Araştırma Makalesi
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ÜÇLEME: PASİF LİDERLİK, İŞ TATMİNİ VE İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİ

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 109 - 121, 01.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.974443

Öz

Türkiye, dünyanın en büyük turizm pazarlarından biridir. Son zamanlarda yapılan araştırmalar, Türk turizm sektörü çalışanlarının işlerinden tatmin olmadıklarını ve sektörde işgücü devir oranlarının çok yüksek, hatta diğer sektörlere göre daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadırlar. Çalışanların iş tatmini ve elde tutulması, turizm sektörü başarısının karşı karşıya olduğu çok önemli zorluklardır ve bu nedenle bilim adamlarının ilgi odağında yer almaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, çalışanların örgütten ayrılma niyetlerinin iş tatmini ve algılanan pasif liderlik davranışları ile ne ölçüde ilişkili olduğunu araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul’da turizm sektöründe 472 çalışan ile yapılan araştırma sonucunda yöneticilerin algılanan pasif liderlik davranışlarının çalışanların iş tatminlerini azalttığı ve işten ayrılma niyetlerini artırdığı ortaya koyulmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları aynı zamanda algılanan pasif liderlik ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında iş tatmininin kısmi aracılık etkisi olduğunu da ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2000). MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Redwood City: Mind Garden.
  • Bass, B. M. & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Bonn, M. A. & Forbringer, L. R. (1992). Reducing Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: An Overview of Recruitment, Selection and Retention, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 11(1), 47-63.
  • den Hartog, Deanne N.; Van Muijen, J. J. & Koopman, P. L. (1997). Transactional Versus Transformational Leadership: An Analysis of the MLQ, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19-34.
  • Derue, D. S.; Craig, J.; Wellman, E. & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and Behavioral Theories of Leadership: An Integration and Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Validity, Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7-52.
  • Dumdum, U. R.; Lowe, K. B. & Avolio, B. J. (2002). A Meta-Analysis of Transformational and Transactional Leadership. In B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead (35–66). Oxford, England: Elsevier Science.
  • Dusek, G. A.; Clarke, R., Yurova, Y. & Ruppel, C.P. (2016). Employee Turnover in International Brand Hotels in Russia: A Comparison of Nationals and Foreign Nationals, Journal of East-West Business, 22(1), 51-75.
  • Erkutlu, H. (2008). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational and Leadership Effectiveness, Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 708–726.
  • Ernst Young Kurumsal Finansman Danışmanlık (2017). Tourism Market Overview Turkey & Istanbul, 2017, 1st Half. Retrieved at https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Tourism/%24FILE/EY_Tourism_ Industry_Overview _2017.pdf
  • Faldetta, G.; Fasone, V. & Provenzano, C. (2013). Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Can Reciprocity Solve the Problem? Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 11, 583-595.
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  • Harold, C. M. & Holtz, B. C. (2015). The Effects of Passive Leadership on Workplace Incivility, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 16-38.
  • Hatipoğlu, B.; Alvarez, M. D.; İnelmen, K. & Ünalan, D. (2013). İstanbul Otellerinin 3600 Değerlendirmesi: Araştırma Proje Raporu. Retrieved at http://www.turob.com/Files/B%C3%9C%20360%20Rapor.pdf
  • Hinkin, T. R. & Schriesheim, C. A. (2008). An Examination of “Nonleadership”: From Laissez-Faire Leadership to Leader Reward Omission and Punishment Omission, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1234-1248.
  • Holston-Okae, B. L. (2018). The Effect of Employee Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Quantitative Correlational Study, International Journal of Learning and Development, 8(1), 156-183.
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TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 109 - 121, 01.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.974443

Öz

Turkey is one of the major global tourism markets. Recent research reveals that the employees of the Turkish tourism sector are dissatisfied with their jobs and employee turnover rates of the sector are very high, even higher than other sectors. Employee job satisfaction and retention are crucial challenges that face the tourism sector success and therefore they are in the focus of scholar interest. This study proposes to investigate the extent to which employees’ intention to leave the organization are related to the job satisfaction and perceived passive leadership behaviors. As a result of the research conducted with 472 employees in the tourism sector in Istanbul, it was determined that the perceived passive leadership behaviors of the managers decreased employees’ job satisfaction and increased their intention to leave. It was also found that job satisfaction has a partial mediating effect between perceived passive leadership and intention to leave.

