THE EFFECT OF GREEN INNOVATION AND CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF OPENNESS TO ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE

Öz

When considering the impact of sustainability-focused firms on the global economy, the concepts of green innovation and corporate sustainability hold significant importance in the literature. The main purpose of this research, based on the current literature, is to examine the mediating role of organizational change in the impact of green innovation and corporate sustainability on firm performance. This study aims to contribute to the literature, researchers, managerial practices, and policymakers. Using a sample of 399 firms operating in the industrial and service sectors in the Marmara region, the study investigates whether the efforts of these firms in green innovation and corporate sustainability create a positive impact on firm performance and whether openness to organizational change plays a mediating role in these relationships. The findings reveal that green innovation and corporate sustainability positively affect firm performance; however, the effect of openness to organizational change is relatively less significant. Openness to organizational change demonstrates a low level of partial mediation in the relationship between green innovation and firm performance, whereas it exhibits full mediation in the relationship between corporate sustainability and firm performance. Current findings confirm the importance of green innovation, corporate sustainability, and openness to organizational change in managing firm performance. Consequently, this research expands our knowledge on how firm performance can be enhanced through green innovation types and corporate sustainability practices and how openness to organizational change can mediate these relationships.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Green Innovation
• Corporate Sustainability
• Openness to Organizational Change
• Firm Performance

YEŞİL İNOVASYON VE KURUMSAL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİĞİN FİRMA PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ: ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİME AÇIKLIĞIN ARACILIK ROLÜ

Öz

Sürdürülebilir odaklı firmaların küresel ekonomideki etkisi ele alındığında, yeşil inovasyon ve kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik kavramlarının literatürde büyük bir öneme sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Güncel literatüre dayanan bu araştırmanın temel amacı; yeşil inovasyon ve kurumsal sürdürülebilirliğin firma performansı üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel değişimin aracılık rolünü incelemektir. Bu çalışma ile literatüre, araştırmacılara, yöneticilere ve politika yapıcılara katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir. Çalışma, Marmara bölgesinde sanayi ve hizmet sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmalardan oluşan bir örneklem kullanarak, 399 firmanın yeşil inovasyon ve kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik alanındaki çalışmalarının firma performansı üzerinde olumlu bir etki yaratıp yaratmadığını ve bu ilişkilerde örgütsel değişime açıklığın aracılık edip etmediğini incelemektedir. Bulgular, yeşil inovasyon ve kurumsal sürdürülebilirliğin firma performansını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ancak örgütsel değişime açıklığın etkisinin göreceli olarak daha az olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Örgütsel değişime açıklık yeşil inovasyonun firma performansı ile olan ilişkisinde düşük düzeyde kısmi aracılık etkisi göstermiş, kurumsal sürdürülebilirliğin firma performansı ile olan ilişkisinde tam aracılık etkisi göstermiştir. Güncel bulgular, firmaların performansının yönetilmesinde yeşil inovasyon, kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik ve örgütsel değişime açıklığın öneminin doğrulandığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu araştırma, yeşil inovasyon türleri ve kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik uygulamaları yoluyla firma performansının nasıl artırılabileceğini ve örgütsel değişime açıklığın bu ilişkilere nasıl aracılık edebileceği hakkındaki bilgimizi genişletmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeşil İnovasyon
• Kurumsal Sürüdürülebilirlik
• Örgütsel Değişime Açıklık
• Firma Performansı

Kaynakça

1. Adams, J. S. (1965). “Inequity In Social Exchange”, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2, 267- 299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2
2. Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D. ve Overy, P. (2016). “Sustainability‐oriented innovation: A systematic review”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 18/2, 180-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068
3. Ahmed, R. R., Akbar, W., Aijaz, M., Channar, Z. A., Ahmed, F. ve Parmar, V. (2023). “The role of green innovation on environmental and organizational performance: Moderation of human resource practices and management commitment”, Heliyon, 9/1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12679
4. Albort-Morant, G., Leal-Millán, A. ve Cepeda-Carrión, G. (2016). “The antecedents of green innovation performance: A model of learning and capabilities”, Journal of Business Research, 69/11, 4912-4917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.052
5. Alshammari, K. H. ve Alshammari, A. F. (2023). “Green Innovation and Its Effects on Innovation Climate and Environmental Sustainability: The Moderating Influence of Green Abilities and Strategies”, Sustainability, 15/22, 15898. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215898
6. Altındağ, E. (2011). Aile şirketlerinde stratejik yönelim düzeylerinin tespiti ve firma performansı üzerindeki etkisi, (Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi), Kocaeli, Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi.
