Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Fall Risk Assessment in Older Adults by Using Machine Learning Techniques

Öz

There are many attempts to provide the elderly with a life more independently. One of the main problems facing people in this age group is fall events. Falls are one of the most common accidents among the elderly and may result in extended hospitalization and increased medical costs. The requirement for care services, such as fall detection, is increasing because of the growing population of elderly people. In this study, machine learning techniques- Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and Decision Tree are used to predict fall risk of elderly people. Fall risk assessment methods are used to obtain inputs and outputs in addition to the physical and clinical features of people in the dataset. This study aimed to facilitate the fall risk assessment process of health professionals to determine the fall risk factors of elderly individuals and to make predictions. Based on the results of fall prediction, individualized fall prevention interventions can be developed to reduce the fall rates of elderly individuals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fall Risk
• Machine Learning
• Random Forest
• Logistic Regression
• Decision Tree

Sağlık Hizmetinde Yapay Zeka: Makine Öğrenmesi Teknikleri Kullanılarak Yaşlılarda Düşme Riski Tespiti

Öz

Yaşlılara daha bağımsız bir yaşam sağlamak için birçok girişimde bulunulmaktadır. Bu yaş grubundaki insanların karşılaştığı temel sorunlardan biri düşme olaylarıdır. Düşme, yaşlılar arasında en sık görülen kazalardan biridir ve hastanede kalış süresinin uzamasına ve tıbbi maliyetlerin artmasına neden olabilmektedir. Yaşlı nüfusun artması nedeniyle düşme tespiti gibi bakım hizmetlerine olan ihtiyaç da artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yaşlıların düşme riskinin tahmin edilmesi amacıyla makine öğrenmesi teknikleri (Logistic Regresyon, Random Forest, Decision Tree) kullanılmıştır. Veri setinde yer alan kişilerin fiziksel ve klinik özelliklerinin yanı sıra girdi ve çıktıların elde edilmesi için düşme riski değerlendirme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, yaşlı bireylerin düşme risk faktörlerini belirlemek ve tahminlerde bulunmak amacıyla, sağlık profesyonellerinin düşme riski değerlendirme sürecini kolaylaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Düşme tahmininin sonuçlarına dayanarak bu sayede, yaşlı bireylerin düşme oranlarını azaltmak için bireyselleştirilmiş düşme önleme müdahaleleri geliştirilebilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Düşme Riski
• Makine Öğrenimi
• Lojistik Regresyon
• Karar Ağacı
• Rastgele Orman Algoritması

Teşekkür

We thank the sharing of data for scientific researches by Michele Menezes, Ney Armando de Mello Meziat-Filho, Thiago Lemos, Arthur Sá Ferreira, and Camila Santos Araújo in the Rehabilitation Sciences department at the Augusto Motta University Center in Brazil.

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