Kaynakça

  • Al-Ababneh, M. & Lockwood, A. (2010). The Influence of Managerial Leadership Style on Employee Job satisfaction in Jordanian Resort Hotels, 28th EuroCHRIE Annual Research, 25.10.2010-28.10.2010, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  • AlBattat, A.R., Som, A.P.M. & Helalat, A.S. (2013). Overcoming Staff Turnover in the Hospitality Industry using Mobley's Model, International Journal of Learning & Development, 3(6), 64-71.
  • Armstrong, M. (2007). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (10th Edition). London: Kogan Page.
  • Aydın, Ş. (2005). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi: İlkeler ve Uygulamalar. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Avolio, B. J. (2011). Full Range Leadership Development. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
  • Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182
  • Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the Transactional - Transformational Leadership Paradigm Transcend Organizational and National Boundaries? American Psychologist, 52(2), 130-139.
  • Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (1990). Transformational Leadership Development: Manual for The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2000). MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Redwood City: Mind Garden.
  • Bass, B. M. & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Bonn, M. A. & Forbringer, L. R. (1992). Reducing Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: An Overview of Recruitment, Selection and Retention, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 11(1), 47-63.
  • den Hartog, Deanne N.; Van Muijen, J. J. & Koopman, P. L. (1997). Transactional Versus Transformational Leadership: An Analysis of the MLQ, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19-34.
  • Derue, D. S.; Craig, J.; Wellman, E. & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and Behavioral Theories of Leadership: An Integration and Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Validity, Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7-52.
  • Dumdum, U. R.; Lowe, K. B. & Avolio, B. J. (2002). A Meta-Analysis of Transformational and Transactional Leadership. In B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead (35–66). Oxford, England: Elsevier Science.
  • Dusek, G. A.; Clarke, R., Yurova, Y. & Ruppel, C.P. (2016). Employee Turnover in International Brand Hotels in Russia: A Comparison of Nationals and Foreign Nationals, Journal of East-West Business, 22(1), 51-75.
  • Erkutlu, H. (2008). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational and Leadership Effectiveness, Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 708–726.
  • Ernst Young Kurumsal Finansman Danışmanlık (2017). Tourism Market Overview Turkey & Istanbul, 2017, 1st Half. Retrieved at https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Tourism/%24FILE/EY_Tourism_ Industry_Overview _2017.pdf
  • Faldetta, G.; Fasone, V. & Provenzano, C. (2013). Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Can Reciprocity Solve the Problem? Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 11, 583-595.
  • Friedrich, B. (2001). Staying Power: First-line Managers Keep Nurses Satisfied with Their Jobs, Nursing Management, 32(7), 26-28.
  • Garman, A.N.; Davis-Lenane, D. & Corrigan, P. W. (2003). Factor Structure of the Transformational Leadership Model in Human Service Teams, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 803–812.
  • George, E. & Zakkariya, K. A. (2018). Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Ghiselli, R.; La Lopa, J. & Bai, B. (2001). Job Satisfaction, Life Satisfaction and Turnover Intent among Food-Service Managers, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(1), 28-37.
  • Hair, J. F.; Black, W. C.; Babin, B. J.; Anderson, R. E. & Tatham, R. L. (2005). Multivariate data analysis: Sixth Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Harold, C. M. & Holtz, B. C. (2015). The Effects of Passive Leadership on Workplace Incivility, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 16-38.
  • Hatipoğlu, B.; Alvarez, M. D.; İnelmen, K. & Ünalan, D. (2013). İstanbul Otellerinin 3600 Değerlendirmesi: Araştırma Proje Raporu. Retrieved at http://www.turob.com/Files/B%C3%9C%20360%20Rapor.pdf
  • Hinkin, T. R. & Schriesheim, C. A. (2008). An Examination of “Nonleadership”: From Laissez-Faire Leadership to Leader Reward Omission and Punishment Omission, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1234-1248.
  • Holston-Okae, B. L. (2018). The Effect of Employee Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Quantitative Correlational Study, International Journal of Learning and Development, 8(1), 156-183.
  • Hooper, D.; Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. (2008). Structural Equation Modelling: Guidelines for Determining Model Fit, Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60. Retrieved at http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context= buschmanart.
