Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2026, Sayı: 72, 352 - 364, 19.01.2026

Hulusi Genç , Yahya Şahin , Yahya Aktu

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1711363

Öz

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

  • Afyonoğlu, M.F., Yiğit, R.R., Mısırlı, G.N., & Bilgin, Ö. (2024). Social work graduates as youth not in education, employment, or training (NEET) in Türkiye: An intersectional analysis. Journal of Social Service Research, 50(3), 494-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2024.2337931
  • Aktu, Y. (2016). Levinson’un kuramında ilk yetişkinlik döneminin yaşam yapısı. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 8(2), 162-177. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.12690
  • Asgari, Y., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2013). Depression in the community setting: Development and initialvalidation of the Daily Goals Scale. Clinical Psychologist, 17(3), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12011
  • Bakioğlu, F., & Eraslan-Çapan, B. (2015). Günlük amaçlar ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.174527
  • Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(95)00038-0
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (s. 136-162). Sage.Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, O., Karadeniz, S. ve
  • Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (24th ed.). Pegem.
  • Chen, Y., & Cao, Y. (2021). “Lying flat”: Emergence, formation mechanisms and social consequences. Fujian Tribune, 9, 182–193. Erişim adresi: https://caod.oriprobe.com/issues/2065118/toc.htm
  • Chen, Y., & Zhang, L. (2023). A study of the Internet buzzword “lying flat”. Sinogram Culture, 07, 134–136. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2023.07.031
  • Cohen, J. (2016). A power primer. E Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical Research (4th ed., s. 279-284). APA.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (5th ed.). Pegem.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2), 109-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
  • Demir, R., & Murat, M. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının mutluluk, iyimserlik, yaşam anlamı ve yaşam doyumlarının incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 7(13), 347-378. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.347656
  • Demirbaş-Çelik, N. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamda anlam ve yaşam amaçları arasındaki ilişki. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 6(1), 133–141.
  • Eisele, G., Vachon, H., Lafit, G., Kuppens, P., Houben, M., Myin-Germeys, I., & Viechtbauer, W. (2020). The effects of sampling frequency and questionnaire length on perceived burden, compliance, and careless responding in experience sampling data in a student population. Assessment, 29(2), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191120957102
  • Ekşi, H., Şahin, Y., Akça Koca, D., Eminoğlu, Z., & Ekşi, F. (2022). A bridge from will to authenticity: The role of meaning. Current Psychology, 42(18), 15090-15098. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02744-5
  • Frankl, V. E. (2016). İnsanın anlam arayışı (S. Budak, Çev.). Okyanus.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Hedayati, M. M., & Khazaei, M. M. (2014). An investigation of the relationship between depression,meaning in life and adult hope. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 598-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.753
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Seçkin.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Lin, L., & Gao, Y. (2021). Lying-flat youth: A structural dilemma explanation. China Youth Study, 10, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2021.0152
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Huang, A., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2023). Development and validation of the “lying flat” Tendency Scale for the youth. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110915
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2024). Antidote or poison: The relationship between “lying flat” tendency and mental health. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12556
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J., & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD's brief self-report measure of educational psychology's most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327574ijt0604_1
  • Qin, X., & Dai, Y. (2022). “Involution”, “Buddhist” to “lying flat”—cultivating the spirit of youth struggle from the changes of social mentality. China Youth Study, 2, 5-13. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0018
  • Ryan, R. M., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenico, S.I., & Deci, E. L. (2019). The nature and the conditions of human autonomy and flourishing: self-determination theory and basic psychological needs. R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (pp. 88-110). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equationmodels: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. MPR-Online, 8(2), 23- 74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Seçer, İ. (2015a). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Anı.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015b). SPSS ve LISREL ile pratik veri analizi: Analiz ve raporlaştırma. Anı.
  • Seligman M.E.P., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist 55/1 (2000) 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
  • Song, D., & Bie, Y. (2022). The nature, harms, and transcendence of “low-desire Lying Flat-ism”: based on the analytical perspective of contemporary youth’s multiple needs. China Youth Study, 2, 22-29. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0028
  • Steger M. F., Frazier P., Oishi S., & Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53/1 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
  • Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.; pp. 481–498). Pearson Education.
  • Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach's Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
  • Tarhan, S., & Bacanlı, H. (2015). Sürekli Umut Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness ve Well-Being, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Wei, D., & Wang, Y. (2023). “Involution” versus “lying flat”, discourse representation and behavioral performance of contemporary youth: A study based on rootedness theory. Youth Adolescent Studies 1, 51-64. https://doi.org/10.16399/j.cnki.qsnyj.2023.01.007
  • Weiss, M. R., Amorose, A. J., & Kipp, L. E. (2012). Youth motivation and participation in sport and physical activity. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (1st ed., pp. 520-553). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0029
  • Xin, T., & Jian, L. (2024). “Lying flat”: Chinese youths’ resistance to overwork and the practice of stratification. Youth and Globalization, 5(2), 231-251. https://doi.org/10.1163/25895745-05020002
  • Yalçıner, B., & Şimşir, Z. (2024). Eğitim fakültesi mezunlarında umut ve yaşamda anlam arasındaki ilişki: Azmin aracı rolü. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 14(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1302467
  • Zhang, Z., & Li, K. (2023). So you choose to “Lie flat?”“Sang-ness,” affective economies, and the “lying flat” movement. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 109(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630.2022.2143549
  • Zheng, X., Jing, C., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Y.-Y. (2023). Why are people ‘lying flat’? Personal relative deprivation suppresses self-improvement motivation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 62, 932–948. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12611

