Çocuk Psikopatolojilerine Algısal Gelişim Perspektifinden Bakış

Yıl 2024, Erken Görünüm, 1 - 14

Elifcan Cesur , Yağmur Demirci

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.1409722

Öz

Giriş: Bu araştırmada Psikopatolojik bozukluk gösteren çocukların tanılarına göre duyusal, bilişsel ve duygusal algılama becerilerini belirlemek hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem: Nedensel karşılaştırma modeliyle yürütülen çalışmanın örneklem grubu amaçlı örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemleriyle oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmaya çocukları otizm spektrum bozukluğu, dikkat eksikliği/aşırı hareket bozukluğu, özgül öğrenme bozukluğu ya da anlıksal yeti yitimi tanılı 6-10 yaş arasında çocukları olan ebeveynler ile 6-10 yaş arasında tipik gelişim gösteren çocuğu olan toplam 620 ebeveyn katılmıştır. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Algısal Beceriler Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda erkeklerin tüm algılama alanlarında kızlardan daha fazla zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Algılama alanlarının etkileşim halinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çocukların psikopatolojik tanıları ölçeğin tüm alt boyutları üzerinde anlamlı bir fark oluşturmuştur. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanılı çocuklar algısal becerilerde diğer gruplara göre daha fazla desteğe ihtiyaç duyarken, özgül öğrenme bozukluğu tanılı çocuklar daha az desteğe ihtiyaç duymaktadır.
Tartışma: Bulgular Algısal Beceriler Ölçeği’nin tanı grupları arasında kabaca bir sıralama yapabildiğini göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak Algısal Beceriler Ölçeği tıbbı tanılamada kullanılabilecek fonksiyonel bir ölçek olabilir. Bu nedenle ileriki çalışmalarda tıbbı tanılama aşamasındaki çocuklara uygulanarak tanı gruplarına ait kesim puanları hesaplanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Algısal gelişim, işlevsel değerlendirme, otizm spektrum bozukluğu, dikkat eksikliği/aşırı hareket bozukluğu, özgül öğrenme bozukluğu, anlıksal yeti yitimi

Etik Beyan

Araştırmada Kırklareli Üniversitesi Senatosu Etik Komisyonuna başvurulmuş ve etik kurul onayı (Evrak Tarih ve Karar no: 22.06.2023-89491) alınmıştır.

A Study on Child Psychopathology Based on Perspective of Perceptual Development

Öz

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the sensory, cognitive, and emotional perception skills of children who have psychopathological disorders according to their diagnoses.
Method: The sample group of the study, which was conducted with a causal-comparative model, was formed by purposeful sampling and snowball sampling methods. A total of 620 parents of children who were aged between 6 and 10 and who had children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, specific learning disorder, or intellectual disability, and parents with typically developing children who were between the ages of 6 and 10 were included in the study. The data were collected by using the Personal Information Form and Perceptual Skills Scale.
Findings: As a result of the analyses, it was found that boys had more difficulties than girls in all perception areas and sensing fields interacted with each other. Also, children’s psychopathological diagnoses caused a significant difference in all sub-dimensions of the scale. Although children who are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder need more support in perceptual skills than other groups, children who are diagnosed with Specific Learning Disorders need less support.
Discussion: The results of the present study showed that the Perceptual Skills Scale can perform a rough ranking between diagnostic groups. In conclusion, the Perceptual Skills Scale can be a functional tool to be used in medical diagnosis. For this reason, cut-off scores for diagnostic groups can be calculated by applying them to children at the medical diagnosis stage.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Perceptual development, functional assessment, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder, intellectual disability

Kaynakça

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