  • Hoover, N. R.; Petrosko, J. M. & Schulz, R. R. (1991). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: An Empirical Test of a Theory, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Chicago, IL, April 3-7,1991)
  • Horwath HTL (2019). European Hotels & Chains Report 2019. Retrieved at http://www.turob.com/Files/Dosyalar/pdf/HTL_2019_EU_CHAINS-2.pdf
  • Howell, J. M. & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Locus of Control, and Support for Innovation: Key Predictors of Consolidated-Business-Unit Performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891–902.
  • Ismail, O. (2014). Managing Cats and Dogs within Hospitality Organizations. In I. S Pantelidis (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Hospitality Management (98-109). New York: Routledge.
  • İşbankası İktisadi Araştırmalar Bölümü (2018, Mart). Sektörlerle İlgili 2018 Beklentileri Retrieved at https://ekonomi.isbank.com.tr/ContentManagement/Documents/rt_2018.pdf
  • Jackson, E. (2014, May 11). The Top 8 Reasons Your Best People Are About to Quit - And How You Can Keep Them. Retrieved at http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericjackson/2014/05/11/the-top8-reasons-your-best-people-are-about-to-quit-and-how-youcan-keep-them/#12a43731719b
  • Judge, T. A. & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Value, Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 89, 755-768.
  • Kara, D.; Uysal, M.; Sirgy, M. J. & Lee, G. (2013). The Effects of Leadership Style on Employee Well-Being in Hospitality, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 9-18.
  • Karatepe, O. M.; Uludag, O.; Menevis, İ.; Hadzimehmedagic, L. & Baddar, L. (2006). The Effects of Selected Individual Characteristics on Frontline Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction, Tourism Management 27(4), 547–560.
  • Kaya, İ. (2010). Otel İşletmelerinde İşgörenlerin İş Tatminini Etkileyen İşi Bırakma Eğilimi, Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(2), 219-236.
  • Kelloway, E. K.; Sivanathan, N.; Francis, L. & Barling, J. (2005). Poor Leadership. In J. Barling, E.K. Kelloway, & M.R. Frone (Eds.). Handbook of Work Stress (89-112). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Kelloway, E. K.; Mullen, J. E. & Francis, L. (2006). Injuring Your Leadership: How Passive Leadership affects Employee Safety, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(1), 76-86.
  • Kemelgor, B. H. (1982). Job Satisfaction as Mediated by the Value Congruity of Supervisors and Their Subordinates, Journal of Occupational Behavior, 3(2), 147-160.
  • Keskin, A. & Cansız, H. (2010). Tourism, Turkey and Economic Development, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 23-46.
  • Kleinman, C. (2004). The Relationship between Managerial Leadership Behaviors and Staff Nurse Retention, Hospital Topics, 82(4), 2-9.
  • Kuria, S.; Odingi, A. & Wanderi, P. (2012). Assessment of Causes of Labor Turnover in Three and Five Star-Rated Hotels in Kenya, International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 311-317.
  • Lam, T.; Zhang, H. & Baum, T. (2001). An Investigation of Employees’ Job Satisfaction: The Case of Hotels in Hong Kong, Tourism Management, 22(2), 157-165.
  • Lipman, V. (2015). The Type B Manager: Leading Successfully in a Type A World. NewYork: Prentice Hall Press.
  • Lok, P. & Crawford, J. (2004). The Effect of Organizational Culture and Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment: A Cross-National Comparison, Journal of Management Development, 23(4), 321-338.
  • Long, C. S. & Thean, L. Y. (2011). Relationship Between Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction and Employees’ Turnover Intention: A Literature Review, Research Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 91-100.
  • MacIntosh, E. W. & Doherty, A. (2010). The Influence of Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave, Sport Management Review, 13(2), 106–117.
  • Maranto, R. (2018). Waste Connections: A Servant Leadership Success Story. In K. Blanchard & R. Broadwell (Eds.) Servant Leadership in Action: How You Can Achieve Great Relationships and Results (231-238). Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
  • Marshall, T.; Mottier, E. M. & Lewis, R. A. (2015). Motivational Factors and The Hospitality Industry: A Case Study Examining the Effects of Changes in The Working Environment, Journal of Business Case Studies, 11(3), 123-132.
  • Masters, A. & Wallace, H. R. (2011). Personal Development for Life and Work. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • Ministry of Labour and Social Security General Directorate of Labour (2014, November). National Employment Strategy (2014 – 2023): Action Plans (2014–2016). Retrieved at http://www.uis.gov.tr/Media/Books/UIS-en.pdf
  • Mosson, R.; von Thiele Schwarz, U.; Hasson, H.; Lundmark, R. & Richter, A. (2018). How do iLead? Validation of a Scale Measuring Active and Passive Implementation Leadership in Swedish Healthcare, BMJ Open; 8, e021992.
