Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Abstract

Intermittent explosive disorder is an impulse control disorder characterized by the occurrence of discrete episodes of failure to resist aggressive impulses that result in violent assault or destruction of property. Though the prevalence intermittent explosive disorder has been reported to be relatively rare in frontier studies on the field, it is now common opinion that intermittent explosive disorder is far more common than previously thought especially in clinical psychiatry settings. Etiological studies displayed the role of both psychosocial factors like childhood traumas and biological factors like dysfunctional neurotransmitter systems and genetics. In differential diagnosis of the disorder, disorders involving agression as a symptom such as alcohol and drug intoxication, antisocial and borderline personality disorders, personality changes due to general medical conditions and behavioral disorder should be considered. A combination of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches are suggested in the treatment of the disorder. This article briefly reviews the historical background, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiology and treatment of intermittent explosive disorder.

Keywords

• impulse control disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, aggression

Aralıklı Patlayıcı Bozukluk

Öz

Aralıklı patlayıcı bozukluk ciddi saldırganlık ya da diğer insanların malına za-rar verme ile sonuçlanan ve yineleyen biçimde saldırganlık dürtülerine karşı koyamama atakları ile tanımlanan bir dürtü kontrol bozukluğudur. Önceleri oldukça nadir bir bozukluk olduğu bildirilmişse de, artık özellikle psikiyatrik örneklem gruplarında olmak üzere daha önce düşünüldüğünden çok daha sık görüldüğü kabul edilmektedir. Aralıklı patlayıcı bozukluğun etyolojisinde çocukluk travmaları gibi psikososyal nedenlerin yanı sıra genetik faktörler ve serotonin, noradrenalin ve dopamin gibi çeşitli nörotransmitter sistemlerindeki düzensizlikler gibi biyolojik nedenlerinde rol oynadığı bildirilmektedir. Bu bozukluğun ayırıcı tanısında alkol ve madde intoksikasyonu, antisosyal ve borderline kişilik bozuklukları, genel tıbbi duruma bağlı kişilik değişiklikleri ve davranım bozukluğu gibi agresyonun bir belirti olarak yer aldığı hastalıklar düşünülmelidir. Tedavisinde ise farmakolojik tedavi ile psikoterapötik sürecin bir arada sürdürülmesi önerilmektedir. Bu yazıda aralıklı patlayıcı bozukluk tanısının tarihsel gelişimi, tanı ölçütleri, epidemiyolojisi, nedenleri ve tedavi yaklaşımları gözden geçirilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dürtü kontrol bozukluğu, aralıklı patlayıcı bozukluk, agresyon

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