7. Altındağ, E., Zehir, C. ve Acar, A. Z. (2011). “Strategic orientations and their effects on firm performance in turkish family owned firms”, Eurasian Business Review, 1, 18-36.
8. Álvarez Etxeberria, I., Ortas, E. ve Schaltegger, S. (2017). “Innovative Measurement for Corporate Sustainability”, Sustainable Development, 25/2, 111–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1665

9. Appelbaum, S. H., Calcagno, R., Magarelli, S. M. ve Saliba, M. (2016). “A relationship between corporate sustainability and organizational change (Part One)”, Industrial and Commercial Training, 48/1, 16-23. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-07-2014-0045
10. Aras, G. ve Crowther, D. (2008). “Governance and sustainability: An investigation into the relationship between corporate governance and corporate sustainability”, Management Decision, 46/3, 433-448. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740810863870
11. Arefi, N. (2014). Examining predictors of openness to organizational change: An interactionist perspective. Northcentral University.
12. Armenakis, A. A. ve Bedeian, A. G. (1999). “Organizational Change: A Review of Theory and Research in the 1990s.”, Journal of Management, 25/3, 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639902500303
13. Aryee, S., Budhwar, P. S. ve Chen, Z. X. (2002). “Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes: test of a social exchange model”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23/3, 267–285. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.138
14. Asgary, N. H., Frutos-Bencze, D. Samii, M. V. ve Varamini, H. (2019). Global Business: An Economic, Social, and Environmental Perspective, Information Age Publishing, USA. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578239710170119
15. Atkinson, G., Hett, T. ve Newcombe, J. (2000). “Measuring corporate sustainability”, Journal of Environmental Planning and management, 43/2, 235-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640560010694
16. Augustsson, H., Richter, A., Hasson, H. ve von Thiele Schwarz, U. (2017). “The Need for Dual Openness to Change: A Longitudinal Study Evaluating the Impact of Employees’ Openness to Organizational Change Content and Process on Intervention Outcomes”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 53/3, 349–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317691930
17. Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S. ve Luthans, F. (2008). “Can Positive Employees Help Positive Organizational Change? Impact of Psychological Capital and Emotions on Relevant Attitudes and Behaviors”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44/1, 48–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886307311470
18. Awasthi, S., Prathyusha, B., Fazeen Rasheed, A. K., Murgai, A. ve Yadav, S. (2022). “Green Innovation Practice For Organizational Performance And Sustainable Development”, Journal of Positive School Psychology, 3195-3200.
19. Ballinger, G. A. ve Rockmann, K. W. (2010). “Chutes Versus Ladders: Anchoring Events and a Punctuated-Equilibrium Perspective on Social Exchange Relationships”, Academy of Management Review, 35/3, 373–391. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.35.3.zok373
20. Bartunek, J. M., Lacey, C. A. ve Wood, D. R. (1992). “Social Cognition in Organizational Change: An Insider-Outsider Approach”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 28/2, 204–223. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886392282004
21. Basiago, A. D. (1998). “Economic, social, and environmental sustainability in development theory and urban planning practice”, Environmentalist, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 19, 145-161. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006697118620
22. Beer, M. ve Nohria, N. (2000). “Cracking the code of change”. Harvard Business Review, 3: 133–41 Befu, H. (1977). Social Exchange. Annual Review of Anthropology, 6/1, 255–281. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.06.100177.001351 
23. Bell, G. ve Collins, S. (2008). “Adaptation, extinction and global change”, Evolutionary Applications, 1/1, 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-4571.2007.00011.x
24. Bénet, N., Deville, A., Raïes, K. ve Valette-Florence, P. (2022). “Turning non-financial performance measurements into financial performance: The usefulness of front-office staff incentive systems in hotels”. Journal of Business Research, 142, 317-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.017
25. Bilbil, E. K. ve Güngör, S. S. (2023). “Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Uygulamalarının Tüketicilerin Marka Sadakati Üzerine Etkisi”, Academic Social Resources Journal, 8/51, 2931-2941.
26. Bisel, R. S. ve Barge, J. K. (2011). “Discursive positioning and planned change in organizations”, Human Relations, 64/2, 257–283. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726710375996
27. Borowy, I. (2013). Defining sustainable development for our common future: A history of the World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission), 1st Edition, Routledge, London
28. Bulut, Ç., Alpkan, L. ve Yılmaz, C. (2009). “Stratejik Oryantasyonlar ve Firma Performansı İlişkisi: Literatür Gelişimi Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Çalışma”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 10/1, 1-34.
29. Bulut, Ç., Pırnar, İ., Halaç, S. D. ve Öztürk, A. D. (2013). “Girişimsel pazarlamanın firma performansına etkisi”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15/2, 209-232.
