Yeni Ürün Geliştirmede Proje Risk Yönetimi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 11, 01.12.2011

Akif Emiroğlu

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Yeni Ürün Geliştirmede Proje Risk Yönetimi

Öz

Ürün geliştirme, mevcut ürünlere kıyasla müşteri ihtiyaçlarına daha uygun ürünlerin pazara sürülmesini amaçlayan süreçtir. Ürün geliştirme, ürünü farklılaştırmak, yenilemek, hatta başka bir ürüne dönüştürmektir. Yeni ürün geliştirme bir “bilgi üretim işlemi”dir. Ürün geliştirme pazar fırsatları ve teknik olanaklarla ilgili verilerle başlar, onları üretim ve teslimat için bilgi değerlerine çevirir, güvenilir ve kesin olmayan bilgiler kesin bilgilere dönüştürülür. Yeni ürün geliştirme belirsizliklerle karşı karşıyadır; nihai “reçete” bilinmemekte, işlemler sürecinde doğmaktadır, kararlar yetersiz bilgilerle alınmaktadır. Süreç ilerlerken belirsizlikler giderek azalır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeni Ürün Geliştirme, Belirsizlik, Risk

Kaynakça

• Adler, R., D. A. Levinthal. “Real Options and Real Tradeoffs”, Academy of Management Review. 29:1, 2004, 120-126.
• Ambros-Ingerson, J., S. Steel, “Integrating Plannng, Execution and Monitoring”, Seventh National Conference, Artificial Intelligence. AAAI-1988, 735-740.
• Amit, R., J. Brander, C. Zott. “Why do Venture Capital Firms Exist? Theory and Canadian Evidence”, Journal of Business Venturing. 13, 1998, 441-466.
• Bank, D. “The Java Saga”, Wired (December) 1995, 166-169, 238-246.
• Beinhocker, E. D. “Robust Adaptive Strategies”, Sloan Management Review. :3, 1999, 95-106.
• Ben-Haim, Y. Information Gap Decision Theory: Decisions Under Severe Uncertainty. London: Academic Pres, 2001.
• Bhattacharya, S., V. Krishnan, V. Mahajan. “Managing New Product Definition in Highly Dynamic Environments”, Management Science. 1998, 44, S50-S64.
• Brokaw, L. The Truth About Start-ups. Inc. April 1991, 52-67.
• Browning, T. R., J. J. Deyst, S. D. Eppinger, D. E. Whitney. “Adding Value in Product Development by Creating Information and Reducing Risk”, IEEE Transactions On Engineering Management. 49:4, 2002, 443-458.
• Chapman, C., S. Ward. Project Risk Management: Processes, Techniques and Insights. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons. 1997.
• Chesbrough, H., R. S. Rosenbloom. “The Role of the Business Model in Capturing Value from Innovation: Evidence from Xerox Corporation’s Technology Spinoff Companies”, Industrial and Corporate Change. 11:3, 2002, 555.
• Dahan, E., H. Mendelson. “An Extreme Value Model of Concept Testing”, Management Science. 48:2, 2001, 102-116.
• Ding, M., J. Eliashberg. “Structuring the New Product Development Pipeline”, Management Science. 48:2, 2002, 343-363.
• Drucker, P. Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles. New York: Harper & Row, 1985.
• Eisenhardt, K. M., B. N. Tabrizi. “Accelerating Adaptive Processes: Product Innovation in the Global Computer Industry”. Administrative Sciences. Quart, 40, , 84-110. Emiroğlu, Akif. Ticari Açıdan Yatırım Projeleri: Planlanması, Hazırlanması, Finansmanı, Yönetimi, Değerlendirilmesi ve Teşviki, Bursa: Ekin Kitabevi, 2. Baskı, 2010.
• Goldratt, E. M. Critical Chain. Great Barrington: North River Pres, 1997.
• Iansiti, M., A. MacCormack. “Developing Products on Internet Time”. Harvard Business Review. September – October, 1997, 108-117.
• Kendrick, T. Identifying and Managing Project Risk. New York: American Management Association, 2003.
• Leonard-Barton, D. Wellsprings of Knowledge. Boston: HBS Press, 1995.
• Loch, C. H., A. De Meyer, M.T. Pich. Managing the Unknown. Hoboken: Wiley, Loch, C. H., M. E. Solt, ve E. Bailey. “Diagnosing Unforeseeable Uncertainty in a New Venture”. Forthcoming, Journal of Product Innovation Management. 2007.
• Lynn, G. S., J. G. Monore, A.S. Paulson. “Marketing and Discontinuous Innovation: the Probe and Learn Process”, California Management Review. 38:3, , 8-37. MacCormack, A., R. Verganti, M. Iansiti. “Developing Products on Internet Time”: The Anatomy of a Flexible Development Process”, Management Science. :1, 2001, 133-150.
• McGrath, R. G. “Exploratory Learning, Innovative Capacity, and Managerial Oversight”, Academy of Management Journal. 44:1, 2001, 118-131.
• McGrath, R. G., I. C. MacMillan. “Discovery Driven Planning”, Harvard Business Review. July-August 1995, 44-54.
• McGrath, R. G., I. C. MacMillan. The Entrepreneurial Mindset. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2000. Marketing Perspective”, Journal of Developmental
• Regev, S. A., Shtub, Y. Ben-Haim. “Managing Project Risks as Knowledge Gaps”, Project Management Journal. 2006.
• Russo, E., P.J. H. Shoemaker. Decision Traps. New York: Simon & Schuster, Schoemaker, P. J. H., R. E. Gunter. “The Wisdom of Deliberate Mistakes”, Harvard Review. June 2006, 109-115.
• Schrader, S., W. M. Riggs, R. P. Smith. “Choice Over Uncertainty and Ambiguity in Technical Problem Sloving”, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 10, 1993, 73-99.
• Smith, P. G., G. M. Merritt. Proactive Risk Management. New York: Productivity Press, 2002.
• Sobek, D. K. Il, A. C. Ward, J. K. Liker. “Toyota’s Principles of Set-Based Concurrent Engineering”, Sloan Management Review. 40, 1999, 67-83.
• Sommer, S. C., C. H. Loch, “Selectionism and Learning in Projects With Complexity and Unforeseeable Uncertainty”, Management Science. 5(10), 2004, 1347.
• Stalk, G. Jr., A. M. Webber. “Japan’s Dark Side of Time”, Harvard Business Review. 71(4), 1993, 93-102.
• Thomke, S. H. “The Role of Flexibility in the Development of New Products: An Empirical Study”, Research Policy. 26, 1997, 105-119.