, K., Balcı, M.H. ve Sonakın, S.S. 2010a. Çiğ süt ve peynir örneklerinden izole edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin antimikrobiyel aktiviteleri. Gıda 35(3): 197-203.
  • Altuntas, E.G., Cosansu, S. and Ayhan, K. 2010b. Some growth parameters and antimicrobial activity of a bacteriocin producing strain Pediococcus sp. 13. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 141(1-2): 28-31.
  • Akbaş, L.G. 2006. Değişik turşularda biyojen amin miktarları üzerine araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 96 s.
  • Akçelik, M. ve Ayhan, K. 1992. Laktik asit bakterilerinin tedavi edici rolü. Biyoteknoloji Haber Bülteni, 5:2-3.
  • Aktan, N. ve Kalkan, H. 1999. Sofralık zeytin teknolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir 122 s.
  • Arvanitoyannis, I.S. and Kassaveti, A. 2007. Current and potential uses of composted olive oil waste. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 42: 281–295.
  • Arvanitoyannis, I.S., Ladas, D. and Mavromatis, A. 2006. Wine waste treatment methodology. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 41: 1117–1151.
  • Ayhan, K., Kolsarıcı, N. and Özkan, G.A. 1999. The effects of a starter culture on the formation of biogenic amines in turkish soudjoucks. Meat Science 53:183-188.
  • Ayhan, K. and Durlu-Özkaya, F. 2007. Biogenic amines in foods. Chapter 5. ( In: Metabolism and Applications of Lactic Acid Bacteria). 87-113. ISBN: 978-81-308-0203-9. Ed: Barbaros ÖZER (Research Signpost Publishing, Kerala-India). 201 page.
  • Ayhan, K., Durlu-Özkaya, F. ve Tunail, N. 2005. Commercially important characteristics of Turkish origin domestic strains of S. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 58(3): 150-157.
  • Bayrak, A. 2006. Gıda Aromaları, Bölüm 3. Aroma Kimyası (133-134). Baran Ofset, Ankara 497 sayfa. ISBN: 9966-5476-0-3.
  • Blika, P.S., Stamatelatou, K., Kornaros, M. and Lyberatos, G. 2009. Anaerobıc digestion of olive mill wastewater. Global NEST Journal, 11(3): 364-372.
  • Campos, F. M., Couto, J.A. and Hogg, T.A. 2003. Influence of phenolic acids on growth and inactivation of Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus hilgardii. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94: 167–174.
  • Canbaş, A. ve Fenercioğlu, H. 1984. Şalgam suyu üzerinde bir araştırma. Gıda 9(5): 299-286.
  • Candogan, K., Wardlaw, F.B. and Acton, J.C. 2009. Effect of starter culture on proteolytic changes during processing of fermented beef sausages. Food Chemistry, 116(3): 731-737.
  • Cavin, J.F., Andioc,V., Etievant, P.X. and Divies, C. 1993. Ability of wine lactic acid bacteria to metabolize phenol carboxylic acids. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 44: 76-80.
  • Cavin, J.F., Barthelmebs, L., Guzzo, J., Van Beeumen, J., Samyn, B., Travers, J.F. and Divies, C. 1997. Purification and characterization of an inducible p-coumaric acid decarboxylase from Lactobacillus plantarum. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 147: 291-295. Chatonnet, P., Dubourdieu, D. and Boidron, Brettanomyces/Dekkera sp. yeasts and lactic acid bacteria on the ethlphenol content of red wines. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 46: 463-468. influence of
  • Cintas, L.M., Casaus, P., Fernandez, M.F. and Hernandez, P.E. 1998. Comparative antimicrobial activity of enterocin L50, pediocin PA-1, nisin A and lactocin S against spoilage and foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Food Microbiology, 15: 289-298.
  • Çon, A. ve Gökalp, H. 2000. Laktik asit bakterilerinin antimikrobiyal metabolitleri ve etki şekilleri. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 30: 180–190.
