THE RELATİONSHİP BETWEEN ENERGY CONSUMPTİON AND ENERGY EFFİCİENCY İN THE FRAMEWORK OF JEVONS PARADOX: THE EXAMPLE OF G-7 COUNTRİES

Öz

The demand for energy at every stage of production has been increasing from past to present. Therefore, it is known that there is a strong positive relationship between the industrialization process and energy consumption. While the dependence on energy leads people to seek new energy sources, it also directs them to work for innovations that will realize energy efficiency. There is a strong relationship between energy, which is used as an effective and important input in production processes, and increasing the income level in an economy. Therefore, the increase in energy consumption directs the economies to work on energy savings, that is, policies to increase energy efficiency, in order to reduce costs. In this context, this study examined the energy consumption-energy efficiency relationship within the framework of Jevons Paradox, making use of the annual data of the G-7 countries from 1990-2017. According to empirical findings, a one percent increase in gross domestic product per capita reduces energy use by 1.65%, and a one percent increase in energy imports reduces energy use by 0.72 percent. A one percent increase in energy intensity reduces energy use by 0.85 percent.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Energy Productivity
• Energy Consumption
• Jevons Paradox
• Panel Data Analysis

JEVONS PARADOKSU ÇERÇEVESİNDE ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ VE ENERJİ VERİMLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ: G-7 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Üretimin her aşamasında enerjiye olan talep geçmişten günümüze artan bir seyir izlemektedir. Dolayısı ile sanayileşme süreci ile enerji tüketimi arasında pozitif yönlü güçlü bir ilişki bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Enerjiye olan bağımlılık insanoğlunu bir yandan yeni enerji kaynakları aramaya yönlendirirken, bir yandan da enerjide verimliliği gerçekleştirecek yenilikler için çalışmalara yönlendirmektedir. Üretim süreçlerinde etkin ve önemli bir girdi olarak kullanılan enerji ile bir ekonomide gelir seviyesini artırma arasında güçlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Dolayısı ile enerji tüketiminde meydana gelen artış, maliyetleri azaltabilmek adına ekonomileri enerji tasarrufuna yani enerji verimliliğinin artırılmasına yönelik politikalar üzerinde çalışmalara yönlendirmektedir. Bu çalışma G-7 ülkelerinin 1990-2017 yıllık verilerinden faydalanarak enerji tüketimi–enerji verimliliği ilişkisini Jevons Paradoksu çerçevesinde incelemiştir. Ampirik bulgulara göre kişi başı gayri safi yurt içi hasılada meydana gelen yüzde birlik bir artış enerji kullanımını yüzde1.65, enerji ithalatında meydana gelen yüzde birlik bir artış ise enerji kullanımını yüzde 0.72 birim azaltmaktadır. Enerji yoğunluğunda meydana gelen yüzde birlik bir artış ise enerji kullanımını yüzde 0.85 oranında azaltmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji Verimliliği
• Enerji Tüketimi
• Jevons Paradoksu
• Panel Veri Analizi

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