Araştırma Makalesi
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Syphilis coinfection in individuals living with HIV: tertiary university hospital data

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 6 - 6
https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1554747

Öz

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the coinfection of syphilis in HIV-positive individuals and the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of these patients.
Material and methods: Our study was conducted in Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, between 13.02.2018 and 13.02.2024, in 26 patients with clinically and laboratory-confirmed syphilis co-infection among 142 HIV/AIDS patients who were followed up and confirmed in the infectious diseases and clinical microbiology outpatient clinic.
Results: A total of 142 HIV positive and 26 (18.3%) syphilis coinfected patients between the ages of 17-77 were included in the study. The mean ages of the infected and syphilis coinfected patients were 39.1 and 41.07, respectively. Six (23%) of the coinfected patients were married, the remaining 14 (53.8%) were single or divorced, five had multiple partners; 20 (77%) were heterosexual, four (15%) were men who have sex with men (MSM), and two (8%) were bisexual. Simultaneous HIV/syphilis positivity was detected in 14 (54%) of the coinfected patients at the time of diagnosis, while 7 (27%) were detected during the HIV treatment follow-up period, and 5 (19%) were detected before HIV diagnosis. Of the patients with coinfection, five (19.2%) had primary syphilis, 10 (38.5%) had latent syphilis, and 11 (42.3%) had secondary syphilis at the time of diagnosis. Twenty-two (85%) of the patients had been diagnosed and treated for syphilis only once, while the remaining (15%) had received two or more treatments.
Conclusions: The prevalence of syphilis coinfection and reinfection in patients was 18.3% and 15%, respectively. In cases of coinfection, male gender, alcohol and drug consumption, being MSM, irregular lifestyles, and sexual habits were found to be effective. It is important to conduct screening for syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in HIV-infected patients. Providing psychiatric support to these patients in organizing their life plans is also very important for preventing HIV transmission and syphilis coinfection.

Etik Beyan

Çalışma Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Etik Kurulu tarafından 2024-07-06 (24.07.2024) protokol numarasıyla onaylandı.

Destekleyen Kurum

çanakkale 18 mart üniversitesi

Kaynakça

  • 1. Smith CJ, Ryom L, Weber R, et al. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration. Lancet. 2014;384(9939):241-248. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60604-8
  • 2. Hook EW 3rd. Syphilis [published correction appears in Lancet. 2019 Mar 9;393(10175):986. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30483-0]. Lancet. 2017;389(10078):1550-1557. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32411-4
  • 3. Sfiliz vaka dağılımı. Available at: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/bulasici-hastaliklar-ve-erken-uyari db/Dokumanlar/Istatistikler/sifiliz_istatistikleri.pdf. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 4. Lynn WA, Lightman S. Syphilis and HIV: a dangerous combination. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(7):456-466. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01061-8
  • 5. Castellon SA, Hinkin CH, Wood S, Yarema KT. Apathy, depression, and cognitive performance in HIV-1 infection. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;10(3):320-329. doi:10.1176/jnp.10.3.320
  • 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Notes from the field: repeat syphilis infection and HIV coinfection among men who have sex with men--Baltimore, Maryland, 2010-2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(32):649-650.
  • 7. World Health Organization (‎2016)‎ WHO guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (‎syphilis)‎. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/249572. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 8. Dinç HM, Özbey D, Sirekbasan S, et al. Seroepidemiologic Evaluation of HIV Scanning and Verification Datas During The Period of 2015-2018. ANKEM. 2019;33(3):89-94. doi:10.5222/ankem.2019.089
  • 9. Sarigül F, Sayan M, İnan D, et al. Current status of HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infections: a retrospective multicentre study. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2019;27(3):223-228. doi:10.21101/cejph.a5467
  • 10. 10.Can Bilek H, Deveci A, Aksakal Tanyel E. Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected people at a university hospital, Turkey. Archives of Medical Science. 2020. doi:10.5114/aoms.2020.97889
  • 11. Sifiliz İstatistik. (2024) Available: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasici-hastaliklar. Accessed February 13, 2024 12. Müderris T, Peker BO, Gülvardar Baran N, Aksoy Gökmen A, Kaya S, Yurtsever SG. HIV pozitif hastalarda sifiliz seroprevalansı. Flora. 2022;27(1):21-7. doi:10.5578/flora.20228585
  • 13. Said MA, German D, Flynn C, et al. Uptake of Testing for HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Baltimore, Maryland: 2004–2011. AIDS Behav. 2015;19:2036-2043. doi:10.1007/s10461-015-1106-y
  • 14. Fan L, Yu A, Zhang D, et al. Consequences of HIV/Syphilis Co-Infection on HIV Viral Load and Immune Response to Antiretroviral Therapy. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2021;14:2851-2862. doi:10.2147/IDR.S320648
  • 15. HIV-AIDS Statistics (2023) T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; Available: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasici-hastaliklar/hiv-aids/hivaids-liste/hiv-aids-istatislik.html. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 16. Schmidt R, Carson PJ, Jansen RJ. Resurgence of Syphilis in the United States: An Assessment of Contributing Factors. Infect Dis (Auckl). 2019;12:1178633719883282. Published 2019 Oct 16. doi:10.1177/1178633719883282
  • 17. Sarıgül F, Üser Ü, Öztoprak N. Seroprevalence and risk factors in HIV/AIDS patients coinfected with syphilis. Klimik. 2019;32:161-164. doi:10.5152/kd.2019.35
  • 18. Remera E, Tuyishime E, Kayitesi C, et al. HIV and hepatitis B, C co-infection and correlates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Rwanda, 2021: a respondent-driven sampling, cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24(1):347. Published 2024 Mar 23. doi:10.1186/s12879-024-09206-2
  • 19. Sayan M, Sargin F, Inan D, et al. HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations in Newly Diagnosed Antiretroviral-Naive Patients in Turkey. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2016;32(1):26-31. doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0110
  • 20. Tsan GL, Claiborne RT. Ocular syphilis. Clin Exp Optom. 2021;104(7):756-759. doi:10.1080/08164622.2021.1906848
  • 21. Harford DA, Green Sanderson K, Stephenson KAJ, et al. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14. doi:10.1136/bcr-2020241403
  • 22. Ghanem KG, Erbelding EJ, Wiener ZS, Rompalo AM. Serological response to syphilis treatment in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics. Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83(2):97-101. doi:10.1136/sti.2006.021402
  • 23. Marra CM, Deutsch R, Collier AC, et al. Neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals with previous syphilis. Int J STD AIDS. 2013;24(5):351-355. doi:10.1177/0956462412472827