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 72, 352 - 364, 19.01.2026

Hulusi Genç , Yahya Şahin , Yahya Aktu

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1711363

Öz

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

  • Afyonoğlu, M.F., Yiğit, R.R., Mısırlı, G.N., & Bilgin, Ö. (2024). Social work graduates as youth not in education, employment, or training (NEET) in Türkiye: An intersectional analysis. Journal of Social Service Research, 50(3), 494-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2024.2337931
  • Aktu, Y. (2016). Levinson’un kuramında ilk yetişkinlik döneminin yaşam yapısı. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 8(2), 162-177. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.12690
  • Asgari, Y., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2013). Depression in the community setting: Development and initialvalidation of the Daily Goals Scale. Clinical Psychologist, 17(3), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12011
  • Bakioğlu, F., & Eraslan-Çapan, B. (2015). Günlük amaçlar ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.174527
  • Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(95)00038-0
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (s. 136-162). Sage.Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, O., Karadeniz, S. ve
  • Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (24th ed.). Pegem.
  • Chen, Y., & Cao, Y. (2021). “Lying flat”: Emergence, formation mechanisms and social consequences. Fujian Tribune, 9, 182–193. Erişim adresi: https://caod.oriprobe.com/issues/2065118/toc.htm
  • Chen, Y., & Zhang, L. (2023). A study of the Internet buzzword “lying flat”. Sinogram Culture, 07, 134–136. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2023.07.031
  • Cohen, J. (2016). A power primer. E Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical Research (4th ed., s. 279-284). APA.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (5th ed.). Pegem.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2), 109-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
  • Demir, R., & Murat, M. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının mutluluk, iyimserlik, yaşam anlamı ve yaşam doyumlarının incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 7(13), 347-378. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.347656
  • Demirbaş-Çelik, N. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamda anlam ve yaşam amaçları arasındaki ilişki. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 6(1), 133–141.
  • Eisele, G., Vachon, H., Lafit, G., Kuppens, P., Houben, M., Myin-Germeys, I., & Viechtbauer, W. (2020). The effects of sampling frequency and questionnaire length on perceived burden, compliance, and careless responding in experience sampling data in a student population. Assessment, 29(2), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191120957102
  • Ekşi, H., Şahin, Y., Akça Koca, D., Eminoğlu, Z., & Ekşi, F. (2022). A bridge from will to authenticity: The role of meaning. Current Psychology, 42(18), 15090-15098. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02744-5
  • Frankl, V. E. (2016). İnsanın anlam arayışı (S. Budak, Çev.). Okyanus.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Hedayati, M. M., & Khazaei, M. M. (2014). An investigation of the relationship between depression,meaning in life and adult hope. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 598-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.753
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Seçkin.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Lin, L., & Gao, Y. (2021). Lying-flat youth: A structural dilemma explanation. China Youth Study, 10, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2021.0152
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Huang, A., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2023). Development and validation of the “lying flat” Tendency Scale for the youth. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110915
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2024). Antidote or poison: The relationship between “lying flat” tendency and mental health. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12556
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J., & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD's brief self-report measure of educational psychology's most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327574ijt0604_1
  • Qin, X., & Dai, Y. (2022). “Involution”, “Buddhist” to “lying flat”—cultivating the spirit of youth struggle from the changes of social mentality. China Youth Study, 2, 5-13. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0018