30. Ceran, E. B. (2017). “Kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik kavramı ve ölçümüne ilişkin bir ön çalışma”, İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 46, 59-70.
31. Chai, D. S., Song, J. H. ve You, Y. M. (2020). “Psychological Ownership and Openness to Change: The Mediating Effects of Work Engagement, and Knowledge Creation”, Performance Improvement Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1002/piq.21326
32. Chan, R. Y., He, H., Chan, H. K. ve Wang, W. Y. (2012). “Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity”, Industrial marketing management, 41/4, 621-630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009
33. Chan, H. K., Yee, R. W., Dai, J. ve Lim, M. K. (2016). “The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on green product innovation and performance”, International journal of production economics, 181, 384-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.12.006
34. Chawla, A. ve Kevin Kelloway, E. (2004). “Predicting openness and commitment to change”, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25/6, 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730410556734
35. Chen, YS., Lai, SB. ve Wen, CT. (2006). “The Influence of Green Innovation Performance on Corporate Advantage ın Taiwan”, Journal of Business Ethics, 67/4, 331-339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9025-5
36. Chen, Y.S. (2008). “The Driver of Green Innovation and Green Image-Green Core Competence”, Journal of Business Ethics, 81, 531– 543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9522-1
37. Chen, M., Yang, Z., Dou, W. ve Wang, F. (2017). “Flying or dying? Organizational change, customer participation, and innovation ambidexterity in emerging economies”, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 35/1, 97–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-017-9520-5
38. Cheng, C. C., Yang, C. L. ve Sheu, C. (2014). “The link between eco-innovation and business performance: A Taiwanese industry context”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 64, 81–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.09.050
39. Cheng, C., Ahmad, S. F., Irshad, M., Alsanie, G., Khan, Y., Ahmad, A. Y. B. ve Aleemi, A. R. (2023). “Impact of green process innovation and productivity on sustainability: The moderating role of environmental awareness”, Sustainability, 15/17, 12945. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712945
40. Choi, M. (2011). “Employees’ attitudes toward organizational change: A literature review”, Human Resource Management, 50/4, 479–500. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20434
41. Choi, M. ve Ruona, W. E. A. (2010). “Individual Readiness for Organizational Change and Its Implications for Human Resource and Organization Development”, Human Resource Development Review, 10/1, 46–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484310384957
42. Covin, T. J. ve Kilmann, R. H. (1990). “Participant Perceptions of Positive and Negative Influences on Large-Scale Change”, Group & Organization Studies, 15/2, 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/105960119001500207
43. Cropanzano, R. ve Mitchell, M. S. (2005). “Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review”, Journal of Management, 31/6, 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
44. Cropanzano, R., Rupp, D. E., Mohler, C. J. ve Schminke, M. (2001). “Three roads to organizational justice”, Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 1–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(01)20001-2
45. Cudeck, R. (2000). Exploratory factor analysis. In Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 265-296). Academic Press.
46. Çalışkan, A. (2022). “Örgütsel Değişime Açıklık: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması”, Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14/2, 191-202. https://doi.org/10.52791/aksarayiibd.1069524
47. Çelik, D. ve Uzunçarşılı, Ü. (2023). “Is the effect of organizational ambidexterity and technological innovation capability on firm performance mediated by competitive advantage? An empirical research on Turkish manufacturing and service industries”, Sage Open, 13/4. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231206367
48. Çınar, F. ve Toker K. (2018). “Ameliyathane Hemşirelerinin Değişime Açıklığa İlişkin Değerlendirmeleri”, Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 1/5, 19-26. https://doi.org/10.5222/SHYD.2018.019 
49. Çömez, P. (2014). “Örgütlerde Değişim Yönetiminin Finansal Performans Üzerine Etkisi: Elektrik Sektörü Üzerinde Bir Uygulama”, Finansal Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 4/7, 17-27.
50. Damanpour, F. ve Aravind, D. (2006). Product and process innovations: A review of organizational and environmental determinants. Innovation, science, and industrial change: A research handbook, First Published, Oxford University Press, 38-66, Newyork.
51. Dangelico, R. M. ve Pujari, D. (2010). “Mainstreaming green product innovation: Why and how companies integrate environmental sustainability”, Journal of business ethics, 95, 471-486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0434-0
52. De Loecker, J. ve Goldberg, P. K. (2014). “Firm performance in a global market”. Annu. Rev. Econ., 6/1, 201-227. Devos, G., Buelens, M. ve Bouckenooghe, D. (2007). “Contribution of Content, Context, and Process to Understanding Openness to Organizational Change: Two Experimental Simulation Studies”, The Journal of Social Psychology, 147/6, 607–630. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.147.6.607-630
53. Dhaliwal, D. S., Li, O. Z., Tsang, A. ve Yang, Y. G. (2011). “Voluntary nonfinancial disclosure and the cost of equity capital: The initiation of corporate social responsibility reporting”, The accounting review, 86/1, 59-100. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.00000005
54. Driessen, P. H. ve Hillebrand, B. (2002). “Adoption and diffusion of green innovations”, Marketing for sustainability: towards transactional policy-making, 343-355.