  • Narkhede, P. A. (2014). Employee Turnover in Hospitality Industries: A Study of Service Staff, The Journal of Indian Management & Strategy, 19(3), 4-8.
  • Neuman, J. H. & Baron, R. M. (2005). Aggression in the Workplace: A Social–Psychological Perspective. In S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive Behavior: Investigations of Actors and Targets. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Northouse, P. G. (2018). Introduction to Leadership: Concepts and Practice. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
  • Ntenga, K. E. & Awuor, E. (2018). Leadership Style and Employee Turnover Intentions in Organizations in Kenya: A Case of XYZ Company, Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 2(3), 87-109.
  • Preacher, K. J. & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), 717-731.
  • Puni, A.; Agyemang, C. B. & Asamoah, E. S. (2016). Leadership Styles, Employee Turnover Intentions and Counterproductive Work Behaviours, International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, 5(1), 1-7.
  • Qiu, H.; Ye, B. H.; Hung, K. & York, Q. Y. (2015). Exploring Antecedents of Employee Turnover Intention – Evidence of China’s Hotel Industry, Journal of China Tourism Research, 11(1), 53-66.
  • Reina, C. S.; Rogers, K. M.; Peterson, S. J.; Byron, K. & Hom, P. W. (2018). Quitting the Boss? The Role of Manager Influence Tactics and Employee Emotional Engagement in Voluntary Turnover. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 25(1), 5–18.
  • Ribelin, P. (2003). Retention Reflects Leadership Style, Nursing Management 34 (8), 18–19.
  • Rothfelder, K.; Ottenbacher, M. C. & Harrington, R. J. (2012). The Impact of Transformational, Transactional and Non-Leadership Styles on Employee Job Satisfaction in the German Hospitality Industry, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 12(4), 201–214.
  • Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. New York: Routledge.
  • Shader, K.; Broome, M.; Broome, C.; West, M. & Nash, M. (2001). Factors Influencing Satisfaction and Anticipated Turnover for Nurses in an Academic Medical Center, Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(4), 210–216.
  • Sharon, T. R.; Goziker, O. & Shahrabani, S. (2014). Factors Affecting the Decision to Remain in the Hospitality Industry among Hotel Front Office Desk Employees: The Case of Israel, Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 2, 364-375.
  • Stalcup, L. D. & Pearson, D. (2001). A Model of the Causes of Management Turnover in Hotels, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 25(1), 17–30.
  • T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı (2019). 2019 Ocak-Eylül Turizm İstatistikleri. Retrieved at https://yigm.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/67862,turizmistatistikleri2019-306112019pdf.pdf?0
  • Tepper, B. J. (2000). Consequences of Abusive Supervision, Academy of Management Journal, 43, 178–190.
  • Tett, R. P. & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, and Turnover: Path Analyses Based on Meta-Analytic Findings, Personnel Psychology, 46(2), 259–293.
  • Tsai, Y. (2011). Relationship between Organizational Culture, Leadership Behavior and Job Satisfaction, BMC Health Services Research, 11, 98, 1-9.
  • Türkiye Seyahat Acentaları Birliği (2019a). Turizmin Ekonomideki Yeri: İthalat / İhracat İçindeki Payı 1969-2018. Retrieved at https://www.tursab.org.tr/istatistikler/turizmin-ekonomideki-yeri
  • Türkiye Seyahat Acentaları Birliği (2019b). Turist Sayısı ve Turizm Geliri: Turizm Gelirleri. Retrieved at https://www.tursab.org.tr/istatistikler/turist-sayisi-ve-turizm-geliri
  • Unur, K.; Günay, M. & Çakıcı, A. C. (2019). Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Dört ve Beş Yıldızlı Şehir Otellerinde İşgören Devir Hızı Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 16 (2), 319-339.
  • Woods, S. A. & West, M. A. (2010). The Psychology of Work and Organizations. UK: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • World Tourism Organization & International Labour Organization (2014). Measuring Employment in the Tourism Industries: Guide with Best Practices. Retrieved at https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416158
  • Yammarino, F. J. & Bass, B. M. (1990). Transformational Leadership at Multiple Levels of Analysis, Human Relations, 43, 975–995.
  • Yang, J. (2008). Effect of Newcomer Socialization on Organisational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention in The Hotel Industry, The Service Industries Journal, 28(4), 429 –443.
  • Zohar, D. (2002). The Effects of Leadership Dimensions, Safety Climate, and Assigned Priorities on Minor Injuries in Work Groups, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(1), 75 -92.
Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Çalışma Ekonomisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elif Bilginoğlu 0000-0003-1481-0170

