İki aşamalı insansız hava aracı destekli topla-dağıt rotalama problemi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1

Tolga Gedikli İsmail Karaoğlan

Öz

Son dönemlerde insansız hava araçları (İHA) teknolojisinin lojistik süreçlerde kullanılma potansiyeli ve bu alanda yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler, İHA destekli rotalama problemlerini akademik ve endüstriyel açıdan önemli bir araştırma konusu haline getirmiştir. Bu makalede, iki aşamalı İHA destekli rotalama problemi ele alınmıştır. Bu problemde, toplam çalışma süresini en küçükleyecek şekilde, kendisine yüklenen ürünler ve İHA’lar ile depodan hareket eden bir kara aracının hangi mobil depolara uğrayacağı ve bu mobil depolardan serbest bırakılan İHA'lar aracılığıyla hangi müşterilere hizmet verileceği belirlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada iki farklı durum ele alınmıştır. Birinci durumda, müşterilerin sadece dağıtım müşterisi olduğu ve İHA’ların mobil depolarda bir veya birkaç kez kullanılabildiği iki varyasyon ele alınmıştır. Bu problemler için karma tamsayılı doğrusal programlama modelleri geliştirilmiş ve geliştirilen modellerin literatürde var olan modellerden daha kısa sürede optimum çözüme ulaştığı deneysel olarak kanıtlanmıştır. İkinci durumda ise müşterilerin ya dağıtım ya da toplama müşterisi olabildiği İki Aşamalı İnsansız Hava Aracı Destekli Topla-Dağıt Rotalama Problemi (2A-İTDRP) isimli yeni bir problem tanıtılmıştır. 2A-İTDRP için bir İHA’nın bir mobil depodan bir veya birkaç kez kullanılabildiği iki varyasyon ele alınmış ve çözümü için karma tamsayılı doğrusal programlama modelleri önerilmiştir. Modeller, GAMS/CPLEX çözücüsü kullanılarak çözülmüş, önerilen matematiksel modellerin deneysel çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar ayrıntılı olarak raporlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İHA Rotalama , araç rotalama , matematiksel modelleme

Two-stage Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) assisted pickup and delivery routing problem

Öz

Recently, the potential of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) technology in logistics processes and the rapid developments in this field have made UAV-assisted routing problems an important focus. In this paper, a two-stage UAV-assisted routing problem is considered. In this problem, to minimize the completion time, a truck moving from a depot with loaded products and UAVs will determine which mobile depots to visit and which customers will be served by the UAV released from these mobile depots. In this study, two different cases are considered. In the first case, two variations are considered, where the customers are only delivery customers, and the UAVs can be used once or several times at the mobile depots. Mixed integer linear programming models are developed for these problems, and it is experimentally proven that the developed models reach the optimum solution in less time than the existing models in the literature. In the second case, a new problem called the “Two-Stage Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Assisted Pickup and Delivery Routing Problem" (2S-UAV-PDRP) is introduced where customers can be either pickup or delivery customers. For the 2A-ITDRP, two variations where a UAV can be used once or several times from a mobile depot are considered, and mixed integer linear programming models are proposed for its solution. The models are solved using the GAMS/CPLEX solver, experimental studies of the proposed mathematical models are performed, and the results are reported in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

UAV Routing , vehicle routing , mathematical model

Kaynakça

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