55. Duignan, P. A. ve Bhindi, N. (1997). “Authenticity in leadership: An emerging perspective”, Journal of educational administration, 35/3, 195-209.
56. Dyllick, T. ve Hockerts, K. (2002). “Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 11/72, 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.323
57. Eby, L. T., Adams, D. M., Russell, J. E. A. ve Gaby, S. H. (2000). “Perceptions of Organizational Readiness for Change: Factors Related to Employees’ Reactions to the Implementation of Team-Based Selling”, Human Relations, 53/3, 419–442. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700533006
58. Eiadat, Y., Kelly, A., Roche, F. ve Eyadat, H. (2008). “Green and competitive? An empirical test of the mediating role of environmental innovation strategy”, Journal of World business, 43/2, 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.11.012
59. Ekeh, P. P. (1974). Social exchange theory: The two traditions, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Eroğlu, Ş. G. ve Alga, E., (2019). “Üniversite Çalışanlarının Örgütsel Değişime Açıklıkları ile Örgütsel Ataletleri Arasındaki İlişki”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23/3, 1251-1271.
60. Fosu, E., Fosu, F., Akyina, N. ve Asiedu, D. (2024). “Do environmental CSR practices promote corporate social performance? The mediating role of green innovation and corporate image”, Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 12, 100155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100155
61. Frempong, M. F., Mu, Y., Adu-Yeboah, S. S., Hossin, M. A. ve Adu-Gyamfi, M. (2021). “Corporate sustainability and firm performance: The role of green innovation capabilities and sustainability-oriented supplier–buyer relationship”, Sustainability, 13/18, 10414. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810414
62. Gao, S. S. ve Zhang, J. J. (2006). “Stakeholder engagement, social auditing and corporate sustainability”, Business process management journal, 12/6, 722-740. https://doi.org/10.1108/14637150610710891
63. Ghardallou, W. (2022). “Corporate sustainability and firm performance: the moderating role of CEO education and tenure”, Sustainability, 14/6, 3513. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063513
64. Ghisetti, C. ve Rennings, K. (2014). “Environmental innovations and profit- ability: How does it pay to be green? An empirical analysis on the Ger- man innovation survey”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 75, 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.097
65. Gilley, A., McMillan, H. S. ve Gilley, J. W. (2009). “Organizational Change and Characteristics of Leadership Effectiveness”, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 16/1, 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051809334191
66. Gluch, P., Gustafsson, M. ve Thuvander, L. (2009). “An absorptive capacity model for green innovation and performance in the construction industry”, Construction Management and Economics, 27/5, 451-464. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190902896645
67. Gogtay, N. J. ve Thatte, U. M. (2017). “Principles of correlation analysis”, Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 65/3, 78-81.
68. Greenwood, R., Jennings, P. D. ve Hinings, B. (2015). “Sustainability and organizational change: An institutional perspective”, Leading sustainable change: An organizational perspective, 323-355.
69. Habisch, A., Jonker, J., Wegner, M. ve Schmidpeter, R. (2005).Corporate Social Responsibility Across Europe, 8th Edition, Heidelberg, Springer Publishing.
70. Hahn, T., Figge, F., Pinkse, J. ve Preuss, L. (2010). “Trade‐offs in corporate sustainability: You can’t have your cake and eat it”, Business strategy and the environment, 19/4, 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.674
71. Hahn, T., Pinkse, J., Preuss, L. ve Figge, F., 2014. “Tensions In Corporate Sustainability: Towards An Integrative Framework”, J Bus Ethics, 127, 297-316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2047-5
72. Hao, X. ve Fu, W. (2023). “Innovation with ecological sustainability: does corporate environmental responsibility matter in green innovation?”, Journal of Economic Analysis, 2/3, 21-42. https://doi.org/10.58567/jea02030002
73. Haveman, H. A. (1992). “Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Organizational Change and Performance Under Conditions of Fundamental Environmental Transformation”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 37/1, 48. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393533 
74. Herold, D. M., Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S. ve Liu, Y. (2008). “The effects of transformational and change leadership on employees’ commitment to a change: A multilevel study”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93/2, 346–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.346
75. Herscovitch, L. ve Meyer, J. P. (2002). “Commitment to organizational change: Extension of a three-component model”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87/3, 474–487. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.474
76. Hinduan, Z. R., Wilson-Evered, E., Moss, S. ve Scannell, E. (2009). “Leadership, work outcomes and openness to change following an Indonesian bank merger”, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 47/1, 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/1038411108099290
77. Hooper, D. (2012), ‘Exploratory Factor Analysis’, in Chen, H. (Ed.), Approaches to Quantitative Research – Theory and its Practical Application: A Guide to Dissertation Students, Cork, Ireland: Oak Tree Press.