HIV ile yaşayan bireylerde sifiliz eş enfeksiyonu: üçüncü basamak üniversite hastanesi verileri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 6 - 6
https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1554747

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada HIV ile infekte bireylerde sifilizin koenfeksiyonunun varlığı ve bu hastaların epidemiyolojik ve klinik özelliklerinin incelenmesini amaçladık.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmamız 13.02.2018-13.02.2024 tarihleri arasında Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Hastanesi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji polikliniğinde takip edilen ve tanısı doğrulanan 142 HIV/AIDS hastası arasından klinik ve laboratuvar olarak doğrulanmış sifiliz koenfeksiyonu olan 26 hastada gerçekleştirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaşları 17-77 arasında değişen 142 HIV pozitif ve 26 (18,3%) sifiliz koenfekte hasta dahil edildi. Enfekte ve sifiliz koenfekte hastaların yaş ortalamaları sırasıyla 39,1 ve 41,07 idi. Koenfekte hastaların altısı (23%) evliyken, kalan 14’ü (53,8%) bekar veya boşanmış, beşi multipartnerli; 20‘si (77%) heteroseksüel, dördü (15%) hasta erkeklerle seks yapan erkekti (men who have sex with men – MSM), ikisi (8%) biseksüeldi. Koenfekte hastaların 14'ünde (54%) eş zamanlı HIV/sifiliz pozitifliği tanı anında tespit edilirken, 7'si (27%) HIV tedavi-takip sürecinde ve 5'i (19%) HIV tanısı öncesinde tanı almıştı. Koenfekte hastaların beşinde (19,2%) tanı anında primer, 10'unda (38,5%) latent ve 11'inde (42,3%) tanı anında sekonder sifiliz vardı. Hastaların 22'sine (85%) sadece bir kez sifiliz tanısı konulmuş ve tedavi edilmişken, kalan (15%) hastalar iki veya daha fazla tedavi almıştı.
Sonuç: Hastalarda sifiliz koenfeksiyonu ve reenfeksiyon prevalansı sırasıyla 18,3% ve 15% idi. Koenfekte hastalarda erkek cinsiyet, alkol ve uyuşturucu tüketimi, erkeklerle seks yapan erkek olmak (MSM), düzensiz yaşam tarzı ve cinsel alışkanlıkların etkili olduğu bulundu. HIV enfeksiyonlu hastalarda sifiliz ve diğer cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar (CYBH) için tarama yapmak önemlidir. Bu hastalara yaşam planlarını düzenlemeleri konusunda psikiyatrik destek sağlamak HIV bulaşmasını ve sifiliz koenfeksiyonunu önlemek için çok önemlidir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Smith CJ, Ryom L, Weber R, et al. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration. Lancet. 2014;384(9939):241-248. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60604-8
  • 2. Hook EW 3rd. Syphilis [published correction appears in Lancet. 2019 Mar 9;393(10175):986. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30483-0]. Lancet. 2017;389(10078):1550-1557. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32411-4
  • 3. Sfiliz vaka dağılımı. Available at: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/bulasici-hastaliklar-ve-erken-uyari db/Dokumanlar/Istatistikler/sifiliz_istatistikleri.pdf. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 4. Lynn WA, Lightman S. Syphilis and HIV: a dangerous combination. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(7):456-466. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01061-8
  • 5. Castellon SA, Hinkin CH, Wood S, Yarema KT. Apathy, depression, and cognitive performance in HIV-1 infection. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;10(3):320-329. doi:10.1176/jnp.10.3.320
  • 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Notes from the field: repeat syphilis infection and HIV coinfection among men who have sex with men--Baltimore, Maryland, 2010-2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(32):649-650.
