Brain-Computer interfaces with auditory stimuli: A review study

Abstract

This study examines auditory stimulus interface studies, an essential development in brain-computer interfaces. Brain-computer interfaces help individuals with limited motor skills communicate without any muscle intervention. Electroencephalogram is the most frequently used method in brain-computer interface studies. Interfaces developed using auditory evoked potentials obtained from electroencephalogram signals are used in fields such as auditory spellers, mood research, and device control. However, compared to visual and tactile stimuli, interfaces with auditory stimuli appear to perform lower in accuracy and information transfer. Interfaces based on auditory stimuli are essential because they allow communication in individuals with no muscle activity and limited vision. This study reviews the design, classification, and evaluation stages of auditory brain-computer interfaces and examines the studies done in the literature.

Keywords

• Brain-Computer interface
• Auditory evoked potential
• Electroencephalogram

İşitsel uyaranlı beyin-bilgisayar arayüzleri: Bir derleme çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışma, beyin-bilgisayar arayüzleri alanında önemli bir gelişme olan işitsel uyaranlı arayüz çalışmalarının incelenmesine odaklanmaktadır. Beyin-bilgisayar arayüzleri, motor becerileri kısıtlı bireylerin herhangi bir kas müdahalesi olmadan iletişim kurmalarına yardımcı olmaktadır. Elektroensefalogram beyin bilgisayar aryüzü çalışmalarında en sık kullanılan yöntemdir. Elektroensefalogram sinyallerinden elde edilen işitsel uyarılmış potansiyeller kullanılarak geliştirilen arayüzler işitsel heceleyici, duygu durum araştırmaları ve cihaz kontrolü gibi farklı alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Ancak görsel ve dokunsal uyaranlarla karşılaştırıldığında, işitsel uyaranlı arayüzlerin doğruluk ve bilgi aktarımı açısından daha düşük performans gösterdiği görülmektedir. Herhangi bir kas aktivitesi bulunmyan ve aynı zamanda görme yetisi de kısıtlanmış bireylerde işitsel uyaranlara dayalı arayüzler, iletişim kurma imkanı sunması nedeniyle önemlidir. Bu çalışma, işitsel uyaranlı beyin-bilgisayar arayüzlerinin tasarım, sınıflandırma ve değerlendirme aşamaları hakkında bir inceleme sunmakta ve literatürde yapılmış olan çalışmaları incelemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beyin bilgisayar aryüzü
• İşitsel uyarılmış potansiyel
• Elektroensefalogram

Kaynakça

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