An Anatomy of a Fear: Clinical Outcomes of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination in Children with Egg Allergy

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of allergic reactions following Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccination in children with egg allergy. Our aim in selecting the MMR vaccine was to better understand vaccine-related allergic reactions in children with egg allergy and to assess its reliability. Material and Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 202 patients diagnosed with egg allergy who received the MMR vaccine in our clinic between 2023 and 2024. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were reviewed. Patients’ age, sex, concomitant allergic diseases, total IgE, specific IgE for milk, egg, and nuts, skin prick tests, and post-vaccination reactions were recorded. Results: The median age of the patients was 12 months (range: 7-84 months), and 57.4% were male. Sensitization to cow’s milk was detected in 29.2% of the patients, while 6.9% had nut allergen sensitivity. The most common clinical conditions were urticaria (43.1%) and atopic dermatitis (36.6%). Following vaccination, only four patients (2%) developed localized rash, and none had a history of anaphylaxis. Conclusion: No severe systemic reactions were observed following MMR vaccination in children with egg allergy. Our findings support current guidelines, suggesting that MMR vaccination can be safely administered under standard conditions in children with egg allergy. In our study, 29.2% of patients with egg allergy had cow’s milk allergy, and 6.9% had nut allergy, suggesting that food allergies are often seen together in childhood. Additionally, it is emphasized that the India-made MMR vaccines used in Turkey contain milk proteins, which may increase the risk of anaphylaxis in individuals with milk and egg allergies, highlighting the need for careful evaluation of the vaccine prospectus before vaccination in these children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Egg allergy
• MMR vaccine
• allergic reaction
• anaphylaxis
• cow milk’s allergy

Bir Korkunun Anatomisi: Yumurta Alerjisi Olan Çocuklarda Kızamık-Kabakulak-Kızamıkçık Aşılamasının Klinik Sonuçları

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kızamık-kabakulak-kızamıkçık (KKK) aşısı sonrası yumurta alerjisi olan çocuklarda alerjik reaksiyonların sıklığını ve klinik özelliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. KKK aşısını seçme amacımız, özellikle yumurta alerjisi olan çocuklarda aşıya bağlı alerjik reaksiyonların daha iyi anlaşılması ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2023-2024 yılları arasında kliniğimizde KKK aşısı yapılan ve yumurta alerjisi tanısı almış 202 hasta üzerinde retrospektif bir analiz gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların demografik, klinik ve laboratuvar verileri incelendi. Yaş, cinsiyet, eşlik eden alerjik hastalıklar, total IgE, süt, yumurta ve kuruyemişlere özgü IgE düzeyleri, deri prick testleri ve aşılama sonrası reaksiyonlar kaydedildi. Bulgular: Hastaların medyan yaşı 12 ay (dağılım: 7-84 ay) olup, %57,4’ü erkekti. Hastaların %29,2’sinde inek sütü duyarlılığı, %6,9’unda ise kuruyemiş alerjeni duyarlılığı saptandı. En sık görülen klinik durumlar ürtiker (%43,1) ve atopik dermatit (%36,6) idi. Aşılama sonrasında yalnızca dört hastada (%2) lokal döküntü gelişti ve hiçbir hastada anafilaksi öyküsü bulunmadı. Sonuç: Yumurta alerjisi olan çocuklarda KKK aşısı sonrası ciddi sistemik reaksiyon gözlenmedi. Bulgularımız, mevcut kılavuzları desteklemekte olup, yumurta alerjisi olan çocuklarda KKK aşısının standart koşullar altında güvenle uygulanabileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışmamızda, yumurta alerjisi olan hastaların %29,2’sinde inek sütü alerjisi, %6,9’unda kuruyemiş alerjisi görülmesi çocukluk çağında gıda alerjilerinin sıklıkla bir arada görüldüğünü düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de kullanılan Hindistan menşeili KKK aşılarının süt proteinleri içerdiği ve bu durumun süt ve yumurta alerjisi olan bireylerde anafilaksi riskini artırabileceği, bu çocuklar aşılanmadan önce aşı prospektüslerinin titizlikle değerlendirilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yumurta alerjisi
• KKK aşısı
• alerjik reaksiyon
• anafilaksi
• inek sütü alerjisi

Kaynakça

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