Uğur Yozgat 0000-0001-9893-3551

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2022
Kabul Tarihi 9 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 48

Kaynak Göster

APA Bilginoğlu, E., & Yozgat, U. (2022). TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(48), 109-121. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.974443
AMA Bilginoğlu E, Yozgat U. TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE. PAUSBED. Ocak 2022;(48):109-121. doi:10.30794/pausbed.974443
Chicago Bilginoğlu, Elif, ve Uğur Yozgat. “TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 48 (Ocak 2022): 109-21. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.974443.
EndNote Bilginoğlu E, Yozgat U (01 Ocak 2022) TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 48 109–121.
IEEE E. Bilginoğlu ve U. Yozgat, “TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE”, PAUSBED, sy. 48, ss. 109–121, Ocak 2022, doi: 10.30794/pausbed.974443.
ISNAD Bilginoğlu, Elif - Yozgat, Uğur. “TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 48 (Ocak 2022), 109-121. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.974443.
JAMA Bilginoğlu E, Yozgat U. TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE. PAUSBED. 2022;:109–121.
MLA Bilginoğlu, Elif ve Uğur Yozgat. “TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 48, 2022, ss. 109-21, doi:10.30794/pausbed.974443.
Vancouver Bilginoğlu E, Yozgat U. TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE. PAUSBED. 2022(48):109-21.