A Comparison of Metaheuristics for the Allocation of Elevators to Calls in Buildings

Öz

This paper deals with the car-call allocation problem in vertical transportation in buildings. We have made a wide comparison of different metaheuristic optimization algorithms to identify those with a better performance dealing with the problem. The tested approaches are Differential Evolution (DE), Simulated Annealing with Random Starts (SAR), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Bat Algorithm (BA), Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BF), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Tabu Search (TS). Each algorithm was tested in high-rise building simulations of 10 to 24 floors, with car configurations of 2 to 6 cars. Results proved that the ABC and TS algorithms generally result in better average journey times compared to other methods. It has to be noted that we introduced a new version of the Simulated Annealing, Simulated Annealing with Restarts (SAR), which ranked as the third best algorithm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elevator group control system
• evolutionary algorithms
• optimization

A Comparison of Metaheuristics for the Allocation of Elevators to Calls in Buildings

Öz

Bu çalışma binalarda düşey taşımacılıkta kullanılan asansörler için çağrıların kabinlere dağıtılması problemi üzerinedir.  Geniş bir spektrumda farklı sezgisel optimizasyon algoritmaları problem üzerinde performans yönünden karşılaştırılmış ve başarılıları belirlenmiştir. Test edilen algoritmalar Çıkarımsal Evrim (Differential Evolution, DE), Rastgele Yeniden Başlatmalı Benzetimli Tavlama (Simulated Annealing with Random Starts, SAR), Yapay Arı Kolonisi (Artificial Bee Colony, ABC), Yarasa Algoritması (Bat Algoritması, BA), Bakteri Otlama Optimizasyon Algoritması (Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm, BF), Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyonu (Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO),  Genetic Algoritma (Genetic Algorithm, GA) ve Tabu Araştırmasıdır (Tabu Search, TS). Her algoritma simülasyon ile 10 ila 24 katlı binalar ve 2 ila 6 kabin ile test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ABC ve TS algoritmalarının daha iyi bir ortalama yolculuk zamanı verdiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca Benzetimli Tavlama algoritmasının yeni bir versiyonu olan Rastgele Yeniden Başlatmalı Benzetimli Tavlama (SAR) algoritması geliştirilmiştir. SAR deney sonuçlarında en iyi 3. algoritma olarak çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elevator group control system
• evolutionary algorithms
• optimization

Kaynakça

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