Alkol/Madde Kullanım Bozukluklarında Şiddet ve İntiharın Nörobiyolojik Temelleri

Öz

Alkol ve madde kullanım bozukluklarında hem intihar davranışı riski hem de şiddet davranışı riski artmaktadır. Ayrıca, alkol ve madde kullanım bozukluklarının dünya genelinde artan intihar ve şiddet yaygınlığına önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Bu nedenlerle intihar, şiddet ve bağımlılık kavramlarından oluşan sorunlar sarmalının küresel ölçekte çözüm beklediği düşünülmektedir. Bu problemlerle başa çıkmak için altta yatan nörobiyolojik mekanizmaların keşfi gereklidir. İntihar, şiddet ve bağımlılık davranışlarını anlamada nörobiyolojik mekanizmaların önemi daha önceki araştırmalarda ortaya konulmuştur. Özellikle son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar, bu üç durumun birbiriyle ilişkili genetik, epigenetik ve nörobiyolojik temellere sahip olabileceğine dair bazı kanıtlar göstermiştir. Bu nedenle bu derlemede alkol ve madde kullanım bozuklukları ile ilgili güncel nörobiyolojik araştırmaların yanı sıra intihar ve şiddet davranışları ile ilgili bilimsel yazın bir arada sunulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• madde kullanımına bağlı bozukluklar
• alkolizm
• şiddet
• intihar
• psikiyatri

Neurobiological Basis of Violence and Suicide in Alcohol/Substance Use Disorders

Öz

Both the risk of suicidal and violent behaviours increases in alcohol and substance use disorders. Besides, it's proposed that alcohol and substance use disorders significantly contribute to the increasing prevalence of suicide and violence worldwide. For these reasons, it is thought that the spiral of problems consisting of the concepts of suicide, violence, and addiction awaits a solution on a global scale. The discovery of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms is required to deal with these problems. Previous research has revealed the importance of neurobiological mechanisms in understanding suicidal, violent, and addictive behaviours. Especially recent studies have shown some evidence that these three conditions have some related genetic, epigenetic, and neurobiological bases. Therefore, besides the current neurobiological research on alcohol and substance use disorders, scientific literature related to suicidal and violent behaviours will be presented in this review altogether.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• substance-related disorders
• alcoholism
• violence
• suicide
• psychiatry

Kaynakça

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