Nomofobi: Ayırıcı Tanı ve Tedavisi

Öz

Gelişen iletişim teknolojileri cep telefonlarının da gelişmesine ve birçok fonksiyonu yerine getirmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Yaygın ve sık olarak kullanılan cep telefonları, insanlarda bazı davranış ve duygu bozukluklarına yol açabilmektedir. Nomofobi de bu bozukluklardan biridir ve insanların cep telefonlarından uzak kalma korkusu olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Nomofobi çeşitli demografik değişkenler (genç yaş), kişilik özellikleri (dışa dönüklük), duygular (gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu) ve ihtiyaçlar (dokunsal ihtiyaç) ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Klinik psikoloji açısından nomofobinin kökenlerinde depresyon, kaygı ve stresin etkisini araştırılmıştır. Nomofobinin tanı ölçütleri geliştirilmiş ve bir psikiyatrik tanı olarak DSM-5’e kabul edilmesi için öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada nomofobi; ayrılık kaygısı, obsesif kompülsif bozukluk, panik bozukluk, dürtü kontrol bozukluğu ve bağımlılık gibi ruhsal rahatsızlıklarla ayırıcı tanı ölçütleri açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Nomofobinin trafikte ve günlük hayatta kişinin fiziksel sağlığı açısından riskli yönleri olmasının yanı sıra, psikolojik sağlığı da olumsuz olarak etkilediği bilinmektedir. Stresi artırdığı, depresyon ve kaygı bozuklukları ile ilişkili olduğu, insomniaya sebep olabildiği ifade edildiği gibi, genç yetişkin grubun akademik başarısını da olumsuz yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Nomofobinin tedavisinde bilişsel davranışçı tedavi müdahalelerinin ve varoluşçu psikoterapi yaklaşımının etkili olduğu belirtilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nomofobi,DSM-5,kaygı bozuklukları,ayırıcı tanı,tedavi

Nomophobia: Differential Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Developing communication technologies have enabled mobile phones to develop and perform many functions. Common and frequently used mobile phones can cause some behaviors and emotions in humans. Nomophobia is one of these disorders and is called fear of people being away from mobile phones. Nomophobia was found to be related with some demographic variables (young age), personality characteristics (extraversion), emotions (fear of missing out), and needs (need for touch). From a clinical psychology viewpoint, depression, anxiety and stress were examined in the etiology of nomophobia. Diagnostic criteria for nomophobia were developed and nomophobia was proposed to be included in psychiatric disorders in DSM-5. In this study, nomophobia and a range of psychological disorders such as separation anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, impulse control disorders and addictions were compared in terms of differential diagnosis criteria. In addition to being risky in terms of physical health of the person, nomophobia negatively affects psychological health. Nomophobia increases stress and it is associated with depression and anxiety disorders. Moreover, it can cause insomnia and it adversely affects the academic success of the young adult group. Cognitive behavioral treatment interventions and existential psychotherapy approaches are known to be effective in the treatment of nomophobia.

Keywords

• Nomophobia,DSM-5,anxiety disorders,differential diagnosis,therapy

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