  • Ryan, R. M., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenico, S.I., & Deci, E. L. (2019). The nature and the conditions of human autonomy and flourishing: self-determination theory and basic psychological needs. R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (pp. 88-110). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equationmodels: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. MPR-Online, 8(2), 23- 74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Seçer, İ. (2015a). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Anı.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015b). SPSS ve LISREL ile pratik veri analizi: Analiz ve raporlaştırma. Anı.
  • Seligman M.E.P., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist 55/1 (2000) 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
  • Song, D., & Bie, Y. (2022). The nature, harms, and transcendence of “low-desire Lying Flat-ism”: based on the analytical perspective of contemporary youth’s multiple needs. China Youth Study, 2, 22-29. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0028
  • Steger M. F., Frazier P., Oishi S., & Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53/1 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
  • Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.; pp. 481–498). Pearson Education.
  • Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach's Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
  • Tarhan, S., & Bacanlı, H. (2015). Sürekli Umut Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness ve Well-Being, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Wei, D., & Wang, Y. (2023). “Involution” versus “lying flat”, discourse representation and behavioral performance of contemporary youth: A study based on rootedness theory. Youth Adolescent Studies 1, 51-64. https://doi.org/10.16399/j.cnki.qsnyj.2023.01.007
  • Weiss, M. R., Amorose, A. J., & Kipp, L. E. (2012). Youth motivation and participation in sport and physical activity. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (1st ed., pp. 520-553). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0029
  • Xin, T., & Jian, L. (2024). “Lying flat”: Chinese youths’ resistance to overwork and the practice of stratification. Youth and Globalization, 5(2), 231-251. https://doi.org/10.1163/25895745-05020002
  • Yalçıner, B., & Şimşir, Z. (2024). Eğitim fakültesi mezunlarında umut ve yaşamda anlam arasındaki ilişki: Azmin aracı rolü. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 14(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1302467
  • Zhang, Z., & Li, K. (2023). So you choose to “Lie flat?”“Sang-ness,” affective economies, and the “lying flat” movement. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 109(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630.2022.2143549
  • Zheng, X., Jing, C., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Y.-Y. (2023). Why are people ‘lying flat’? Personal relative deprivation suppresses self-improvement motivation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 62, 932–948. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12611

ADAPTATION OF THE LYING FLAT TENDENCY SCALE INTO TURKISH CULTURE

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 72, 352 - 364, 19.01.2026

Hulusi Genç , Yahya Şahin , Yahya Aktu

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1711363

Öz

This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Lying Flat Tendency Scale (LFTS) among Turkish young adults and to examine whether meaning in life mediates the relationship between daily goals and LFT. A total of 788 young adults aged between 18 and 25 (Mean age = 20.03 ± 3.80) participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis, criterion validity, and predictive validity studies were conducted to ensure structural validity. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between LFTS and the Constant Hope Scale for criterion validity. For predictive validity, the mediating role of meaning in life between daily goals and LFT was assessed using the bootstrap method. Reliability analyses included Cronbach’s alpha, the 27% lower-upper group t-test, and McDonald’s omega. The findings revealed that the six-item, single-factor LFTS demonstrated excellent model fit indices. Furthermore, LFTS exhibited a high level of reliability ( = 0.71, ω = 0.70). A significant negative relationship was found between LFT and continuous hope. Additionally, the study identified the mediating effect of meaning in life on the relationship between daily goals and LFT. In conclusion, LFTS can be utilized as a valid and reliable measurement tool to assess the tendencies of Turkish young adults in their participation in the labor market and their withdrawal from job-seeking activities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lying flat tendency Daily goals Meaning in life Constant hope Validity

