Purpose: Renal cysts, which are common in adults are relatively rare in children. . Due to the low risk of malignancy, follow-up of simple renal cysts in adults is not recommended where as there is no consensus on the follow-up of children with simple renal cysts. In this study, diagnosis, folllow-up and the problems that may be encountered through the follow-up of simple renal cysts are discussed.
Materials and methods: Children under 18 years of age who were monitored at a single center for at least 1 year between 2016-2020 with the diagnosis of simple renal cyst were retrospectively examined and demographic, clinical and radiological data were evaluated.
Results: A total of 48 patients (27 boys) had a mean age of 87.96±54.82 months at the time of diagnosis, and a mean follow-up period of 29.72±17.63 months. Twenty-nine patients had no complaints at the time of admission, 11 patients had abdominal pain, 4 patients had urinary tract infection, and 4 patients had enuresis. Urinalysis was normal in 36 patients 5 patients had pyuria, 3 patients had hematuria, 1 patient had proteinuria, 3 patients had pyuria and hematuria. The cysts of 24 patients were located on the right side, 21 patients were located on the left side and 3 patients were located bilaterally, while 41.7% of the cysts were located in the upper pole 27% in the lower pole, 31.3% in the mediorenal. The mean diameter of the cyst at presentation was measured as 20.38±12.87 mm. While an increase in the size of the cyst was observed in 9 patients, it was observed that the cyst of 1 patient disappeared in the follow-up.
Conclusion: Although malignant transformation and the necessity of surgical indication are rarely seen in stage 1 and stage 2 simple renal cysts that can be diagnosed with a detailed ultrasonographic examination, follow-up is required because of conditions that may occur such as increased stage, ADPKD disease, hypertension or renal dysfunction.