Araştırma Makalesi

The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m

Cilt: 32 Sayı: 5 13 Eylül 2026
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The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m

Öz

Deep learning–based object detection systems are widely employed in various domains such as security, healthcare, mobile systems, and smart city infrastructures. The performance of these systems depends not only on the chosen architectures but also directly on the quality of the input data. Lossy compression formats such as JPEG can introduce visual distortions known as artifacts-especially at low quality levels-which significantly reduce detection accuracy and stability. This study systematically investigates the effects of different JPEG compression quality levels (QF=30, QF=60, QF=90) on deep learning–based object detection models. For this purpose, three versions of the YOLO (You Only Look Once) architecture (YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m) were compared under identical data structures, parameters, and experimental conditions. During the revision process, the previously single-class dataset containing only the “person” category was extended to a multi-class dataset including “person,” “car,” “dog,” and “bicycle.” In addition, fine-tuning was performed on low-quality (QF=30) images to re-evaluate the robustness of the models. Experimental analyses focused on standard evaluation metrics such as mAP@0.5 (mean Average Precision), mAP@0.5:0.95, Precision, Recall, and FPS (Frames Per Second). The findings reveal that as JPEG quality decreases, all models experience performance degradation; however, fine-tuning significantly mitigates these losses. The YOLOv5m model demonstrated more stable performance on low-quality data, while YOLOv8m provided a balanced trade-off between accuracy and speed. YOLOv11m achieved the highest mAP values under high-quality conditions. This study comparatively examines both earlier and recent YOLO architectures to provide a comprehensive evaluation of model robustness against compression-induced distortions. The obtained results contribute to enhancing the reliability of AI-based object detection systems operating on compressed images and to guiding future research in this field. The proposed comparative framework can be extended to other degradation types such as blur, noise, and motion for broader generalization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. [1] Redmon J, Divvala S, Girshick R, Farhadi A. “You only look once: Unified, real-time object detection”. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, USA, 27-30 June 2016.
  2. [2] Bochkovskiy A, Wang CY, Liao HYM. “YOLOv4: Optimal speed and accuracy of object detection”. arXiv, 2020. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.10934.
  3. [3] Shroff M. “Know your Neural Network Architecture More by Understanding These Terms”. https://velog.io/@peterkim/Object-Detection에서-말하는-Backbone-Neck-Head (02.07.2025).
  4. [4] Wang CY, Bochkovskiy A, Liao HYM. “YOLOv7: Trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectors”. IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Vancouver, Canada, 18-22 June 2023.
  5. [5] Ultralytics. “Ultralytics YOLOv8 Documentation”. https://docs.ultralytics.com/models/yolov8#citations-and-acknowledgments (12.05.2025).
  6. [6] Gandor T, Nalepa J. “First Gradually, Then Suddenly: Understanding the Impact of Image Compression on Object Detection Using Deep Learning”. Sensors, 22(3), 2022.
  7. [7] Hao Y, Pei H, Lyu Y, Yuan Z, Rizzo JR, Wang Y, Fang Y. “Understanding the Impact of Image Quality and Distance of Objects to Object Detection Performance”. arXiv, 2022.
  8. [8] Yoon J, Cho NI. “JPEG Artifact Reduction Based on Deformable Offset Gating Network Controlled by a Variational Autoencoder”. IEEE Access, 11, 2023.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Algoritmalar ve Hesaplama Kuramı

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

11 Eylül 2026

Yayımlanma Tarihi

13 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

6 Temmuz 2025

Kabul Tarihi

18 Ocak 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA
Temür, G. (2026). The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(5), 1023-1032. https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.23735
AMA
1.Temür G. The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;32(5):1023-1032. doi:10.65206/pajes.23735
Chicago
Temür, Günay. 2026. “The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 32 (5): 1023-32. https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.23735.
EndNote
Temür G (01 Eylül 2026) The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 32 5 1023–1032.
IEEE
[1]G. Temür, “The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 32, sy 5, ss. 1023–1032, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.65206/pajes.23735.
ISNAD
Temür, Günay. “The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 32/5 (01 Eylül 2026): 1023-1032. https://doi.org/10.65206/pajes.23735.
JAMA
1.Temür G. The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;32:1023–1032.
MLA
Temür, Günay. “The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 32, sy 5, Eylül 2026, ss. 1023-32, doi:10.65206/pajes.23735.
Vancouver
1.Günay Temür. The impact of JPEG compression artifacts on YOLO-Based object detection models: A comparative study of YOLOv5m, YOLOv8m, and YOLOv11m. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 01 Eylül 2026;32(5):1023-32. doi:10.65206/pajes.23735