SAĞLIK, ÇEVRE, KENTLEŞME VE GELİR ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN YENİ SANAYİLEŞMİŞ ÜLKELER ÖZELİNDE İRDELENMESİ: CS-ARDL MODELİ AMPİRİK KANITLARI

Öz

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma; çevresel sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal koşullardaki iyileştirmeler ve ekonomik performans göstergeleri arasında bir denge durumudur. Bu dengeyi yönetmek, karmaşık bir süreçtir ve ülkelerin sağlık, çevre, enerji, sosyal ve ekonomik faktörleri gibi çoklu yönlerini uygun politikalarla birleştirmelerini gerektirir. Belirtilen arka plan temelinde bu araştırmada, 1990-2021 zaman aralığında yeni sanayileşmiş ülkeler örnekleminde sağlık durumu, çevre kalitesi, kentleşme ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki bağlantıların panel veri metodolojisi takip edilerek incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yaşam beklentisi, metan emisyonları, fosil yakıt tüketimi, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, kentsel nüfus ve gelir değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. CS-ARDL tahmincisinden ulaşılan kısa ve uzun dönemli bulgular, fosil yakıt tüketiminin yaşam beklentisini azalttığını, buna karşılık gelirin artırdığını ampirik olarak kanıtlamaktadır. Nedensellik analizi bulguları ise emisyonlar, fosil yakıt tüketimi, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı ve gelirin, yaşam beklentisinin tek yönlü Granger nedeni olduğunu doğrulamaktadır. Politika çıkarımları, sağlık çıktısının iyileştirilmesinde özellikle konvansiyonel enerjiden temiz enerjiye geçiş sürecinin hızlandırılmasını, çevre dostu enerji kaynaklarının kullanılmasını, sürdürülebilir ve kapsayıcı bir ekonomik büyümenin benimsenmesini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yaşam Beklentisi
• Çevre Kalitesi
• Kentleşme
• Gelir
• CS-ARDL Modeli
• Nedensellik Testi

EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT, URBANIZATION AND INCOME WITH RESPECT TO NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE CS-ARDL MODEL

Öz

Sustainable development is a state of balance between environmental sustainability, improvements in social conditions, and economic performance indicators. Managing this balance is a complex process and requires countries to combine multiple aspects, such as health, environment, energy, social and economic factors with appropriate policies. Based on the stated background, the purpose of this research is to examine the links between health status, environmental quality, urbanization, and economic growth in a sample of newly industrialized countries for the period 1990-2021 by using the panel data methodology. In line with the purpose of the study, life expectancy, methane emissions, fossil fuel consumption, renewable energy consumption, urban population, and income variables were used. Short-term and long-term findings from the CS-ARDL estimator empirically prove that fossil fuel consumption reduces life expectancy while increasing income. The findings of causality analysis confirm that emissions, fossil fuel consumption, renewable energy use, and income are the unidirectional Granger causes of life expectancy. Policy implications emphasize the acceleration of the transition from conventional energy to clean energy, the use of environmentally friendly energy sources, and the adoption of sustainable and inclusive economic growth in improving health outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Life Expectancy
• Environmental Quality
• Urbanization
• Income
• CS-ARDL Model
• Causality Test

Kaynakça

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