78. Hurley, R. F. ve Hult, G. T. M. (1998). “Innovation, market orientation, and organizational learning: an integration and empirical examination”, Journal of marketing, 62/3, 42-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299806200303 İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası (İMKB). (2011). Sürdürülebilirlikle İlgili Özet Bilgiler, İMKB İstatistik Müdürlüğü, https://www.borsaistanbul.com/datum/surdurulebilirlik/SURDURULEBILIRLIK_OZET_BILGILER.pdf adresinden elde edildi. Erişim Tarihi: 24.12.2023.
79. Karaçayır, E. ve Afşar, A. (2024). “Çevresel, Sosyal ve Kurumsal Yönetim Performansının Finansal Performans Üzerine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği”, Trends in Business and Economics, 38/1, 48-55. https://doi.org/10.5152/TBE.2024.23227
80. Kazdal, Ö. S. ve Yükselen, C. (2023). “Aile İşletmelerinde Sosyo-Duygusal Zenginliğin Rekabet Avantajina ve Sürdürülebilir Yaşama Etkisi: İnovasyon Yeteneğinin Aracilik Rolü”, Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 18/1, 1-36.
81. Kesidou, E. ve Demirel, P. (2012). “On the drivers of eco-innovations: Empirical evidence from the UK”, Research policy, 41/5, 862-870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.01.005
82. Khan, S. J., Dhir, A., Parida, V. ve Papa, A. (2021). “Past, present, and future of green product innovation”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 30/8, 4081–4106. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2858
83. Khan, S. J., Kaur, P., Jabeen, F. ve Dhir, A. (2021). “Green process innovation: Where we are and where we are going”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 30/7, 3273-3296. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2802
84. Khanra, S., Kaur, P., Joseph, R. P., Malik, A. ve Dhir, A. (2022). “A resource‐based view of green innovation as a strategic firm resource: Present status and future directions”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 31/4, 1395-1413. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2961
85. Kidd, C. V. (1992). “The evolution of sustainability”, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 5/1, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01965413
86. Klepper, S. (1996). “Entry, exit, growth, and innovation over the product life cycle”, The American Economic Review, 86/3, ProQuest, 562–583.
87. Köroğlu, E. Ö. ve Çalışkan, A. (2022). “The Effect Of Development Culture And Ratıonal Sub-Cultures On Work Performance, The Medıatıng Role Of Openness Toward Organızatıonal Change”, Türk Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7/2, 101-117.
88. Krejcie, R. V. ve Morgan, D. W. (1970). “Determining sample size for research activities”, Educational and psychological measurement, 30/3, 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
89. Kumari, K. ve Yadav, S. (2018). “Linear regression analysis study”, Journal of the practice of Cardiovascular Sciences, 4/1, 33-36.
90. Kuşat, N. (2012). “Sürdürülebilir işletmeler için kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik ve içsel unsurları”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14/2, 227-242.
91. Küçüker, G. ve Özdemir, T. Y. (2022). “Örgütsel Yapı, Örgütsel Hafıza ve Örgütsel Değişim İlişkisinin İncelenmesi”, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22/4, 1717-1736.
92. Küçükoğlu, M. T. ve Pınar, R. İ. (2015). “Positive influences of green innovation on company performance”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 1232-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.261
93. Kütahyalı, D. N. ve Yıldız, B. (2024). “Yeşil Pazarlama Stratejilerinin Yeşil Tedarikçi Seçimi, Yeşil İnovasyon Ve Performans Üzerindeki Etkisinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli İle Analizi”, Pazarlama Ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17/2, 305-340.