  • 7. World Health Organization (‎2016)‎ WHO guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (‎syphilis)‎. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/249572. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 8. Dinç HM, Özbey D, Sirekbasan S, et al. Seroepidemiologic Evaluation of HIV Scanning and Verification Datas During The Period of 2015-2018. ANKEM. 2019;33(3):89-94. doi:10.5222/ankem.2019.089
  • 9. Sarigül F, Sayan M, İnan D, et al. Current status of HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infections: a retrospective multicentre study. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2019;27(3):223-228. doi:10.21101/cejph.a5467
  • 10. 10.Can Bilek H, Deveci A, Aksakal Tanyel E. Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected people at a university hospital, Turkey. Archives of Medical Science. 2020. doi:10.5114/aoms.2020.97889
  • 11. Sifiliz İstatistik. (2024) Available: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasici-hastaliklar. Accessed February 13, 2024 12. Müderris T, Peker BO, Gülvardar Baran N, Aksoy Gökmen A, Kaya S, Yurtsever SG. HIV pozitif hastalarda sifiliz seroprevalansı. Flora. 2022;27(1):21-7. doi:10.5578/flora.20228585
  • 13. Said MA, German D, Flynn C, et al. Uptake of Testing for HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Baltimore, Maryland: 2004–2011. AIDS Behav. 2015;19:2036-2043. doi:10.1007/s10461-015-1106-y
  • 14. Fan L, Yu A, Zhang D, et al. Consequences of HIV/Syphilis Co-Infection on HIV Viral Load and Immune Response to Antiretroviral Therapy. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2021;14:2851-2862. doi:10.2147/IDR.S320648
  • 15. HIV-AIDS Statistics (2023) T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü; Available: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasici-hastaliklar/hiv-aids/hivaids-liste/hiv-aids-istatislik.html. Accessed February 13, 2024
  • 16. Schmidt R, Carson PJ, Jansen RJ. Resurgence of Syphilis in the United States: An Assessment of Contributing Factors. Infect Dis (Auckl). 2019;12:1178633719883282. Published 2019 Oct 16. doi:10.1177/1178633719883282
  • 17. Sarıgül F, Üser Ü, Öztoprak N. Seroprevalence and risk factors in HIV/AIDS patients coinfected with syphilis. Klimik. 2019;32:161-164. doi:10.5152/kd.2019.35
  • 18. Remera E, Tuyishime E, Kayitesi C, et al. HIV and hepatitis B, C co-infection and correlates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Rwanda, 2021: a respondent-driven sampling, cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24(1):347. Published 2024 Mar 23. doi:10.1186/s12879-024-09206-2
  • 19. Sayan M, Sargin F, Inan D, et al. HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations in Newly Diagnosed Antiretroviral-Naive Patients in Turkey. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2016;32(1):26-31. doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0110
  • 20. Tsan GL, Claiborne RT. Ocular syphilis. Clin Exp Optom. 2021;104(7):756-759. doi:10.1080/08164622.2021.1906848
  • 21. Harford DA, Green Sanderson K, Stephenson KAJ, et al. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14. doi:10.1136/bcr-2020241403
  • 22. Ghanem KG, Erbelding EJ, Wiener ZS, Rompalo AM. Serological response to syphilis treatment in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics. Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83(2):97-101. doi:10.1136/sti.2006.021402
  • 23. Marra CM, Deutsch R, Collier AC, et al. Neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals with previous syphilis. Int J STD AIDS. 2013;24(5):351-355. doi:10.1177/0956462412472827
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Işıl Deniz Alıravcı 0000-0002-4740-1579

Sevinç Yenice Aktaş 0000-0003-0877-9162

Selçuk Kaya 0000-0003-4607-2870

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Alıravcı ID, Yenice Aktaş S, Kaya S. HIV ile yaşayan bireylerde sifiliz eş enfeksiyonu: üçüncü basamak üniversite hastanesi verileri. Pam Tıp Derg. Aralık 2024;18(2):6-6. doi:10.31362/patd.1554747
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