Could Low Serum Albumin Level Be a Risk Factor for Geriatric Syndromes?

Öz

There are many studies showing that low serum albumin levels increase the risk of morbidity and mortality in older adults. In this study, we aimed to examine whether there is a relationship between serum albumin levels and geriatric syndromes in older adults. The records of patients over the age of 65 who were admitted to the geriatric clinic between January 2014 and April 2018 and whose serum albumin levels were measured simultaneously with a comprehensive geriatric assessment were reviewed retrospectively. 802 patients who met the inclusion criteria and had no exclusion criteria were included in the study. Demographic data, comorbidities, serum albumin levels, geriatric syndromes were recorded for all patients. The mean age of the participants was 72.96±8.14 years and 66.7% were women. We determined falling in 30.5% of the patients, pain in 49.4%, urinary incontinence in 48.1%, polypharmacy in 47.7%, dementia in 19.3%, depression in 29.7%, malnutrition risk in 20.6% and malnutrition in 5.9%. Of the patients, 49.3% were prefrail and 21.2% were frail. In addition, probable sarcopenia was found in 30.9%, sarcopenia in 5.2%, and severe sarcopenia in 4.2% of the participants. The mean serum albumin level of all participants was 4.12±0.36 g/dl. When the relationship between serum albumin level and geriatric syndromes was examined, it was observed that the decrease in serum albumin level increased the risk of falls, pain, urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, dementia, malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia (p<0.05). This relationship continued when the effects of age, gender and nutritional status were removed (p<0.05). No relationship was found between serum albumin level and depression (p>0.05). Low serum albumin levels may be a predictor of geriatric syndromes such as falls, pain, urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, dementia, malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia. Geriatric syndromes that may accompany patients with decreased serum albumin levels should be kept in mind.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Albumin; geriatric syndrome; inflammation; nutrition; older adults

Düşük Serum Albümin Düzeyi Geriatrik Sendromlar İçin Risk Faktörü Olabilir mi?

Öz

Düşük serum albümin düzeyinin yaşlı hastalarda morbidite ve mortalite risk artışı ile ilişkisi çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yaşlılarda serum albümin düzeyleri ile geriatrik sendromlar arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığının incelenmesini amaçladık. Ocak 2014-Nisan 2018 tarihleri arasında geriatri kliniğine ayaktan başvuran ve ayrıntılı geriatrik değerlendirme ile eş zamanlı serum albümin düzeyi bakılan 65 yaş üstü hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan ve dışlama kriteri bulunmayan 802 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bütün hastaların demografik verileri, komorbiditeleri, kan serum albümin düzeyleri, geriatrik sendromlar kaydedildi. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 72,96±8,14 yıl ve %66,7’si kadın idi. Hastaların %30,5’inde düşme, %49,4’ünde ağrı, %48,1’inde üriner inkontinans, %47,7’sinde polifarmasi, %19,3’ünde demans, %29,7’sinde depresyon, %20,6’sinde malnütrisyon riski ve %5,9’unda malnütrisyon saptandı. %49,3’ü kırılgan adayı ve %21,2’si kırılgandı. Ek olarak, %30,9 hastada muhtemel sarkopeni, %5,2 hastada sarkopeni ve %4,2 hastada şiddetli sarkopeni saptandı. Tüm hastaların ortalama serum albümin düzeyi 4,12±0,36 g/dl idi. Serum albümin düzeyi ile geriatrik sendromlar arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde serum albümin düzeyindeki düşüşün düşme, ağrı, üriner inkontinans, polifarmasi, demans, malnütrisyon, kırılganlık ve sarkopeni riskini artırdığı görüldü (p<0,05). Bu ilişki yaş, cinsiyet ve nütrisyon durumunun etkisi ortadan kaldırıldığında devam etti (p<0,05). Serum albümin düzeyi ve depresyon arasında ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05). Düşük serum albümin düzeyleri düşme, ağrı, üriner inkontinans, polifarmasi, demans, malnütrisyon, kırılganlık ve sarkopeni gibi geriatrik sendromlar için bir öngördürücü olabilir. Serum albümin düzeyinde düşüş olan hastalarda eşlik edebilecek geriatrik sendromlar akılda tutulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Albümin
• geriatrik sendrom
• inflamasyon
• nütrisyon
• yaşlı

Kaynakça

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