17 Ağustos 1999 Kocaeli Depreminde Adapazarı Şehir Merkezinde Devrilen Binaların Devrilmeye Karşı Optimum Yükseklik/Genişlik Oranının Belirlenmesi

Öz

17 Ağustos 1999 Kocaeli depreminde, Adapazarı şehir merkezinde dar cepheli, yüksek ve narin onlarca binanın hasar görmeden temeliyle birlikte devrildiği görülmüştür. Bu davranışın en büyük sebebi, deprem yüküne bağlı artan taban basıncı ile zemin taşıma kapasitesinin ve elastik yatak katsayısının aşılmasıdır. Binaların, zemindeki farklı oturmalardan kaynaklı artan tepe deplasmanları ve ikinci mertebe taban momentleri nedeniyle devrildiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile 17 Ağustos 1999 Kocaeli depreminde Adapazarı şehir merkezinde devrilen farklı yükseklik/genişlik (H/B) oranlarına sahip 4 adet binanın, 5 farklı zemin yatak katsayılı (K) zemin için ETABS 18.1.1 programı kullanılarak, ayrı ayrı non-lineer (itme) analizi ve devrilme tahkikleri yapılmıştır. Devrilen bu binalardan en düşük H/B oranına sahip binanın tepe yer değiştirmeleri ve zemin yatak katsayıları dikkate alınarak, farklı H/B ve zemin yatak katsayısına sahip 20 model için %96 regresyonla lineer ve %99 regresyonla parabolik iki bağıntı elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bina Devrilme Analizi
• Adapazarı’nda Devrilen Narin Binalar
• Sallanan Rijit Bloklar
• Zeminden Ayrılan Temel
• Çekme Almayan Temel

Determination of the Optimum Height/Width Ratio of Overturned Buildings in the Adapazarı City Center during the August 17th 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake

Öz

After the August 17th, 1999 Kocaeli earthquake, it was observed that dozens of narrow-fronted, high and slender buildings in the city center of Adapazarı overturned with their foundations being undamaged. The main reason for this behavior is the increased base pressure due to earthquake load and the excess of soil bearing capacity and elastic bearing coefficient. It was understood that the buildings were overturned due to the increased top displacements and second order base moments due to different settlements in the soil. In this study, overturning analysis of overturned 4 buildings in the city center of Adapazarı after the August 17th, 1999 Kocaeli earthquake with different height/width ratios (H/B) ratios, were made using the ETABS 18.1.1 program separately for the soil with 5 different soil bearing coefficients (K). Considering the top displacements and soil bearing coefficients of the building with the lowest H/B ratio among these overturned buildings, a linear relationship with 96% regression and a parabolic relationship with 99% regression were obtained for 20 models with different H/B ratios and soil bearing coefficients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Overturning Analysis
• Slender Buildings Overturned in Adapazarı
• Rocking Rigid Blocks
• Uplift Foundation
• Foundation with Zero Tensile Strength

Kaynakça

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