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

  • Afyonoğlu, M.F., Yiğit, R.R., Mısırlı, G.N., & Bilgin, Ö. (2024). Social work graduates as youth not in education, employment, or training (NEET) in Türkiye: An intersectional analysis. Journal of Social Service Research, 50(3), 494-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2024.2337931
  • Aktu, Y. (2016). Levinson’un kuramında ilk yetişkinlik döneminin yaşam yapısı. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 8(2), 162-177. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.12690
  • Asgari, Y., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2013). Depression in the community setting: Development and initialvalidation of the Daily Goals Scale. Clinical Psychologist, 17(3), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12011
  • Bakioğlu, F., & Eraslan-Çapan, B. (2015). Günlük amaçlar ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.174527
  • Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(95)00038-0
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (s. 136-162). Sage.Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, O., Karadeniz, S. ve
  • Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (24th ed.). Pegem.
  • Chen, Y., & Cao, Y. (2021). “Lying flat”: Emergence, formation mechanisms and social consequences. Fujian Tribune, 9, 182–193. Erişim adresi: https://caod.oriprobe.com/issues/2065118/toc.htm
  • Chen, Y., & Zhang, L. (2023). A study of the Internet buzzword “lying flat”. Sinogram Culture, 07, 134–136. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2023.07.031
  • Cohen, J. (2016). A power primer. E Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical Research (4th ed., s. 279-284). APA.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (5th ed.). Pegem.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2), 109-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
  • Demir, R., & Murat, M. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının mutluluk, iyimserlik, yaşam anlamı ve yaşam doyumlarının incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 7(13), 347-378. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.347656
  • Demirbaş-Çelik, N. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamda anlam ve yaşam amaçları arasındaki ilişki. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 6(1), 133–141.
  • Eisele, G., Vachon, H., Lafit, G., Kuppens, P., Houben, M., Myin-Germeys, I., & Viechtbauer, W. (2020). The effects of sampling frequency and questionnaire length on perceived burden, compliance, and careless responding in experience sampling data in a student population. Assessment, 29(2), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191120957102
  • Ekşi, H., Şahin, Y., Akça Koca, D., Eminoğlu, Z., & Ekşi, F. (2022). A bridge from will to authenticity: The role of meaning. Current Psychology, 42(18), 15090-15098. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02744-5
  • Frankl, V. E. (2016). İnsanın anlam arayışı (S. Budak, Çev.). Okyanus.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Hedayati, M. M., & Khazaei, M. M. (2014). An investigation of the relationship between depression,meaning in life and adult hope. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 598-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.753
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Seçkin.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Lin, L., & Gao, Y. (2021). Lying-flat youth: A structural dilemma explanation. China Youth Study, 10, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2021.0152
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Huang, A., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2023). Development and validation of the “lying flat” Tendency Scale for the youth. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110915
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2024). Antidote or poison: The relationship between “lying flat” tendency and mental health. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12556
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J., & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD's brief self-report measure of educational psychology's most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327574ijt0604_1
  • Qin, X., & Dai, Y. (2022). “Involution”, “Buddhist” to “lying flat”—cultivating the spirit of youth struggle from the changes of social mentality. China Youth Study, 2, 5-13. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0018
  • Ryan, R. M., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenico, S.I., & Deci, E. L. (2019). The nature and the conditions of human autonomy and flourishing: self-determination theory and basic psychological needs. R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (pp. 88-110). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equationmodels: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. MPR-Online, 8(2), 23- 74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Seçer, İ. (2015a). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Anı.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015b). SPSS ve LISREL ile pratik veri analizi: Analiz ve raporlaştırma. Anı.
  • Seligman M.E.P., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist 55/1 (2000) 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
  • Song, D., & Bie, Y. (2022). The nature, harms, and transcendence of “low-desire Lying Flat-ism”: based on the analytical perspective of contemporary youth’s multiple needs. China Youth Study, 2, 22-29. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0028
  • Steger M. F., Frazier P., Oishi S., & Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53/1 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
  • Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.; pp. 481–498). Pearson Education.
  • Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach's Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
  • Tarhan, S., & Bacanlı, H. (2015). Sürekli Umut Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness ve Well-Being, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Wei, D., & Wang, Y. (2023). “Involution” versus “lying flat”, discourse representation and behavioral performance of contemporary youth: A study based on rootedness theory. Youth Adolescent Studies 1, 51-64. https://doi.org/10.16399/j.cnki.qsnyj.2023.01.007
  • Weiss, M. R., Amorose, A. J., & Kipp, L. E. (2012). Youth motivation and participation in sport and physical activity. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (1st ed., pp. 520-553). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0029
  • Xin, T., & Jian, L. (2024). “Lying flat”: Chinese youths’ resistance to overwork and the practice of stratification. Youth and Globalization, 5(2), 231-251. https://doi.org/10.1163/25895745-05020002
  • Yalçıner, B., & Şimşir, Z. (2024). Eğitim fakültesi mezunlarında umut ve yaşamda anlam arasındaki ilişki: Azmin aracı rolü. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 14(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1302467
  • Zhang, Z., & Li, K. (2023). So you choose to “Lie flat?”“Sang-ness,” affective economies, and the “lying flat” movement. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 109(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630.2022.2143549
  • Zheng, X., Jing, C., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Y.-Y. (2023). Why are people ‘lying flat’? Personal relative deprivation suppresses self-improvement motivation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 62, 932–948. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12611