  • Cosansu, S. ve Ayhan, K. 2002. Fermente ürünler ve mikrobiyolojik bozulmaları. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayın No: 27, 33 sayfa.
  • Cosansu, S., Kuleasan, H., Ayhan, K. and Materon, L. 2007. Antimicrobial activity and protein profiles of Pediococcus spp. isolated from Turkish sucuk. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 31: 190-200.
  • Cosansu, S., Geornaras, I., Ayhan, K. and Sofos, J.N. 2010. Control of Listeria monocytogenes by bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici 13 and its antimicrobial substance in a dry fermented sausage sucuk and in turkey breast. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 49(4): 206-214.
  • Couto, J.A., Campos, F.M., Figueiredo, A.R. and How, T.A. 2006. Ability of lactic acid bacteria to produce volatile phenols. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 57: 166-171.
  • Curiel, J.A., Rodríguez, H., Landete, J.M., De las Rivas, B. and Muñoz, R. 2010. Ability of Lactobacillus brevis strains to degrade food phenolic acids. Food Chemistry, 120: 225-229.
  • Daeschel, M.A. and Fleming, H.P. 1984. Selection of lactic acid bacteria for use in vegetable fermentations. Food Microbiology, 1:303-313.
  • De las rivas, B., Rodriguez, H., Curiel, J.A., Landete, J.M. and Munoz, R. 2009. Molecular screening of wine lactic acid bacteria degrading hydroxycinnamic acids. Journal of Agriculturel Food Chemistry, 5: 490–494.
  • Di Cagno, R., Surico, R.F., Paradiso, A., De Angelis, M., Salmon, J.-C., Buchin, S., De Gara, L. and Gobbetti, M. 2009. Effect of autochtonous lactic acid bacteria starters on healthpromoting and sensory properties of tomato juices. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 128: 473–483.
  • Dinçer, E., Kıvanç, M. ve Karaca, H. 2010. Biyokoruyucu olarak laktik asit bakterileri ve bakteriyosinler. Gıda, 35(1): 55-62.
  • du Toit, M., Engelbrecht, L., Lerm, E. and Krieger-Weber, S. 2010. Lactobacillus: the next generation of malolactic fermentation starter cultures—an overview. Food Bioprocess Technology, doi: 10.1007/s11947-010-0448-8.
  • Durlu-Özkaya, F. 2001. Salamura beyaz peynirden izole edilen bazı laktokok, enterokok ve laktobasil suşlarının proteolitik aktivite, bakteriyosin etkenliği ve biyojen amin oluşumu açısından karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi. Ankara. 134 s.
  • Durlu-Özkaya, F., Xanthopoulos, V., Tunail, N. and Litopoulou-Tzanetaki, E. 2001. Technologically important properties of lactic acid bacteria isolates from Beyaz cheese made from raw ewes' milk. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 91: 861-870.
  • Ercolini, D., Villani, F., Aponte, M. and Mauriello, G. 2006. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation of Lactobacillus plantarum group on olives to be used in natural fermentations. International Journal of Food Microbiology 112: 291–296.
  • Garcı´a-Ruiz, A., Bartolome, B., Martı´nez-Rodrı´guez, A.J., Pueyo, E., Martı´n-A´ lvarez, P.J. and Moreno-Arribas, M.V. 2008. Potential of phenolic compouns for controlling lactic acid bacteria growth in wine. Food Control, 19: 835-841.
  • Hamdi, M., Garcia, J.L. and Ellouz, R. 1992. Integrated biological process for olive mill wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Engineering, 8: 79-84.
  • Herald, P.J. and Davidson, P.M. 1983. Antibacterial activity of selected hydroxycinammic acids. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1378–1379.
  • Heresztyn, T. 1986. Metabolism of volatile phenolic compounds from hydroxycinnamic acids by Brettanomyces yeast. Archives of Microbiology, 146: 96-98.
