Sosyal Destek ile Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar İlişkisinde Değişmezlik: Çoklu Grup Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli

Öz

Algılanan sosyal desteğin cinsiyete göre farklılıkları ve öz belirleme teorisine göre temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların cinsiyet grupları için değişmezlik ilkesi, birçok ulusta incelenmiş ve farklılıklar ortaya konarak tartışılmıştır. Fakat henüz Türk kültüründe teorinin ortaya koymuş olduğu ilişkinin cinsiyet grupları için değişmezliği araştırılmamıştır. Mevcut çalışma, değişmezliğin Türk toplumundaki genç yetişkinler için geçerli olup olmadığını araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amacı açıklığa kavuşturabilmek için gerekli etik izinler neticesinde Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesinin farklı disiplinlerindeki öğrencilerden yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen anketler vasıtasıyla toplam 486 veri elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan ankette demografik yapının belirlenmesi için bazı ifadeler, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek ölçeği ve Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar ölçeği yer almaktadır. Çalışmada değişmezlik ilkesinin araştırılmasından önce nedenselliğin ne boyutta olduğu incelenmiş ve ardından toplam beş model kurularak cinsiyet gruplarında değişmezlik analiz edilmiştir. Nedensellik ilişkisinde elde edilen bulgular, sosyal desteğin aile ve arkadaş alt boyutunun özerklik, yeterlilik ve ilişki ihtiyacı ile anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkide olduğunu fakat özel insan desteği alt boyutunun sadece özerklik ihtiyacı boyutu ile anlamlı, pozitif bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Değişmezlik analizinde ise temel modelin kadın ve erkek gruplarında aynı olmamasından dolayı kısmi değişmezlik araştırılmaya devam edilmiştir. Toplam beş model ve belirlen kriterler neticesinde kısmi değişmezliğin varlığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cinsiyet Değişmezliği
• Sosyal Destek
• Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar
• Çoklu Grup Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli

Invariance in the Relationship between Social Support and Basic Psychological Needs: A Multi-Group Structural Equation Model

Öz

Gender differences in perceived social support and the principle of invariance of basic psychological needs for gender groups according to self-determination theory have been examined in numerous nations and discussed by revealing differences. However, the invariance of the theory's relationship for gender groups in Turkish culture has not yet been investigated. The present study aims to investigate whether invariance is valid for young adults in Turkish society. In order to clarify this purpose, a total of 486 data were obtained through face-to-face questionnaires from students in different disciplines of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University as a result of the necessary ethical permissions. The questionnaire used in the study includes some statements to determine the demographic structure, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support scale, and the Basic Psychological Needs scale. Before investigating the invariance in the study, the extent of causality was examined, and then invariance was analyzed in gender groups by establishing a total of five models. The findings obtained in the causality relationship revealed that the family and friends sub-dimension of social support has a significant and positive relationship with the need for autonomy, competence, and relationships, but the special human support sub-dimension has a significant, positive relationship only with the need for autonomy. In the invariance analysis, partial invariance continued to be investigated since the basic model was not the same in men and women groups. As a result of the criteria determined for a total of five models, the existence of a partial invariance was determined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gender Invariance
• Social Support
• Basic Psychological Needs
• Multi-Group Structural Equation Model

Kaynakça

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