PASİF YAŞANTI EĞİLİMİ ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 72, 352 - 364, 19.01.2026

Hulusi Genç , Yahya Şahin , Yahya Aktu

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1711363

Öz

Bu çalışma, Pasif Yaşantı Eğilimi Ölçeği’nin (PAYE-Ö) Türk genç yetişkinler örneklemindeki psikometrik özelliklerini değerlendirmeyi ve günlük hedefler ile yatış eğilimi arasındaki ilişkide yaşam anlamının aracılık rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya 18 ile 25 yaşları arasında (Ortalama yaş= 20.03 ± 3.80) toplam 788 genç yetişkin katılmıştır. Yapısal geçerliliği sağlamak için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçüt geçerliliği ve yordayıcı geçerlilik çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Ölçek geçerliliği için Pearson korelasyon katsayıları, PAYE-Ö ile Sürekli Umut Ölçeği arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Yordayıcı geçerlilik için, günlük hedefler ile pasif yaşantı eğilimi arasındaki ilişkide yaşam anlamının aracı rolü, bootstrap yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Güvenirlik analizleri, Cronbach alfa katsayısı, %27 alt-üst grup t-testi ve McDonald’s omega ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, altı maddeli, tek faktörlü PAYE-Ö’nün mükemmel model uyum indekslerine sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, ölçeğin yüksek düzeyde güvenirliğe sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir ( = 0.71, ω = 0.70). PAYE ile sürekli umut arasında anlamlı bir negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, günlük hedefler ile pasif yaşantı eğilimi arasındaki ilişkide yaşam anlamının aracı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, PAYE-Ö, Türk genç yetişkinlerin iş gücüne katılım eğilimlerini ve iş arama faaliyetlerinden çekilme yönelimlerini değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pasif yaşantı eğilimi Günlük amaçlar Yaşamda anlam Sürekli umut Geçerlik

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimlerde İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulunda (No. 20280) 06.12.2023 tarihli 2023/22 toplantısında alınan onay kararı ile yürütülmüştür.