  • Herna´ndez, T., Estrella, I., Carlavilla, D., Martı´n-A´ lvarez, P. J. and Moreno-Arribas, M. V. 2006. Phenolic compounds in red wine subjected to industrial malolactic fermentation and ageing on lees. Analitica Chimica Acta, 563: 116–125.
  • Herna´ndez, T., Estrella, I., Pe´rez-Gordo, M., Alegrı´a, E-G., Tenorio, C. and Ruiz-Larrrea, F. 2007. Contribution of Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus plantarum to the non anthocyanin phenolic composicio´n of red wine during malolactic fermentation. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 55: 5260–5266.
  • İşleroğlu, H., Yıldırım, Z. ve Yıldırım, M. 2008. Yöresel peynirden antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip laktik asit bakterisinin izolasyonu ve tanısı. Gazi Osmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1): 1–6.
  • Jarboui, R., Hadrich, B., Gharsallah, N. and Ammar, E. 2009. Olive mill wastewater disposal in evaporation ponds in Sfax (Tunisia): moisture content effect on microbiological and physical chemical parameters. Biodegradation, 20: 845–858.
  • Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 2001. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. In 55th report of the joint WHO/FAO expert committee on food additives. WHO Technical Report series 901. World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland.
  • Juven, B., Henis, Y. and Jacoby, B. 1972. Studies on the mechanism of the antimicrobial action of oleuropein. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 35: 721-732.
  • Kachouri, F. and Hamdi, M. 2004. Enhancement of polyphenols in olive oil by contact with fermented olive mill wastewater by Lactobacillus plantarum. Process in Biochemistry, 39: 841–845.
  • Kammarer, D., Carle, R. and Schiber, A. 2004. Characterization of phenolics acids in black carrots (Daucus carota spp. sativus var. atrorubensa alef.) by high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrophotometry, 18(12): 1331-1340.
  • Klaenhammer, T.R. 1988. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria. Biochimie, 70(3): 337-349.
  • Kuleaşan, H. 2002. Laktobasiller tarafından üretilen bakteriyosinlerin tanımlanması, sınıflandırılması ve bunların bazı gıda kaynaklı patojenler üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Ank. Üniv. Fen Bil. Enst. Doktora tezi, 82 s.
  • Leroy, F. and De Vuyst, L. 2004. Lactic acid bacteria as functional starter cultures for the food fermentation industry. Trend in Food Science and Technology, 15: 67-78.
  • Lopes, M., Araujo, C., Aguedo, M., Gomes, N., Goncalves, C., Teixeira, J.A. and Belo, I. 2008. The use of olive mill wastewater by wild type Yarrowia lipolytica strains: medium supplementation and surfactant presence effect. Wiley Interscience, doi: 10.1002/jctb.2075.
  • Maicas, S., Pardo, I. and Ferrer, S. 1999. Continuous malolactic fermentation in red wine using free Oenococcus oeni. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 15: 737-739.
  • Manach, C., Scalbert, A., Morand, C., Rémés, C. and Jiménez, L. 2004. Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79: 727–747.
  • Martinez-Castellanos, G., Pelayo-Zaldívar, C., Pérez-Flores, L.J. , López-Luna, A., Gimeno, M., Eduardo Bárzana, E. and Shirai, K. 2011. Postharvest litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) quality preservation by Lactobacillus plantarum. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 59: 172-178.
  • Nizamlıoğlu, N.M. ve Nas, S. 2010. Meyve ve sebzelerde bulunan fenolik bileşikler; yapıları ve önemleri. Gıda Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi 5(1): 20-35.
  • O‘Keeffe, T. and Hill, C. 1999. Bacteriocins: Potential in food preservation. doi: 10.1006/rwfm.1999.0150.
  • Plengvidhya, V., Breidt, F., Lu, Z. and Fleming, H.P. 2007. DNA fingerprinting of lactic acid bacteria in sauerkraut fermentations. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73: 7697- 7702.