94. Kwarteng, A., Dadzie, S. A. ve Famiyeh, S. (2016). “Sustainability and competitive advantage from a developing economy”, Journal of Global Responsibility, 7/1, 110–125. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGR-02-2016-0003
95. Lampikoski, T., Westerlund, M., Rajala, R. ve Möller, K. (2014). “Green innovation games: Value-creation strategies for corporate sustainability”, California Management Review, 57/1, 88-116. https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2014.57.1.8
96. Landrum, N. E. ve Ohsowski, B. (2017). “Identifying worldviews on corporate sustainability: A content analysis of corporate sustainability reports”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 27/1, 128-151. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1989
97. Landrum, N. E. (2018). “Stages of corporate sustainability: Integrating the strong sustainability worldview”, Organization & Environment, 31/4, 287-313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026617717456
98. Lewis, L. K. (2006). “Employee Perspectives on Implementation Communication as Predictors of Perceptions of Success and Resistance”, Western Journal of Communication, 70/1, 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570310500506631
99. Li, J.-Y., Sun, R., Tao, W. ve Lee, Y. (2021). “Employee coping with organizational change in the face of a pandemic: The role of transparent internal communication”, Public Relations Review, 47/1, 101984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101984
100. Lin, R. J., Tan, K. H. ve Geng, Y. (2013). “Market demand, green product innovation, and firm performance: evidence from Vietnam motorcycle industry”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 40, 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.001
101. Lin, Z., Gu, H., Gillani, K. Z. ve Fahlevi, M. (2024). “Impact of Green Work–Life Balance and Green Human Resource Management Practices on Corporate Sustainability Performance and Employee Retention: Mediation of Green Innovation and Organisational Culture”, Sustainability, 16/15, 6621. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156621
102. Linnenluecke, M. K. ve Griffiths, A. (2010). “Corporate sustainability and organizational culture”, Journal of world business, 45/4, 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2009.08.006
103. Liu, S. ve Yan, M. R. (2018). “Corporate sustainability and green innovation in an emerging economy—An empirical study in China”, Sustainability, 10/11, 3998. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113998
104. Ma, Y., Hou, G. ve Xin, B. (2017). “Green process innovation and innovation benefit: The mediating effect of firm image”, Sustainability, 9/10, 1778. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101778
105. Martin, A. J., Jones, E. S. ve Callan, V. J. (2005). “The role of psychological climate in facilitating employee adjustment during organizational change”, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14/3, 263–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320500141228
106. Martínez-Martínez, A., Cegarra-Navarro, J. G., Garcia-Perez, A. ve Wensley, A. (2019). “Knowledge agents as drivers of environmental sustainability and business performance in the hospitality sector”. Tourism management, 70, 381-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.08.030
107. Masocha, R. ve Fatoki, O. (2018). “The impact of coercive pressures on sustainability practices of small businesses in South Africa”, Sustainability, 10/9, 3032. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093032
108. Mazur, B. ve Walczyna, A. (2020). “Bridging sustainable human resource management and corporate sustainability”, Sustainability, 12/21, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218987
109. McLean, L.D. (2005). “Organizational culture’s influence on creativity and innovation: A review of the literature and implications for human resource development”, Advances in developing human resources, 7, 226–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422305274528
110. Men, L. R., Yue, C. A. ve Liu, Y. (2020). “Vision, passion, and care: The impact of charismatic executive leadership communication on employee trust and support for organizational change”, Public Rela- tions Review, 46/3, 101927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101927
111. Millar, C., Hind, P. ve Magala, S. (2012). “Sustainability and the need for change: organisational change and transformational vision”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 25/4, 489-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534811211239272
112. Miller, V. D., Johnson, J. R. ve Grau, J. (1994). “Antecedents to willingness to participate in a planned organizational change”, Journal of Applied Communication Research, 22, 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909889409365387
113. Miller, V. D., Johnson, J. R. ve Grau, J. (1994). “Antecedents to willingness to participate in a planned organizational change”, Journal of Applied Communication Research, 22/1, 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909889409365387
114. Miller, C. C., Washburn, N. T. ve Glick, W. H. (2013). “Perspective—The myth of firm performance”, Organization Science, 24/3, 948-964. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0762
115. Montiel, I. ve Delgado-Ceballos, J. (2014). “Defining and measuring corporate sustainability: Are we there yet?”, Organization & Environment, 27/2, 113-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/108602661452641
116. Mutanov, G., Omirbekova, Z., Shaikh, A. A. ve Issayeva, Z. (2023). “Sustainability-Driven Green Innovation: Revolutionising Aerospace Decision-Making with an Intelligent Decision Support System”, Sustainability, 16/1, 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010041
117. Ngo, L. V. ve O’cass, A. (2013). “Innovation and business success: The mediating role of customer participation”, Journal of Business research, 66/8, 1134-1142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.03.009
118. Okafor, A., Adeleye, B. N. ve Adusei, M. (2021). “Corporate social responsibility and financial performance: Evidence from US tech firms”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 292, 126078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126078
119. Oreg, S., Vakola, M. ve Armenakis, A. (2011). “Change Recipients’ Reactions to Organizational Change”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 47/4, 461–524. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886310396550
120. Özgül, B (2020). Yeşil İnovasyon, Öncülleri ve Firma Performansı Arasındaki İlişki: Rekabet Stratejisinin Moderatör Rolü, (Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi), İstanbul, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
121. Padilla-Lozano, C. P. ve Collazzo, P. (2022). “Corporate social responsibility, green innovation and competitiveness–causality in manufacturing”, Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 32/7, 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-12-2020-0160
122. Pansera, M. ve Fressoli, M. (2020). “Innovation without growth: Frameworks for understanding technological change in a post-growth era”, Organization, 28/3, 380–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508420973631
123. Paraschiv, D. M., Nemoianu, E. L., Langă, C. A. ve Szabó, T. (2012). “Eco-innovation, responsible leadership and organizational change for corporate sustainability”, Amfiteatru Economic Journal, 14/32, 404-419.