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

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  • Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (24th ed.). Pegem.
  • Chen, Y., & Cao, Y. (2021). “Lying flat”: Emergence, formation mechanisms and social consequences. Fujian Tribune, 9, 182–193. Erişim adresi: https://caod.oriprobe.com/issues/2065118/toc.htm
  • Chen, Y., & Zhang, L. (2023). A study of the Internet buzzword “lying flat”. Sinogram Culture, 07, 134–136. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2023.07.031
  • Cohen, J. (2016). A power primer. E Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical Research (4th ed., s. 279-284). APA.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (5th ed.). Pegem.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2), 109-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
  • Demir, R., & Murat, M. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının mutluluk, iyimserlik, yaşam anlamı ve yaşam doyumlarının incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 7(13), 347-378. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.347656
  • Demirbaş-Çelik, N. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamda anlam ve yaşam amaçları arasındaki ilişki. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 6(1), 133–141.
  • Eisele, G., Vachon, H., Lafit, G., Kuppens, P., Houben, M., Myin-Germeys, I., & Viechtbauer, W. (2020). The effects of sampling frequency and questionnaire length on perceived burden, compliance, and careless responding in experience sampling data in a student population. Assessment, 29(2), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191120957102
  • Ekşi, H., Şahin, Y., Akça Koca, D., Eminoğlu, Z., & Ekşi, F. (2022). A bridge from will to authenticity: The role of meaning. Current Psychology, 42(18), 15090-15098. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02744-5
  • Frankl, V. E. (2016). İnsanın anlam arayışı (S. Budak, Çev.). Okyanus.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Hedayati, M. M., & Khazaei, M. M. (2014). An investigation of the relationship between depression,meaning in life and adult hope. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 598-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.753
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Seçkin.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Lin, L., & Gao, Y. (2021). Lying-flat youth: A structural dilemma explanation. China Youth Study, 10, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2021.0152
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Huang, A., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2023). Development and validation of the “lying flat” Tendency Scale for the youth. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110915
  • Lu, H., Hou, J., Wang, J., & Kong, F. (2024). Antidote or poison: The relationship between “lying flat” tendency and mental health. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12556
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., Artelt, C., Baumert, J., & Peschar, J. L. (2006). OECD's brief self-report measure of educational psychology's most useful affective constructs: Cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6(4), 311-360. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327574ijt0604_1
  • Qin, X., & Dai, Y. (2022). “Involution”, “Buddhist” to “lying flat”—cultivating the spirit of youth struggle from the changes of social mentality. China Youth Study, 2, 5-13. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0018
  • Ryan, R. M., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenico, S.I., & Deci, E. L. (2019). The nature and the conditions of human autonomy and flourishing: self-determination theory and basic psychological needs. R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (pp. 88-110). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equationmodels: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. MPR-Online, 8(2), 23- 74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Seçer, İ. (2015a). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Anı.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015b). SPSS ve LISREL ile pratik veri analizi: Analiz ve raporlaştırma. Anı.
  • Seligman M.E.P., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist 55/1 (2000) 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
  • Song, D., & Bie, Y. (2022). The nature, harms, and transcendence of “low-desire Lying Flat-ism”: based on the analytical perspective of contemporary youth’s multiple needs. China Youth Study, 2, 22-29. https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2022.0028
  • Steger M. F., Frazier P., Oishi S., & Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53/1 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
  • Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.; pp. 481–498). Pearson Education.
  • Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach's Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
  • Tarhan, S., & Bacanlı, H. (2015). Sürekli Umut Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness ve Well-Being, 3(1), 1-14.
  • Wei, D., & Wang, Y. (2023). “Involution” versus “lying flat”, discourse representation and behavioral performance of contemporary youth: A study based on rootedness theory. Youth Adolescent Studies 1, 51-64. https://doi.org/10.16399/j.cnki.qsnyj.2023.01.007
  • Weiss, M. R., Amorose, A. J., & Kipp, L. E. (2012). Youth motivation and participation in sport and physical activity. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (1st ed., pp. 520-553). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0029
  • Xin, T., & Jian, L. (2024). “Lying flat”: Chinese youths’ resistance to overwork and the practice of stratification. Youth and Globalization, 5(2), 231-251. https://doi.org/10.1163/25895745-05020002
  • Yalçıner, B., & Şimşir, Z. (2024). Eğitim fakültesi mezunlarında umut ve yaşamda anlam arasındaki ilişki: Azmin aracı rolü. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 14(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1302467
  • Zhang, Z., & Li, K. (2023). So you choose to “Lie flat?”“Sang-ness,” affective economies, and the “lying flat” movement. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 109(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630.2022.2143549
  • Zheng, X., Jing, C., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Y.-Y. (2023). Why are people ‘lying flat’? Personal relative deprivation suppresses self-improvement motivation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 62, 932–948. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12611
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikolojik danışmanlık, Eğitim Psikolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hulusi Genç 0000-0002-2115-4776

Yahya Şahin 0000-0003-0647-4605

Yahya Aktu 0000-0002-5540-7399

Proje Numarası -
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 12 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Ocak 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Sayı: 72

Kaynak Göster

APA Genç, H., Şahin, Y., & Aktu, Y. (2026). PASİF YAŞANTI EĞİLİMİ ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(72), 352-364. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1711363


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