Uyumsuz iş setlerini içeren karmaşık montaj hattı dengeleme problemi için bastırılmamış sınıflandırmalı karınca koloni optimizasyonu algoritması

Öz

İki-taraflı montaj hatları otomotiv endüstrisinde otobüs, kamyon ve otomobil gibi geniş hacimli ürünlerin üretiminde yoğunlukla kullanılmaktadır. Karışık modelli hatlar ise üreticilere müşterilerin kişiselleştirilmiş talebini uygun maliyetle ve istenen kalitede ulaştırmak için yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışma uyumsuz iş gruplarını içeren karışık-modelli iki taraflı montaj hatlarını konu almaktadır ve hat etkinliğini maksimize etmek için birbiriyle çelişen iki amacı (çevrim zamanı ve istasyon sayısı) minimize eden yeni bir yöntem önermektedir. Böyle bir yaklaşım montaj hattı alanında tip-E olarak adlandırılan probleme işaret etse de önerilen bastırılmamış sınıflandırmalı karınca koloni algoritması (NSACO) diğer çözümleri her iki amaç açısından da bastıran çözüm seti sunmaktadır (pareto yüzey çözümler). Çözümler arasından en yüksek hat etkinliğine sahip olanı en iyi çözüm olarak belirlenmektedir. İki farklı çözüm her iki amaç açısından da aynı değerlere sahip olduğu zaman, ilave bir performans kriteri uygulanmaktadır. Her iki amaç da aynı değerlere sahip olduğu zaman daha düzgün iş yükü dağılımına sahip olan çözüm tercih edilmektedir. NSACO tanımlanmıştır ve çalışma prensibi bir sayısal örnek üzerinden anlatılmıştır. Algoritmanın performansı, uyumsuz iş seti kısıtlarını dikkate alarak ve almayarak iki durum altında test edilmiştir ve araştırma sonuçları ilk defa sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki NSACO ümit verici çözüm kapasitesine sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Montaj hattı dengeleme,Karışık-model,İki taraflı hatlar,Uyumsuz iş seti kısıtları,Bastırılmamış sınıflandırmalı karınca koloni optimizasyonu

A nondominated sorting ant colony optimization algorithm for complex assembly line balancing problem incorporating incompatible task sets

Abstract

Two-sided assembly lines are heavily used in automotive industry for producing large-sized products such as buses, trucks and automobiles. Mixed-model lines help manufacturers satisfy customized demands at a reasonable cost with desired quality. This paper addresses to mixed-model two-sided lines incorporating incompatible task groups and proposes a new method for minimizing two conflicting objectives, namely cycle time and the number of workstations, to maximize line efficiency. While such an approach yields to a so-called type-E problem in the line balancing domain, the proposed nondominated sorting ant colony optimization (NSACO) approach provides a set of solutions dominating others in terms of both objectives (pareto front solutions). The solution which has the highest line efficiency among pareto front solutions is then determined as the best solution. An additional performance criterion is also applied when two different solutions have the same values for both objectives. The solution which has the smoother workload distribution is favoured when both criteria are the same. NSACO is described and a numerical example is provided to exhibit its running mechanism. The performance of the algorithm is tested through test problems in two conditions, i.e. incompatible task sets are considered and not considered, and computational results are presented for the first time. The results indicate that NSACO has a promising solution capacity.

Keywords

• Assembly line balancing,Mixed-model,Two-sided lines,Incompatible task set constraints,Nondominated sorting ant colony optimization

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