Araştırma Makalesi

Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever

Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2 21 Haziran 2026
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Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever

Öz

Objective: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with hematological malignancies and requires prompt empirical antimicrobial therapy. The study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, microbiological profiles, treatment responses, and outcomes of FN episodes in pediatric patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 397 FN episodes in 88 children aged 0–18 years treated at Baskent University Hospital was conducted. Clinical findings, laboratory parameters, and microbiological results were analyzed to identify causative organisms and predictors of adverse outcomes. Results: Secondary FN episodes were more likely to persist for seven days or longer and required modification of empirical antibiotic therapy more frequently than primary episodes. Thrombocytopenia, low absolute monocyte counts, and elevated total and direct bilirubin levels were observed more commonly during secondary episodes. Clinically documented infections were identified in more than half of all FN episodes, and microbiological pathogens were isolated in 54.9% of cases. Gram-positive organisms predominated, followed by Gram-negative bacteria. Poor or delayed early response to empirical antibiotic therapy was frequently associated with severe infection and bacteremia. Conclusion: These findings indicate that FN remains a significant clinical challenge in pediatric hematological malignancies. Secondary FN episodes, prolonged neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated bilirubin levels, and inadequate early treatment response were associated with more severe clinical courses. Early recognition of high-risk features and adaptation of empirical therapy based on local microbiological patterns may improve clinical outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

There is no financial support.

Proje Numarası

KA12-117

Etik Beyan

This retrospective study was approved by the Baskent University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Date: 2012/5/22, decision no: KA 12/117) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Teşekkür

I sincerely thank my thesis advisor, Prof. Dr. İsmail Zafer Ecevit, for his guidance and support, and Prof. Dr. Esra Baskın for her inspiring mentorship and ethical example. I am grateful to Prof. Dr. Namık Özbek for his encouragement, and to Dr. Ayşe Canan Yazıcı and M. Agah Tekindal for their help with the statistical analysis. I also thank all the faculty who generously shared their knowledge and experience throughout my training.

Kaynakça

  1. 1. Düzenli Kar Y, Özdemir ZC, Bör Ö. Evaluation of febrile neutropenic attacks of pediatric hematology-oncology patients. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2017;52(4):213-220. doi:10.5152/TurkPediatriArs.2017.5312
  2. 2. Freifeld AG, Bow EJ, Sepkowitz KA, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(4):e56-e93. doi:10.1093/cid/cir073
  3. 3. Castagnola E, Fontana V, Caviglia I, et al. A prospective study on the epidemiology of febrile episodes during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with cancer or after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(10):1296-1304. doi:10.1086/522533
  4. 4. Lehrnbecher T, Fisher BT, Phillips B, et al. Guideline for antibacterial prophylaxis administration in pediatric cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(2):226-236. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz1082
  5. 5. Lehrnbecher T, Phillips B, Alexander S, et al. Guideline for the management of fever and neutropenia in children with cancer and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation recipients. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(35):4427-4438. doi:10.1200/JCO.2012.42.7161
  6. 6. Avilés-Robles M, Schnur JJ, Dorantes-Acosta E, et al. Predictors of septic shock or bacteremia in children experiencing febrile neutropenia post-chemotherapy. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2022;11(11):498-503. doi:10.1093/jpids/piac080
  7. 7. Haeusler GM, Slavin MA, Bryant PA, et al. Management of fever and neutropenia in children with cancer: a survey of Australian and New Zealand practice. J Paediatr Child Health. 2018;54(7):761-769. doi:10.1111/jpc.13899
  8. 8. Lehrnbecher T, Averbuch D, Castagnola E, et al. 8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia: 2020 guidelines for the use of antibiotics in paediatric patients with cancer or post-hematopoietic cell transplantation. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(6):e270-e280. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30725-7

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

21 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

24 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

11 Nisan 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Perk Yücel, P., Ecevit, İ. Z., Malbora, B., & Özbek, N. Y. (2026). Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences, 11(2), 167-173. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1848106
AMA
1.Perk Yücel P, Ecevit İZ, Malbora B, Özbek NY. Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever. OTSBD. 2026;11(2):167-173. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1848106
Chicago
Perk Yücel, Peren, İsmail Zafer Ecevit, Baris Malbora, ve Namık Yaşar Özbek. 2026. “Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11 (2): 167-73. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1848106.
EndNote
Perk Yücel P, Ecevit İZ, Malbora B, Özbek NY (01 Haziran 2026) Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11 2 167–173.
IEEE
[1]P. Perk Yücel, İ. Z. Ecevit, B. Malbora, ve N. Y. Özbek, “Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever”, OTSBD, c. 11, sy 2, ss. 167–173, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.26453/otjhs.1848106.
ISNAD
Perk Yücel, Peren - Ecevit, İsmail Zafer - Malbora, Baris - Özbek, Namık Yaşar. “Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences 11/2 (01 Haziran 2026): 167-173. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1848106.
JAMA
1.Perk Yücel P, Ecevit İZ, Malbora B, Özbek NY. Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever. OTSBD. 2026;11:167–173.
MLA
Perk Yücel, Peren, vd. “Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever”. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences, c. 11, sy 2, Haziran 2026, ss. 167-73, doi:10.26453/otjhs.1848106.
Vancouver
1.Peren Perk Yücel, İsmail Zafer Ecevit, Baris Malbora, Namık Yaşar Özbek. Relationship Between Risk Factors, Causative Microorganisms, and Prognosis in Pediatric Patients with Neutropenic Fever. OTSBD. 01 Haziran 2026;11(2):167-73. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1848106

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