124. Pasts, S. ve Futures, C. (2008). “Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability”, Organization & Environment, 21/3, 245-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026608321329
125. Pongrácz, E. (2009). “Through waste prevention towards corporate sustainability: analysis of the concept of waste and a review of attitudes towards waste prevention”, Sustainable Development, 17/2, 92-101. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.402
126. Przychodzen, J. ve Przychodzen, W. (2013). “Corporate sustainability and shareholder wealth”, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 56/4, 474–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2012.685927
127. Qing, C. ve Jin, S. (2023). “Does ESG and Digital Transformation affects Corporate Sustainability? The Moderating role of Green Innovation”, arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.18351. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.18351 
128. Ramus, C. A. (2002). “Encouraging innovative environmental actions: what companies and managers must do”, Journal of world business, 37/2, 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9516(02)00074-3
129. Saunila, M., Ukko, J. ve Rantala, T. (2018). “Sustainability as a driver of green innovation investment and exploitation”, Journal of cleaner production, 179, 631-641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.211
130. Schaltegger, S. ve Burritt, R. (2005). “Corporate sustainability”, The International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics 2005/2006: A Survey Of Current Issues (Ed: H. Folmer ve T. Tietenberg), Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK , Northampton, MA, USA.
131. Schiederig, T., Tietze, F. ve Herstatt, C. (2012). “Green innovation in technology and innovation management–an exploratory literature review”, R&d Management, 42/2, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2011.00672.x
132. Sellitto, M. A., Camfield, C. G. ve Buzuku, S. (2020). “Green innovation and competitive advantages in a furniture industrial cluster: A survey and structural model”, Sustainable Production and Consumption, 23, 94-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.04.007
133. Shahzad, M., Qu, Y., Zafar, A. U., Rehman, S. U. ve Islam, T. (2020). “Exploring the influence of knowledge management process on corporate sustainable performance through green innovation”, Journal of knowledge management, 24/9, 2079-2106. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2019-0624
134. Shang, H., Chen, R. ve Li, Z. (2020). “Dynamic sustainability capabilities and corporate sustainability performance: The mediating effect of resource management capabilities”, Sustainable Development, 28/4, 595-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2011
135. Sharma, S. ve Starik, M. (Eds.). (2002). Research in corporate sustainability: The evolving theory and practice of organizations in the natural environment. Edward Elgar Publishing.
136. Sharma, R., Shaikh, A. A., Bekoe, S. ve Ramasubramanian, G. (2021). “Information, Communications and Media Technologies for Sustainability: Constructing Data-Driven Policy Narratives”, Sustainability, 13/5, 2903. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052903
137. Shields, J. F., Welsh, D. H. ve Shelleman, J. M. (2018). “Sustainability reporting and its implications for family firms”, Journal of Small Business Strategy (archive only), 28/1, 66-71.
138. Shore, L. M., Coyle-Shapiro, J. A.-M., Chen, X.-P. ve Tetrick, L. E. (2009). “Social Exchange in Work Settings: Content, Process, and Mixed Models”, Management and Organization Review, 5/03, 289–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8784.2009.00158.x
139. Sinval, J., Miller, V. ve Marôco, J. (2021). “Openness toward organizational change scale (OTOCS): Validity evidence from Brazil and Portugal”, Plos One, 16/4, e0249986. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249986
140. Sprecher, S. (1998). “Social exchange theories and sexuality”, Journal of Sex Research, 35/1, 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499809551915
141. Stanley, D. J., Meyer, J. P. ve Topolnytsky, L. (2005). “Employee Cynicism and Resistance to Organizational Change”, Journal of Business and Psychology, 19/4, 429–459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-005-4518-2
142. Sutton, P. (2004). “A perspective on environmental sustainability”, Paper on the Victorian Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability, 1, 32.
143. Swarnapali, R. M. N. C. (2017). Corporate sustainability: A Literature review.
144. Şardağı, E. (2021). Yöneticilerin Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Kararlarında Etkili Olan Motivasyonlar: Turizm Sektörü Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi), Eskişehir, Anadolu Üniversitesi.