  • Reguant, C., Bordons, A., Arola, L. and Roze`s, N. 2000. Influence of phenolic compounds on the physiology of Oenococcus oeni from wine. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88: 1065–1071.
  • Rodriguez, H., Curiel J. A., Landete, J. M., Rivas, B., Felipe, F. L., Cordoves, C. G., Mancheno, J. M. and Munoz, R. 2009. Food phenolics and lactic acid bacteria. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 132: 79-90.
  • Rozès, N., Arola, L. and Bordons, A. 2003. Effect of phenolic compounds on the co metabolism of citric acid and sugars by Oenococcus oeni from wine. Letters in Applied Microbiology 36: 337–341.
  • Ruíz-Barba, J.L. and Jiménez-Díaz, R. 1994. Vitamin and amino acid requirements of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from green olive fermentations. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 76: 350–355.
  • Ruíz-Barba, J.L., Rios-Sánchez, R.M., Fedriani-Iriso, C., Olias, J.M., Rios, J.L. and Jiménez Díaz, R. 1990. Bactericidal effect of phenolic compounds from green olives on Lactobacillus plantarum. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 13: 199–205.
  • Ruíz-Barba, J.L., Garrido-Fernández, A. and Jiménez-Díaz, R. 1991. Bactericidal action of oleuropein extracted from green olives against Lactobacillus plantarum. Letters in Applied Microbiology 12: 65–68.
  • Seven, A. ve Ayhan, K. 1999. Starter kültür kullanılarak tamponlanmış ortamda havuç turşusu üretimi. XI. Kükem kongresi, 23(2): 9.
  • Sofos, J.N. and Geornaras, I. 2010. Overview of current meat hygiene and safety risks and summary of recent studies on biofilms, and control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in nonintact, and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat, meat products. Meat Science, 86: 2- 14.
  • Stead, D. 1993. The effect of hydroxycinnamic acids on the growth of wine-spoilage lactic acid bacteria. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 75: 135–141.
  • Temiz, A. ve Yılmaz, R. 2003. Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ve Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ‘un klasik ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak tanımlanması ve www.mikrobiyoloji.org/pdf/702030303.pdf Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi 1(3): 19–42.
  • Theobald, S., Pfeiffer, P., Zuber, U. and König, H. 2007. Influence of epigallocatechin gallate and phenolic compounds from green tea on the growth of Oenococcus oeni. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 104: 566–572.
  • Tunail, N. 2009. Mikrobiyoloji, Bölüm 9. Taksonomi ve prokaryotların sınıflandırılması (198- 199). Pelin Ofset, Ankara 448 sayfa. ISBN: 978-605-603-62-0-0.
  • Tunail, N. ve Köşker, Ö. 1989. Süt Mikrobiyolojisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, 966:17, 137 s.
  • Turgut, Z. 2006. Starter kültür kullanılarak üretilen hıyar turşularında biyojen amin oluşumu üzerine araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 72 s.
  • Utuş, D. 2008. Şalgam suyu üretiminde kullanılan siyah havuç (Daucus Carota) boyutunun şalgam suyu kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, 55 s.
  • Vivas, N., Lonvaud-Funel, A. and Glories, Y. 1997. Effect of phenolic acids and anthocyanins on growth, viability and malolactic activity of a lactic acid bacterium. Food Microbiology, 14: 291–300.
  • Whiting, C.G. and Coggins, R.A. 1969. Quinate metabolism by lactobacilli. Biochemical Journal 115: 60-61.
  • Yeşilada, Ö., Şık, S. and Şam, M. 1999. Treatment of olive oil mill wastewater with fungi Tr. J. of Biology, 23: 231-240.
Toplam 74 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gözde Okcu Bu kişi benim

Evrim GÜNEŞ Altuntaş Bu kişi benim

Kamuran Ayhan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2011
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Mart 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2011 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Okcu, G., Altuntaş, E. G., & Ayhan, K. (2011). Laktik Asit Fermentasyonunda Fenolik Bileşikler ve Önemi. Ordu Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 1(1), 51-64.