Et ürünlerinde nitrit/nitrat azaltılmasına yönelik doğal uygulamalar

Öz

Nitrit ve nitratın et ürünlerindeki en temel görevi; gıda zehirlenmesine neden olan Clostridium botulinum’un çoğalmasını ve toksin oluşturmasını engellemesidir. Salam ve sosis gibi kürlenmiş, ısıl işlem uygulanmış ürünlerin arzu edilen parlak, pembemsi-kırmızı rengini nitrit ve nitrat kullanımıyla oluşan nitrosohemokrom sağlamaktadır. Et ürünlerinde fazla miktarda kullanılan nitrit veya nitratların bakteriyel indirgenmesi veya gıdada bulunan sekonder ve tersiyer aminlerin nitrit ile reaksiyonu sonucu kanserojenik etkili nitrosaminler oluşmaktadır. Nitrit/nitratların kansorejen risk taşıması sebebiyle tüketiciler doğal gıdalar talep etmektedir. Son zamanlarda bilim insanları et ürünlerinin üretiminde nitrit veya nitrat kullanımına alternatif doğal maddeler üzerine çalışmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada et endüstrisinde kullanım potansiyeli olan nitrit/nitrata alternatif maddeler konusunda yapılmış çalışmaların derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kürlenmiş et ürünü,Nitrit,Nitrat,Antimikrobiyal bileşik,Bitki özütleri

Natural applications for nitrite/nitrate reduction in meat products

Öz

The main function of nitrite and nitrate in meat products is to prevent Clostridium botulinum growth which causes food poisoning and toxic information. The desired bright, pinkish-red color of the cured, heat treated products such as salami and sausage provides nitrosohemochromium formed by the use of nitrite and nitrate. Bacterial reduction of excess nitrite or nitrates in meat products or reaction with nitrite in secondary and tertiary amines present in food form carcinogenic nitrosamines. Due to the risk of carcinogenicity of nitrite/nitrates, consumers are demanding natural foods. Scientists have recently been working on alternative natural ingredients for the use of nitrite or nitrate in the production of meat products. In this study, it is aimed to compile the studies about nitrite/nitrate alternative substances which have potential use in meat industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cured meat product,Nitrite,Nitrate,Antimicrobial compound,Plant extracts

Kaynakça

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