Psychobiotics and Elderly Health

Abstract

While aging with physiological dimensions refers to the changes seen with chronological age, on the other hand, aging with psychological dimensions refers to the change of humans’ capacity to adaptively. Such as learning, psychomotor, problem-solving and personality traits. With the improvement of life quality in recent years, the average life expectancy and therefore the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly have also increased. Although the aging process is universal, progressive, gradual and unstoppable, human gut microbiota-targeted aging management is a new approach to health and anti-aging. Nutrition plays a big factor in the elderly population with providing adequate cognitive and physical functions and when taking the right nutrition it also reduces the risk of chronic diseases. When adding functional foods into the diet, it can play a significant role to reduce the risk of diet-related diseases. Such as probiotics and prebiotics. In recent years, a new subclass of probiotics called ‘psychobiotics’ has emerged. These psychobiotics are defined as probiotics that, when taken in appropriate amounts, it creates positive psychiatric effects in human psychopathology. Examination of this new class of probiotics provides a glimmer of hope for the effective management of neurodegenerative diseases and various psychiatric disorders, especially with increasing life expectancy. Also, recommending the use of probiotics in old age will contribute to the treatment of some health problems related to aging.

Keywords

• Probiotics
• elderly
• diet
• food
• nutrition

Psikobiyotikler ve Yaşlı Sağlığı

Öz

Fizyolojik boyutuyla yaşlanma kronolojik yaşla birlikte görülen değişiklikleri ifade ederken, psikolojik boyutuyla yaşlanma; kronolojik yaş ilerledikçe görülen öğrenme, psikomotor aktivite,problem çözme ve kişilik özellikleri açısından insanın uyum kapasitesindeki değişimi ifade eder.Son yıllarda yaşam kalitesinin yükselmesiyle ortalama yaşam süresi, dolayısıyla yaşlılar arasında nörodejeneratif hastalıkların görülme sıklığı artmıştır. Yaşlanma süreci evrensel, ilerleyici, kademeli ve engellenemez olmasına rağmen, insan bağırsağı mikrobiyota hedefli yaşlanma yönetimi, sağlığı ve yaşlanmayı önlemede yeni bir yaklaşımdır. Yaşlı popülasyonda yeterli bilişsel ve fiziksel fonksiyonların sağlanması ve kronik hastalık riskinin azaltılması için beslenme büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sağlıklı ve dengeli beslenme adına, fonksiyonel besinlerin diyete sokularak, diyetle ilişkili hastalık riskinin azaltılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu fonksiyonel besinlerden bir kaçı da probiyotikler ve prebiyotiklerdir. Son yıllarda, ‘psikobiyotikler’ adı verilen yeni bir probiyotik alt sınıfı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu psikobiyotikler ilk olarak uygun miktarlarda alındığında psikopatolojide olumlu psikiyatrik etkiler yaratan probiyotikler olarak tanımlanır. Bu yeni probiyotik sınıfının incelenmesi, özellikle yaşam süresinin uzamasıyla artan nörodejeneratif hastalıkların ve çeşitli psikiyatrik bozuklukların etkin yönetimi için umut ışığı oluşturmaktadır. Yaşlılıkta probiyotik kullanımının tavsiye edilmesinin, yaşlılıkla ilgili bazı sağlık problemlerinin tedavisine katkı sağlayacağı unutulmamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Probiyotikler
• yaşlı
• diyet
• besin
• beslenme

Kaynakça

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