Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has been proven by systematic review and meta-analysis studies that it is an effective psychotherapeutic approach for women with breast cancer (WBC) having biological, psychological, and social distress. However, CBT consists of different waves. In recent years, it is found that third wave approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) are used as psychological interventions in breast cancer. In the present study, the aim is to assess the effects of randomized controlled studies based on second and third wave Cognitive Behavioral Therapies on the bio-psycho-social distress of WBC by a systematic review. Literature review was conducted on 3 electronic databases, Google Academic, PubMed, and Ulakbim, by using English and Turkish keywords. Studies executed with second- or third-wave CBT in women with breast cancer and with randomized controlled research designs were included in the review. 21 studies complying with the eligibility criteria were found. Among these studies, 16 were categorized as the studies conducted based on CBT, 3 based on ACT, and 2 based on MBCT. CBT are effective in depression, insomnia, cognitive impairment, menopausal symptoms, fatigue related by cancer, physical adaptation, pain, life quality, psycho-social adaptation, self-esteem, and sexual dysfunction.

Keywords

• breast cancer
• cognitive therapy
• systematic review

Meme Kanserli Kadınlarda Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapilerin Etkililiği: Sistematik Derleme Çalışması

Öz

Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT) biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal sıkıntı yaşayan meme kanserli kadınlar (MKK) için etkili bir psikoterapötik yaklaşım olduğu sistematik derleme ve meta-analiz çalışmalarıyla kanıtlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte BDT farklı kuşaklardan oluşmaktadır. Son yıllarda Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi (KKT) ve Bilinçli Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapi (BFTBT) gibi üçüncü kuşak yaklaşımlar meme kanserinde psikolojik müdahaleler olarak kullanılmaya başlandığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ikinci ve üçüncü kuşak BDT’ye dayalı randomize kontrollü çalışmaların MKK’nin biyo-psiko-sosyal sıkıntıları üzerindeki etkileri sistematik olarak taranarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Alan yazın taraması Google Akademik, PubMed ve Ulakbim olmak üzere 3 elektronik veri tabanında ve İngilizce ve Türkçe terimlerle yürütülmüştür. Taramaya meme kanserli kadınlarla, ikinci ya da üçüncü kuşak BDT’lerle yürütülmüş ve araştırma desenleri randomize kontrollü olan çalışmalar dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan 21 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmalardan 16’sı BDT, 3 tanesi KKT ve 2 tanesi de BFTBT temelinde uygulanan çalışmalar olarak kategorize edilmişlerdir. BDT’lerin, depresyon, uykusuzluk, bilişsel bozulma, menopoz belirtileri, yorgunluk, fizyolojik uyum, ağrı, yaşam kalitesi, psiko-sosyal uyum, öz-saygı ve cinsel işlev bozukluğunda etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Meme kanseri
• bilişsel davranışçı terapi
• randomize kontrollü araştırmalar
• sistematik derleme

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