Havacılık Sektöründe Büyüme Stratejilerinin Önceliklendirilmesi: Fuzzy DEMATEL Yaklaşımı

Öz

Havacılık sektöründe büyüme stratejilerinin önceliklendirilmesi, sektörün değişen düzenleyici ortamlar, operasyonel zorluklar ve COVID-19 pandemisinin uzun vadeli etkileriyle başa çıkarken kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, temel stratejik girişimler arasındaki karşılıklı bağımlılıkları sistematik olarak analiz etmek için Bulanık DEMATEL (Fuzzy DEMATEL) yöntemini kullanarak Sürdürülebilir Havacılık Uygulamaları (SAP) ve Karbon Emisyonlarının Azaltılması (CER) stratejilerini büyümenin en önemli itici güçleri olarak belirlemiştir. Çalışma, Türkiye'deki uzman değerlendirmelerine dayanmaktadır. Havacılık sürdürülebilirliği, havalimanı planlaması, düzenleyici politika, filo operasyonları ve stratejik karar alma alanlarında uzmanlaşmış dokuz uzman seçilmiştir. Uzmanların deneyim seviyeleri 10 ila 30 yıl arasında değişmekte olup, büyüme stratejilerinin kapsamlı ve bilinçli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesini sağlamaktadır. Uzmanlar, çeşitli stratejik faktörlerin etkisini değerlendirmek için çift yönlü karşılaştırmalar gerçekleştirmiş ve Bulanık DEMATEL yöntemi kullanılarak nedensellik ilişkileri analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, SAP’nin en yüksek önem ve net nedensellik puanlarına sahip olduğunu ve Enerji Tüketiminin Optimizasyonu (ECO), COVID Sonrası İyileşme Stratejileri (PCRS) ve Gelecek Havalimanı Planlaması (FAP) için temel bir kolaylaştırıcı rol oynadığını göstermektedir. İkinci en etkili strateji olarak belirlenen CER, SAP ve ECO üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir, düzenleyici uyumluluğun sağlanması ve operasyonel verimliliğin artırılmasında kritik bir rol üstlenmektedir. Çalışma, SAP ve CER’ye öncelik verilmesinin, havacılık yöneticilerinin stratejilerini küresel sürdürülebilirlik hedefleriyle uyumlu hale getirmelerine, kaynak tahsisini optimize etmelerine ve sektörün dayanıklılığını artırmalarına olanak sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, PCRS ve FAP gibi bağımlı stratejiler, iyileşme ve uzun vadeli altyapı geliştirme açısından kritik bir rol oynamaktadır, ancak etkinlikleri büyük ölçüde SAP ve CER’in başarılı uygulanmasına bağlıdır. Çalışma Türkiye'deki uzman görüşlerine dayansa da kullanılan metodoloji uluslararası havacılık yönetimi için uygulanabilir, tekrarlanabilir bir karar alma çerçevesi sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Stratejik Yönetim
• Havacılık Yönetimi
• Bulanık Dematel

Prioritizing Growth Strategies in Aviation Sector: a Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach

Öz

The prioritization of growth strategies in the aviation sector is crucial as the industry navigates evolving regulatory landscapes, operational challenges, and the long-term repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employs the Fuzzy DEMATEL method to analyze the interdependencies among key strategic initiatives systematically, identifying Sustainable Aviation Practices (SAP) and Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) as critical drivers of growth. The study is based on expert evaluations from Turkey, with nine experts selected based on their extensive professional experience in aviation sustainability, airport planning, regulatory policy, fleet operations, and strategic decision-making. Their experience levels range from 10 to 30 years, ensuring a comprehensive and informed assessment of growth strategies. Experts conducted pairwise comparisons to evaluate the influence of various strategic factors, with results analyzed using the Fuzzy DEMATEL approach to determine causal relationships among key strategies. Findings indicate that SAP, with the highest prominence and net causality scores, serves as a fundamental enabler for Energy Consumption Optimization (ECO), Post-COVID Recovery Strategies (PCRS), and Future Airport Planning (FAP). CER, ranking second in influence, significantly impacts SAP and ECO, reinforcing its role in regulatory compliance and operational efficiency. The study highlights that prioritizing SAP and CER enables aviation managers to align strategies with global sustainability objectives, optimize resource allocation, and enhance industry resilience. Furthermore, dependent strategies such as PCRS and FAP emerge as essential for recovery and long-term infrastructure development, yet their effectiveness is contingent on the successful implementation of SAP and CER. While the study is based on expert evaluations in Turkey, the methodology provides a replicable and applicable decision-making framework for international aviation management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Strategic Management
• Aviation Management
• Fuzzy Dematel

Kaynakça

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