Investigation of waste animal fat based biodiesel fuels’ usage in a common rail direct injection diesel engine: Performance and combustion characteristics

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 396 - 402, 28.08.2019

Hüseyin Şanlı

Öz

In
this study, biodiesel fuels were produced from waste chicken fat and waste
fleshing oil with high free fatty acids, and those were tested in a common
rail-DI diesel engine at constant engine speed of 2000 rpm and five different
engine loads (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 Nm). The effects of biodiesel fuels on
the engine’s performance and combustion characteristics were investigated in
comparison with petroleum-based diesel fuel (PBDF) which was the reference fuel.
As compared to PBDF, brake specific fuel consumptions of biodiesels were higher
but their thermal efficiencies were lower. The differences between performance
characteristics became more pronounced with increasing engine load. In-cylinder
pressures which were attained in pilot injection were higher with PBDF at all
engine loads, while higher pressures were attained in main injection with
biodiesel fuels at 125 and 150 Nm. The most critical differences between
in-cylinder pressures and heat release rates were found at 125 Nm. The ignition
delays varied with engine load; but for all test fuels it usually increased
with engine load. While the combustion durations of biodiesel fuels were close
to each other, PBDF’s combustion durations were relatively higher at all engine
loads tested.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Waste animal fat, Biodiesel, Engine test, Performance, Combustion

Atık hayvansal yağ kökenli biyomotorin yakıtların ortak-hat direkt püskürtmeli bir diesel motorda kullanımının incelenmesi: Performans ve yanma karakteristikleri

Öz

Bu
çalışmada, yüksek serbest yağ asidi içeriğine sahip atık tavuk yağı ve atık
deri yağından biyomotorin yakıtları üretilmiş ve ortak-hat direkt püskürtmeli
bir diesel motorda 2000 d/d sabit motor devrinde ve beş farklı motor yükünde
(50, 75, 100, 125 ve 150 Nm) test edilmişlerdir. Biyomotorinlerin motor
performans ve yanma karakteristikleri üzerindeki etkileri referans yakıt olan
petrol türevi diesel yakıtı (motorin) ile karşılaştırılmalı olarak
incelenmiştir. Motorine kıyasla; biyomotorin yakıtların fren özgül yakıt
tüketimleri daha yüksek, termik verimleri ise daha düşük olmuştur. Performans
karakteristikleri arasındaki farklar motor yükü ile daha belirgin bir hal almıştır.
Pilot püskürtmede motorin ile tüm motor yüklerinde daha yüksek basınç
değerlerine ulaşılırken, 125 ve 150 Nm yük şartlarında ana püskürtmede
biyomotorinler ile daha yüksek basınçlar elde edilmiştir. Silindir içi basıncı
ve ısı yayılım oranları arasındaki en kritik fark 125 Nm’de görülmüştür.
Tutuşma gecikmesi süreleri motor yükü ile farklılıklar göstermiş; fakat tüm
yakıtlar için genellikle motor yükü ile birlikte artmıştır. Biyomotorin
yakıtların yanma süreleri birbirlerine yakınken, tüm motor yüklerinde motorinin
yanma süresi daha uzun olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atık hayvansal yağ, Biyomotorin, Motor test, Performans, Yanma

Kaynakça

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