145. Taggar, S. (2002). “Individual creativity and group ability to utilize individual creative resources: A multilevel model”, Academy of management Journal, 45/2, 315-330. https://doi.org/10.5465/3069349
146. Tang, M., Walsh, G., Lerner, D., Fitza, M. A. ve Li, Q. (2018). “Green innovation, managerial concern and firm performance: An empirical study”, Business strategy and the Environment, 27/1, 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1981
147. Upton, D. M. (1994). “The management of manufacturing flexibility”, California management review, 36/2, 72-89. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165745
148. Uyanık, G. K. ve Güler, N. (2013). “A study on multiple linear regression analysis”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 234-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.027
149. Xie, X., Hoang, T. T. ve Zhu, Q. (2022). “Green process innovation and financial performance: The role of green social capital and customers’ tacit green needs”, Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7/1, 100165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100165
150. Van de Ven, A. H. ve Poole, M. S. (1995). “Explaining development and change in organizations”, Academy of Management Review, 20/3, 510-541. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080329
151. Vigoda-Gadot, E., Shoham, A., Ruvio, A. ve Schwabsky, N. (2005). Innovation in the Public Sector, The University of Haifa and NIFU STEP, Oslo.
152. Vigoda-Gadot, E., Shoham, A., Ruvio, A. ve Schwabsky, N. (2005). Report on the Publin surveys. Publing WP 3. Summary and Results.
153. Vu, Patrick. (2020). The Impact of Interpersonal Relations Between Teachers and Principals on Organizational Change and Cynicism in Public Elementary Schools Through the Lens of the Leader-Member Exchange Theory Northwest Nazarene University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  2020. 28094635
154. Wanberg, C. R. ve Banas, J. T. (2000). “Predictors and outcomes of openness to changes in a reorganizing workplace”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 85/1, 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.1.132
155. Wang, S., Abbas, J., Sial, M. S., Álvarez-Otero, S. ve Cioca, L. I. (2022). “Achieving green innovation and sustainable development goals through green knowledge management: Moderating role of organizational green culture”, Journal of innovation & knowledge, 7/4, 100272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100272
156. WBCSD: World Business Council for Sustainable Development. (2002). Sustainable development reporting: Striking the balance. Geneva: Author.
157. Weber, P. S. ve Manning, M. R. (2001). “Cause maps, sensemaking, and planned organizational change”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 37, 227–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886301372006
158. Weick, K. E. ve Quinn, R. E. (1999). “Organizational change and development”, Annu. Rev. Psychol. 50, 361–386. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.361
159. Wells, M. (2009). Toolkit for organisational change, Thomas F Cawsey and Gene Deszca (2007), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA; ISBN: 978-1-4129-4106-8; PB; 448 pp; USD 51.25. Journal of Management & Organization, 15/03, 399–400. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1833367200002728
160. Woodman, R. W. (1995). “Understandıng Organızatıonal Change: A Schematıc Perspectıve”, Academy Of Management Journal, 38/2, 537–554. https://doi.org/10.5465/256692
161. Wu, Y. C., Lin, B. W. ve Chen, C. J. (2013). “How do internal openness and external openness affect innovation capabilities and firm performance?”, IEEE Transactions on engineering management, 60/4, 704-716. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2013.2262050
162. Yazıcı, A. M., ve Çiçeklioğlu, H. (2025). “The moderating role of environmental ethics in the effect of green innovation awareness on corporate social responsibility”, Social Responsibility Journal, 21/4, 826-854. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2024-0306
163. Yıldız, B., Aslan, H. ve Çiğdem, Ş. (2017). “Örgütsel yenilikçiliğin çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkisinde bireysel yenilikçiliğin aracı rolü”, Researcher, 5/4, 129-145.
164. Yücel, D. (2021). “İnovasyonun yeni yüzü: Açık yeşil inovasyon”, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17/2, 419-441.
165. Zadeoğluları, S. (2010). Örgütsel değişime açıklık ve örgütsel bağlılık ilişkisi (Doktora tezi), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
166. Zehir, C., Altındağ, E. ve Acar, A. Z. (2011). “The effects of relationship orientation through innovation orientation on firm performance: an empirical study on Turkish family-owned firms”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 896-908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.024
167. Zehir, C. ve Ozgul, B. (2020).” Environmental orientation and firm performance: The mediation mechanism of green innovation”, International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 9/5, 13-25. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i5.883
168. Zimek, M. ve Baumgartner, R. (2017, October). Corporate sustainability activities and sustainability performance of first and second order. In 18th European Roundtable on Sustainable Consumption and Production Conference (ERSCP 2017), Skiathos Island, Greece (Vol. 10). https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i5.883