İŞ GÜCÜ SAĞLIĞI VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: YARIM YÜZYILDAN DAHA FAZLA BİR SÜREDE DİNAMİKLERİN KEŞFİ

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 56, 139 - 163, 22.05.2023

Gamze Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1135625

Öz

Bu çalışma, iş gücü sağlığının çıktı artışı ve yakınsama süreci üzerindeki rolünün 38 OECD üyesi ve 58 düşük gelirli ülkede 65 yıllık bir dönem için araştırılmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Sistem GMM tahminlerine dayanan ampirik bulgular, (i) 15 ila 20 yaş arasındaki genç iş gücünün yaşam beklentisindeki yıllık kazanımların ekonomik büyüme üzerinde anlamlı etkileri olduğunu, (ii) 20 yaşından sonra yakınsama oranının artan yaş ile birlikte gittikçe azaldığını, (iii) yetişkin ölümlerindeki artışların çıktı büyümesini, üretken yaşlardaki beşeri sermaye kaybı ve fiziksel sermayeye yatırım yapma teşviklerindeki düşüşler yoluyla, olumsuz etkilediğini ve (iv) tasarruf oranının büyümeyi arttırıcı etkilerinin OECD ülkelerinde artan yaş ile birlikte önemli ölçüde arttığını, ancak düşük gelirli ülkelerde ise bunun gerçekleşmediğini göstermektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları ayrıca, politikanın iş gücü sağlığını, nihayetinde verimliliği ve uzun vadeli ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etmede oynayabileceği kritik role ilişkin değerli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik büyüme, β-yakınsaması, İş gücü sağlığı, İnsan sermayesi, Dinamik panel veri

WORKFORCE HEALTH AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS FOR MORE THAN HALF A CENTURY

Öz

This study contributes to understanding the role of workforce health on output growth and convergence process in 38 OECD members and 58 low-income countries over a 65-year period. Empirical findings based on system GMM estimations show that (i) year gains in the longevity of the younger workforce at ages from 15 to 20 have significant effects on economic growth, (ii) after age 20, the rate of convergence slightly decreases with rising age, (iii) increases in adult mortality adversely affect output growth through the loss of human capital in productive ages and the decreases in the incentives to invest in physical capital, and (iv) the growth-enhancing effects of the savings rate considerably rises with increasing age in OECD countries but not in low-income countries. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the critical role that policy can play in promoting workforce health, ultimately productivity, and long-run economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic growth, β-convergence, Workforce health, Human capital, Dynamic panel data

Kaynakça

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